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Recent Research in Skeletal Diseases
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Recent Research in Skeletal Diseases

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Orthopedics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 10963

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Koji Tamai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Meropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
Interests: spine; cervical; quality of life; SPINE20; artificial intelligence; orthopedics; osteoporosis;
Dr. Hidetomi Terai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Meropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
Interests: spine; orthopedics; COVID; surgery; lysosomal storage disease; osteoporosis; bone morphogenetic proteins

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Humans can move, walk, run, work and play because our musculoskeletal system works. However, once the system breaks down, not only our activity but also our quality-of-life can deteriorate significantly. A number of skeletal disorders such as osteoporosis, fracture, bone cancers, and osteoarthritis negatively affect the skeletal system. In addition, other bone diseases, which are caused by poor nutrition, genetics, or problems with the rate of bone growth or rebuilding can also greatly damage the system. As a result, all these diseases shorten the healthy life expectancy of human which quantifies the number of years expected to be lived in good health. To overcome this problem,  researchers in the field of skeletal diseases are encouraged to submit an original article or review to this Special Issue (case reports and short reviews are not accepted). Especially, we are welcome to have an research regarding to the impact of skeletal disease on quality-of-life and/or healthy life expectancy.

Dr. Koji Tamai
Dr. Hidetomi Terai
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • osteoporosis
  • fracture
  • bone cancer
  • osteoarthritis
  • quality-of-life
  • healthy life expectancy
  • nutrition
  • rheumatoid arthritis

