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Bladder Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment and Future Opportunities
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Bladder Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment and Future Opportunities

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Nephrology & Urology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2027 | Viewed by 1184

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jørgen Bjerggaard Jensen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Clincal Medicine, Arhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
2. Department of Surgery, Queen Ingrid’s Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland
Interests: urology; bladder cancer; nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer; muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bladder cancer is a frequent cancer type with a high degree of diversity regarding prognosis and treatment modalities. Its incidence has been almost unaltered over the past few decades despite a focus on smoking and work environment improvements. Thus, the reduction in these factors has been offset by an increasing life expectancy in the Western World.

During the last decade, previous stagnation in the development of new diagnostics and treatment modalities has changed into an explosion in both new local and systemic treatments and the introduction of promising prognostic biomarkers. Immunotherapy showed promising results when introduced, but the initial enthusiasm was quickly changed to a more realistic expectation of just a game-changer in the minority of patients. However, this fact has paved the way for more individualized, tailor-made treatment. We are on the verge of a new future for bladder cancer treatment.

With this Special Issue, “Bladder Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment and Future Opportunities”, we hope to focus on an up-to-date mapping of the current status of bladder cancer and highlight new promising fields of diagnostics, treatment, and follow-up.

Prof. Dr. Jørgen Bjerggaard Jensen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • urology
  • bladder cancer
  • urothelial cancer
  • non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
  • muscle invasive bladder cancer

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 531 KB  
Article
Preoperative Frailty Assessed by the Record-Based Multidimensional Prognostic Index Predicts 90-Day Days Alive and out of Hospital Following Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
by Katharina Skovhus, Peter Kristensen, Danny Bech Sindberg, Marianne Ørum, Bente Thoft Jensen, Merete Gregersen and Pernille Skjold Kingo
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(11), 4057; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15114057 - 24 May 2026
Viewed by 154
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is associated with high morbidity. Frailty is an important determinant of surgical outcomes; however, its association with the composite outcome Days Alive and Out of Hospital (DAOH) has not been examined following RC. [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is associated with high morbidity. Frailty is an important determinant of surgical outcomes; however, its association with the composite outcome Days Alive and Out of Hospital (DAOH) has not been examined following RC. We assessed the impact of preoperative frailty on 90-day DAOH in older patients undergoing RC for MIBC. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including 408 consecutive patients aged ≥65 years undergoing RC at a tertiary referral center between 2018 and 2023. Frailty was assessed using the record-based Multidimensional Prognostic Index (r-MPI), classifying patients as non-frail (MPI1), moderately frail (MPI2), or severely frail (MPI3). The primary outcome was 90-day DAOH; secondary outcomes included length of stay (LOS), postoperative complications, delirium, and mortality. DAOH was dichotomized at the cohort median. Associations with low DAOH were analyzed using modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. Results: Median 90-day DAOH decreased progressively with increasing frailty: MPI1: 81 days (IQR 76–83), MPI2: 73 days (IQR 62–80), MPI3: 67 days (IQR 52–76); p < 0.01. In multivariable analysis, frailty was independently associated with low DAOH (MPI2: RR 2.46, 95% CI 1.94–3.11; MPI3: RR 3.37, 95% CI 2.55–4.46), whereas age and comorbidity were not. Increasing frailty was consistently linked to worse postoperative outcomes, including longer LOS, higher complication burden and severity, and more frequent delirium. Ninety-day postoperative complication-related mortality increased markedly with frailty (MPI1: 1.6%, MPI2: 11.9%, MPI3: 12.1%; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Preoperative frailty is a strong independent predictor of low 90-day DAOH and adverse postoperative outcomes following RC in older patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bladder Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment and Future Opportunities)
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13 pages, 847 KB  
Article
The GreenBladder Study: Early Detection of Bladder Cancer in Greenland Using a Urinary Biomarker
by Nathalie Demuth Fryd, Nadja Albertsen, Simon Bernth-Andersen, Andreas Ernst and Jørgen Bjerggaard Jensen
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(2), 761; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15020761 - 16 Jan 2026
Viewed by 663
Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer (BC) incidence in Greenland is lower than in other Nordic countries, yet mortality is disproportionately high, suggesting delayed detection. Cystoscopy is the diagnostic gold standard to detect BC, but access in Greenland is often limited by geographic and logistical challenges, [...] Read more.
Background: Bladder cancer (BC) incidence in Greenland is lower than in other Nordic countries, yet mortality is disproportionately high, suggesting delayed detection. Cystoscopy is the diagnostic gold standard to detect BC, but access in Greenland is often limited by geographic and logistical challenges, underscoring the need for more accessible diagnostic tools. Objectives: This study evaluated the performance of the urinary biomarker test Xpert® Bladder Cancer Detection (XBCD) among patients referred for cystoscopy within the Greenlandic healthcare system. Methods: In this prospective observational study, 198 patients referred for urological evaluation due to hematuria or other urologic symptoms were recruited from five Greenlandic towns. All participants provided a urine sample for XBCD testing prior to cystoscopy, which served as the reference standard. Results: Among 194 patients with valid test results, seven BC cases were detected. XBCD identified five true positives and 166 true negatives, yielding a sensitivity of 71.4%, specificity of 88.8%, and a negative predictive value of 98.8%. Conclusions: In this low-prevalence setting, XBCD demonstrated potential as a triage tool to reduce the number of procedures and support earlier BC detection, although findings are limited by the small number of cancer cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bladder Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment and Future Opportunities)
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