Hypertension in Adults: Current Updates on Diagnosis, Treatment and Management

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Vascular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 May 2025 | Viewed by 700

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Nephrology Department, Hippokration General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: internal medicine; hypertension; clinical medicine; kidney disease; blood pressure

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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, P.O. Box 11528 Athens, Greece
Interests: internal medicine; hypertension; clinical medicine; kidney disease; blood pressure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is widely known that hypertension in the adult population is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, mainly due to its key role in cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the scientific community has focused on, first, its accurate diagnosis and then on the management of this complex problem. Lately, new drug categories have come into light, showing a favorable cardiovascular effect—including an effect on blood pressure, such as SGLT2 inhibitors, as well as other novel agents that are not yet available commercially. These novelties could offer new perspectives in the management of hypertension, especially after many years of limited progress in the field. Moreover, the diagnostic thresholds for hypertension still remain a matter of debate. However, some interesting and new information may be contained in the ESH 2024 Clinical Practice Guidelines. Lastly, as climate change shows its effect more and more on every aspect of our lives, a need for an investigation of its footprint on blood pressure is emerging.

In this Special Issue, we welcome authors to submit papers on the current updates in hypertension in adults in terms of diagnosis, management and potential future perspectives. Our aim is to gather all the current, updated knowledge on hypertension and explore new therapeutic options that may be available.

Dr. Emelina Stambolliu
Dr. Antonios A. Argyris
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • essential hypertension
  • nighttime blood pressure
  • blood pressure measurement
  • blood pressure management
  • blood pressure medical treatment
  • hypertension thresholds

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 1475 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Hypertension in Adolescents: Differences Between 2016 ESH and 2017 AAP Guidelines
by Caterina Carollo, Luigi Peritore, Alessandra Sorce, Emanuele Cirafici, Miriam Bennici, Luca Tortorici, Riccardo Polosa, Giuseppe Mulè and Giulio Geraci
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(6), 1911; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14061911 - 12 Mar 2025
Viewed by 358
Abstract
Introduction: The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) published in 2017 new guidelines for the screening and management of hypertension in children containing different nomograms compared to the European guidelines, leading to a reclassification of blood pressure values, the consequences of which are still [...] Read more.
Introduction: The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) published in 2017 new guidelines for the screening and management of hypertension in children containing different nomograms compared to the European guidelines, leading to a reclassification of blood pressure values, the consequences of which are still little investigated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of high blood pressure values estimated with both the most recent American and European guidelines and to analyze the relationship of blood pressure increases with lifestyles and potentially risky behaviors in a school population in Western Sicily. Methods: On the occasion of the XV World Hypertension Day, blood pressure values of 1301 students aged between 13 and 18 were measured. Two questionnaires were administered, one relating to anamnestic data and anthropometric parameters and a second aimed at investigating lifestyle. For the diagnosis of increased blood pressure, both ESH and AAP criteria were considered. Results: The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 7.5% according to ESH criteria and nearly twice as high using AAP criteria, with a more pronounced discrepancy in females. Individuals with elevated blood pressure were younger, exhibited higher body weight and BMI, and had an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity. Classification based on ESH criteria revealed higher alcohol and drug consumption among normotensive individuals. AAP criteria identified a higher proportion of males and greater height in the hypertensive group. Systolic blood pressure correlated significantly with height, weight, and BMI, with stronger associations in males, while diastolic pressure correlated with weight and BMI. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, our study is the only one to analyze the prevalence of increased blood pressure and its relationship with lifestyle factors and anthropometric data in adolescence in our region. Our study confirms that elevated blood pressure is common in adolescence, with higher prevalence using the 2017 AAP criteria than ESH guidelines. Full article
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