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Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration
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Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 13267

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jiajia Xue

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Guest Editor
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
Interests: biomaterials; tissue engineering; electrospun fibers; scaffolds; stem cells; drug delivery; photothermal therapy
Prof. Dr. Tong Wu

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Guest Editor
Department of Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
Interests: electrospinning; biomaterials; stem cells; controlled release; tissue regeneration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Shixuan Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
Interests: regenerative medicine; wound healing; bone regeneration; nanofiber; biofabrication
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue entitled "Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration" in Journal of Functional Biomaterials aims to present the cutting-edge development of electrospinning techniques, electrospun fibers, and different materials, as well as their wide-range applications in tissue repair, replacement, and regeneration. Electrospun fibers have shown great promise mainly due to their capability of mimicking the structure, composition, and biological function of extracellular matrix. Therefore, they have been actively explored as fibrous scaffolds for the repair of tissue injuries including, but not limited to, nerve repair, vascular regeneration, wound healing, and bone/cartilage formation, as well as for the repair of tissue interfaces, etc. Various types of natural and synthetic materials have been applied for manufacturing medical devices in order to treat tissue injuries or diseases.

Through the collection of papers in this Special Issue, the design ideas, preparation processes, and applications of electrospun fibers and materials will be integrated to provide innovative ideas in the field of tissue repair, replacement, and regeneration, offering valuable opinions for academic development and further clinical treatment. This Special Issue will be a collection of 10–15 peer-reviewed contributions that present original breakthrough research, comprehensive reviews, perspectives, or highlights to advance the frontier of the development of electrospun fibers and materials and their unique applications in tissue repair, replacement, and regeneration.

Dr. Jiajia Xue
Prof. Dr. Tong Wu
Prof. Dr. Shixuan Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Biomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electrospinning
  • nanofibers
  • materials
  • biomedical scaffold
  • tissue repair
  • tissue replacement
  • regenerative medicine
  • tissue engineering
  • drug delivery
  • nanomedicine

