Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Neurology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 1091

Special Issue Editor


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Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
Interests: neurological disorders; neurological diseases; multiple sclerosis; demyelinating diseases; immunomodulators
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine titled "Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis" delves into the latest advancements in understanding and managing demyelinating diseases, with a particular focus on Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This collection features original research, clinical studies, and reviews that address diagnostic challenges, therapeutic innovations, and prognostic factors impacting patient outcomes. By integrating insights from neurology, immunology, and clinical practice, the issue aims to enhance the accuracy of MS diagnosis, evaluate emerging treatment options, and offer a comprehensive outlook on improving patient care and quality of life for those affected by these complex conditions.

Dr. Alberto Gajofatto
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • multiple sclerosis
  • neuromyelitis optica
  • MOG-antibody disease
  • diagnosis
  • prognosis
  • treatment

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 2335 KiB  
Article
Brain Volume Measures in Adults with MOG-Antibody-Associated Disease: A Longitudinal Multicenter Study
by Riccardo Orlandi, Sara Mariotto, Francesca Gobbin, Francesca Rossi, Valentina Camera, Massimiliano Calabrese, Francesca Calabria and Alberto Gajofatto
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(7), 2445; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072445 - 3 Apr 2025
Viewed by 17
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Little is known about the impact of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) on brain atrophy. This multicenter longitudinal study compares brain MRI volumes and T2 lesion volume between MOGAD patients, relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and a healthy control (HC) group [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Little is known about the impact of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) on brain atrophy. This multicenter longitudinal study compares brain MRI volumes and T2 lesion volume between MOGAD patients, relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and a healthy control (HC) group with brain MRI scans available from an online repository. Methods: In total, 16 adult MOGAD patients (9 F) were age- and sex-matched with 44 RRMS patients (17 F) recruited in Verona MS Center and 14 HC subjects. The availability of two brain MRI scans performed 18 ± 6 months apart was mandatory for each patient. Annual percentage brain volume change (PBVC/y), baseline global brain, white matter (WM), gray matter (GM) regional brain volumes and T2 lesion volume were compared between groups. Results: PBVC/y was lower in MOGAD than in RRMS patients (p = 0.014) and lower in HC subjects than in MS patients (p = 0.005). Overall, MOGAD showed higher mean global brain (p = 0.012) and WM volume (p = 0.024) but lower median T2 lesion volume at timepoint 1 (p < 0.001); T2 lesion volume increased over time in the RRMS (p < 0.001) but not in the MOGAD cohort (p = 0.262). Conclusions: The structural brain MRI features of MOGAD show higher global brain and WM volumes and lower brain volume loss over time compared to RRMS, suggesting different underlining pathogenetic mechanisms. Full article
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