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 758 KiB  
Article
Proximal Femur Fractures in the Elderly—A Novel Modality to Predict Mortality: The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio
by Omer Marom, Inbar Paz, David Segal, Guy Topaz, Nitzan Abelson, Alex Tavdi, Refael Behrbalk, Ezequiel Palmanovich, Nissim Ohana and Eyal Yaacobi
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(2), 456; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020456 - 6 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1664
Abstract
Background: The assessment and identification of elderly patients with proximal femur fractures (PFF) who are at high risk of postoperative mortality may influence the treatment decision-making process. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could be used [...] Read more.
Background: The assessment and identification of elderly patients with proximal femur fractures (PFF) who are at high risk of postoperative mortality may influence the treatment decision-making process. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could be used to predict postoperative mortality in the elderly population. Methods: A four-year retrospective cohort study of electronic medical records was conducted at a single tertiary care hospital between 2015 and 2018. Data from 1551 patients aged 65 years and older who underwent surgical treatment for PFF were collected and analyzed. The data included complete blood counts at admission, demographic information, underlying illnesses, type of surgery, and postoperative mortality and complications during the first year of follow-up. A survival analysis model was utilized. Results: The mean age was 90.76 ± 1.88 years, 1066 (68.7%) women. Forty-four (2.8%) patients experienced postoperative infection. A higher NLR0 was independently associated with higher all-cause mortality rates in patients who underwent surgical treatment for PFF (p = 0.041). Moreover, the mean NLR0 value was higher when the death occurred earlier after surgery (p < 0.001). Conclusions: When combined with other clinical and laboratory findings, NLR0 levels may serve as a potentially valuable, inexpensive, and reliable prognostic biomarker to improve risk stratification for elderly patients who are candidates for PFF surgery. Furthermore, with additional research, we could potentially develop a treatment algorithm to identify patients at high risk of postoperative mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research in Skeletal Diseases)
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8 pages, 225 KiB  
Article
Is the Anterolateral or Posterolateral Approach More Effective for Early Postoperative Recovery after Minimally Invasive Total Hip Arthroplasty?
by Yoichi Ohta, Ryo Sugama, Yukihide Minoda, Shigekazu Mizokawa, Shinji Takahashi, Mitsuhiko Ikebuchi, Tamotsu Nakatsuchi and Hiroaki Nakamura
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(1), 139; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010139 - 24 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1329
Abstract
Currently, various minimally invasive surgical techniques are applied for total hip arthroplasty (THA). There are few studies comparing the early postoperative clinical outcomes of minimally invasive THA between anterolateral and posterolateral approaches. In this retrospective study, 62 patients underwent minimally invasive THA via [...] Read more.
Currently, various minimally invasive surgical techniques are applied for total hip arthroplasty (THA). There are few studies comparing the early postoperative clinical outcomes of minimally invasive THA between anterolateral and posterolateral approaches. In this retrospective study, 62 patients underwent minimally invasive THA via either the anterolateral approach with an intermuscular exposure using the modified Watson–Jones approach (MIS-AL, 34 hips) or mini-incision THA with a posterolateral approach (MIS-PL, 28 hips). We analyzed intraoperative data, postoperative hematological data, postoperative radiographic findings, and the postoperative recovery of muscle strength. The mean surgical time was significantly longer in the MIS-PL than in the MIS-AL group. The mean postoperative serum C-reactive protein level was significantly higher in the MIS-PL group than in the MIS-AL group only on postoperative day 3. There were no significant between-group differences in the postoperative recovery rate of muscle strength during hip abduction. The recovery rate of muscle strength during hip extension was better in the MIS-AL group than in the MIS-PL group only on postoperative day 3. In conclusion, we found no obvious advantage in early postoperative recovery between the MIS-AL and MIS-PL approaches. Therefore, the benefit of rapid postoperative recovery was comparable between the MIS-AL and MIS-PL approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research in Skeletal Diseases)
11 pages, 1302 KiB  
Article
Outcomes and Complications of Pelvic Chondrosarcomas Treated Using Navigation Guidance and Multidisciplinary Approach: Is the Tumor Volume a Prognostic Factor?
by Alberto Crimì, Odion T. Binitie, Filippo Crimì, G. Douglas Letson and David M. Joyce
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(23), 7111; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237111 - 30 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2153
Abstract
(1) Background: Pelvic Chondrosarcomas (CS) have a poor prognosis. The grade is the most important survival predictor; other factors are periacetabular location and Dedifferentiated CS subtype. The aim of the study is to investigate a series of CS of the pelvis, to analyze [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Pelvic Chondrosarcomas (CS) have a poor prognosis. The grade is the most important survival predictor; other factors are periacetabular location and Dedifferentiated CS subtype. The aim of the study is to investigate a series of CS of the pelvis, to analyze the prognostic factors that affect outcomes and to demonstrate how the use of intraoperative navigation can reduce the complications without worse outcomes. (2) Methods: Retrospective study on 35 patients (21 M, 14 F), median age at surgery 54 years (IQR 41–65), with pelvic CS, treated with hemipelvectomy under navigation guidance. (3) Results: 30 high-grade CS and 5 low-grade CS; mean follow-up 51.4 months. There was a positive linear correlation between the tumor volume and the presence of local recurrence at follow-up. The mean survival time of patients with larger chondrosarcoma volume was lower, but not significantly so. Lower MSTS score was associated with significantly lower survival time (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusion: in this series overall survival, LR and distant metastasis were comparable with recent literature, while complication rate was lower compared to similar series without the use of navigation. There was a correlation between tumor volume and local recurrence rate but not with the presence of metastasis at follow up. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research in Skeletal Diseases)
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15 pages, 8305 KiB  
Article
Chondral/Desmal Osteogenesis in 3D Spheroids Sensitized by Psychostimulants
by Nele Wagener, Wolfgang Lehmann, Kai O. Böker, Eric Röhner and Pietro Di Fazio
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(20), 6218; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11206218 - 21 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1517
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects 6.4 million children in the United States of America. Children and adolescents, the main consumers of ADHD medication, are in the bone growth phase, which extends over a period of up to two decades. Thus, impaired proliferation [...] Read more.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects 6.4 million children in the United States of America. Children and adolescents, the main consumers of ADHD medication, are in the bone growth phase, which extends over a period of up to two decades. Thus, impaired proliferation and maturation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts can result in impaired bone formation. The aim of this study is to investigate, for the first time, the effects of the ADHD-medication modafinil, atomoxetine and guanfacine on bone growth and repair in vitro. Using two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell models, we investigated the chondrogenic/osteogenic differentiation, proliferation and viability of human mesenchymal progenitor cells. Real-time cell proliferation was measured by xCELLigence. Live/dead staining and size measurement of hMSC- and MG63 monolayer and spheroids were performed after administration of therapeutic plasma concentrations of modafinil, atomoxetine and guanfacine. Chondrogenic differentiation was quantified by RTqPCR. The chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by histological cryo-sections. Modafinil, atomoxetine and guanfacine reduced chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation terms of transcript expression and at the histological level. Cell viability of the MG63- and hMSC monolayer was not impeded by ADHD-medication. Our in vitro results indicate that modafinil, atomoxetine and guanfacine may impair chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation in a 3D model reflecting the in vivo physiologic condition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research in Skeletal Diseases)
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14 pages, 1366 KiB  
Article
Influence of Occupation on the Prevalence of Spinal Pain among Physiotherapists and Nurses
by Aleksandra Bryndal, Sebastian Glowinski and Agnieszka Grochulska
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(19), 5600; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195600 - 23 Sep 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2184
Abstract
(1) Background: Neck pain (NP) and low back pain (LBP) are common musculoskeletal disorders, one of the major causes of disability globally. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of medical occupation (physiotherapist and nurse) on the prevalence of spinal [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Neck pain (NP) and low back pain (LBP) are common musculoskeletal disorders, one of the major causes of disability globally. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of medical occupation (physiotherapist and nurse) on the prevalence of spinal pain, functional status and degree of disability. (2) Methods: a total of 544 people (462 females (84.9%) and 82 males (15.1%)), licensed to practice as a physiotherapist (n1 = 240 (44.1%)) or nurse (n2 = 304 (55.9%)) in Poland completed a special questionnaire designed by the authors of the study, and were assessed using the Neck Disability Index (NDI, Polish language version) and Revised Oswestry Disability Index (ODI, Polish language version). (3) Results: Compared to physiotherapists, nurses were older, shorter, had higher BMI, and longer work experience. In the whole study group, 30.2% of subjects reported NP, 17.7% reported thoracic pain (ThP) and 80.5% reported LBP. During working life, 90.9% of physiotherapists and 97.7% of nurses experienced spinal pain. Pain intensity measured with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was higher among nurses (mean 5.37) than among physiotherapists (mean 4.64). Nurses had a higher degree of disability caused by LBP and NP measured with ODI and NDI compared to physiotherapists. (4) Conclusions: Excessive strain of the spine associated with occupational activities has a strong impact on the intensity and frequency of spinal pain episodes. Physiotherapists and nurses mainly suffer from low back pain. Pain scores measured with VAS are higher in nurses than in physiotherapists. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research in Skeletal Diseases)
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9 pages, 590 KiB  
Article
Change in Physical and Mental Quality-of-Life between the Short- and Mid-Term Periods after Cervical Laminoplasty for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Minimum 5 Years Follow-up
by Koji Tamai, Akinobu Suzuki, Hidetomi Terai, Minori Kato, Hiromitsu Toyoda, Shinji Takahashi, Akito Yabu, Yuta Sawada, Masayoshi Iwamae and Hiroaki Nakamura
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(17), 5230; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175230 - 4 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1303
Abstract
The mid-term surgical outcomes of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), evaluated using the cervical Japanese Orthopedic Association (cJOA) score, are reported to be satisfactory. However, there remains room for improvement in quality-of-life (QOL), especially after short-term follow-up. We aimed to demonstrate changes in mental [...] Read more.
The mid-term surgical outcomes of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), evaluated using the cervical Japanese Orthopedic Association (cJOA) score, are reported to be satisfactory. However, there remains room for improvement in quality-of-life (QOL), especially after short-term follow-up. We aimed to demonstrate changes in mental and physical QOL between short- and mid-term follow-ups and determine the predictive factors for deterioration of QOL. In this retrospective cohort study, 80 consecutive patients underwent laminoplasty for CSM. The outcome measures were Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS), Mental Component Summary (MCS), and cJOA scores. PCS and MCS scores were compared at the 2- and 5-year postoperative time points. Additionally, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the predictive factors for deterioration. Significant factors in the logistic regression analysis were analyzed using receiver-operating characteristic curves. The results showed that MCS scores did not deteriorate after 2 years postoperatively (p = 0.912). Meanwhile, PCS significantly declined between 2 and 5 years postoperatively (p = 0.008). cJOA scores at 2 years postoperatively were significantly associated with PCS deterioration at 2-year follow-up. In conclusion, only physical QOL might show deterioration after short-term follow-up. Such deterioration is likely in patients with a cJOA score <13.0 at 2 years postoperatively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research in Skeletal Diseases)
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