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 8881 KiB  
Article
Effect of Sterilization Methods on Electrospun Scaffolds Produced from Blend of Polyurethane with Gelatin
by Vera S. Chernonosova, Ilya E. Kuzmin, Inna K. Shundrina, Mikhail V. Korobeynikov, Victor M. Golyshev, Boris P. Chelobanov and Pavel P. Laktionov
J. Funct. Biomater. 2023, 14(2), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb14020070 - 28 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1820
Abstract
Fibrous polyurethane-based scaffolds have proven to be promising materials for the tissue engineering of implanted medical devices. Sterilization of such materials and medical devices is an absolutely essential step toward their medical application. In the presented work, we studied the effects of two [...] Read more.
Fibrous polyurethane-based scaffolds have proven to be promising materials for the tissue engineering of implanted medical devices. Sterilization of such materials and medical devices is an absolutely essential step toward their medical application. In the presented work, we studied the effects of two sterilization methods (ethylene oxide treatment and electron beam irradiation) on the fibrous scaffolds produced from a polyurethane-gelatin blend. Scaffold structure and properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), a stress-loading test, and a cell viability test with human fibroblasts. Treatment of fibrous polyurethane-based materials with ethylene oxide caused significant changes in their structure (formation of glued-like structures, increase in fiber diameter, and decrease in pore size) and mechanical properties (20% growth of the tensile strength, 30% decline of the maximal elongation). All sterilization procedures did not induce any cytotoxic effects or impede the biocompatibility of scaffolds. The obtained data determined electron beam irradiation to be a recommended sterilization method for electrospun medical devices made from polyurethane-gelatin blends. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration)
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14 pages, 3349 KiB  
Article
Development and Characterization of Novel Orthodontic Adhesive Containing PCL–Gelatin–AgNPs Fibers
by Qihan Yuan, Qianqian Zhang, Xuecheng Xu, Yuqing Du, Jidong Xu, Yu Song and Yuanfei Wang
J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13(4), 303; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040303 - 16 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1671
Abstract
Enamel demineralization around brackets is a relatively common complication of fixed orthodontic treatment, which seriously affects the aesthetics of teeth. In this study, a novel orthodontic adhesive containing polycaprolactone–gelatin–silver nanoparticles (PCL–gelatin–AgNPs) composite fibers was prepared to prevent enamel demineralization of orthodontic treatment. First, [...] Read more.
Enamel demineralization around brackets is a relatively common complication of fixed orthodontic treatment, which seriously affects the aesthetics of teeth. In this study, a novel orthodontic adhesive containing polycaprolactone–gelatin–silver nanoparticles (PCL–gelatin–AgNPs) composite fibers was prepared to prevent enamel demineralization of orthodontic treatment. First, PCL–gelatin–AgNPs fibers film prepared by electrospinning was made into short fibers and added to traditional orthodontic adhesives (Transbond XT, 3M Unitek) in three different ratios to design a series of composite adhesives containing antibacterial materials. The antimicrobial performance of the control product and the three samples were then evaluated by bacterial live/dead staining, colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, tensile bond strength (TBS), and adhesive residue index (ARI) scores. The composite adhesives’ antimicrobial properties increased with the increasing content of PCL–gelatin–AgNPs short fibers. The addition of complex antimicrobial fibers to 3M Transbond XT adhesive can significantly reduce the CFU of bacterial biofilms (p < 0.05). The bacterial survival rate on the surface of the specimen decreased with the increase of PCL–gelatin–AgNPs short fibers (p < 0.05). The TBS and ARI values (n = 10) indicated that adding PCL–gelatin–AgNPs short fibers had no significant adverse effect on adhesion. Therefore, adding PCL–gelatin–AgNPs short fibers makes it possible to fabricate orthodontic adhesives with strong antibacterial properties without compromising the bonding ability, which is essential for preventing enamel demineralization around the brackets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration)
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12 pages, 2710 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Cell Adhesion and Cell Viability of the Endothelial and Fibroblast Cells on Electrospun PCL, PLGA and Coaxial Scaffolds for Production of Tissue Engineered Blood Vessel
by Morteza Bazgir, Morvarid Saeinasab, Wei Zhang, Ximu Zhang, Ka Min Tsui, Abolfazl Maasoumi Sarvestani, Subhaan Nawaz, Phil Coates, Mansour Youseffi, Jacobo Elies and Farshid Sefat
J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13(4), 282; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040282 - 8 Dec 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2179
Abstract
Endothelialization of artificial scaffolds is considered an effective strategy for increasing the efficiency of vascular transplantation. This study aimed to compare the biophysical/biocompatible properties of three different biodegradable fibrous scaffolds: Poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) alone, Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) alone (both processed using Spraybase [...] Read more.
Endothelialization of artificial scaffolds is considered an effective strategy for increasing the efficiency of vascular transplantation. This study aimed to compare the biophysical/biocompatible properties of three different biodegradable fibrous scaffolds: Poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) alone, Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) alone (both processed using Spraybase® electrospinning machine), and Coaxial scaffold where the fiber core and sheath was made of PCL and PLGA, respectively. Scaffold structural morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscope and tensile testing was used to investigate the scaffold tension resistance over time. Biocompatibility studies were carried out with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human vascular fibroblasts (HVF) for which cell viability (and cell proliferation over a 4-day period) and cell adhesion to the scaffolds were assessed by cytotoxicity assays and confocal microscopy, respectively. Our results showed that all biodegradable polymeric scaffolds are a reliable host to adhere and promote proliferation in HUVEC and HVF cells. In particular, PLGA membranes performed much better adhesion and enhanced cell proliferation compared to control in the absence of polymers. In addition, we demonstrate here that these biodegradable membranes present improved mechanical properties to construct potential tissue-engineered vascular graft. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration)
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15 pages, 2898 KiB  
Article
Morphology of Biomaterials Affect O-Glycosylation of HUVECs
by Xingyou Hu, Jiaoyue Sheng, Guoping Guan, Tongzhong Ju, David F. Smith and Lu Wang
J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13(4), 235; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040235 - 11 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1334
Abstract
Biomaterials have been widely used as substitutes for diseased tissue in surgery and have gained great success and attention. At present, the biocompatibility of biomaterials such as PET woven fabrics is often evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. However, the current experimental [...] Read more.
Biomaterials have been widely used as substitutes for diseased tissue in surgery and have gained great success and attention. At present, the biocompatibility of biomaterials such as PET woven fabrics is often evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. However, the current experimental methods cannot reveal the relationship between material surfaces and cell adhesion, and few research works have focused on the mechanisms of how the surface morphology of biomaterials affects cell adhesion and proliferation. Thus, it is meaningful to find out how the altered surfaces could affect cell adhesion and growth. In this study, we employed Ar low-temperature plasma treatment technology to create nano-grooves on the warp yarn of PET woven fabrics and seeded human umbellar vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on these fabrics. We then assessed the O-glycan and N-glycan profiles of the cells grown on different structures of the polyester woven fabrics. The result showed that the surface morphology of polyester woven fabrics could affect the O-glycan profile but not the N-glycan profile of cultured HUVEC. Taken together, the study describes the effects of the surface morphology of biomaterial on the biosynthesis of cellular glycans and may provide new insights into the design and manufacture of biomaterials used as blood vessels based on the expression profiles of O-glycans on cultured cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration)
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19 pages, 3311 KiB  
Article
On-Demand Release of Fucoidan from a Multilayered Nanofiber Patch for the Killing of Oral Squamous Cancer Cells and Promotion of Epithelial Regeneration
by Yingnan Liu, Yingjie Xu, Xiaopei Zhang, Na Liu, Beibei Cong, Yu Sun, Mingxia Guo, Zeyu Liu, Le Jiang, Wanchun Wang, Tong Wu and Yuanfei Wang
J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13(4), 167; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040167 - 28 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1823
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma represents 90% of all oral cancers. Recurrence prevention remains an important prognostic factor in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, and the recovery of the oral epithelium post-surgery is still a challenge. Thus, there is an urgent need to [...] Read more.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma represents 90% of all oral cancers. Recurrence prevention remains an important prognostic factor in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, and the recovery of the oral epithelium post-surgery is still a challenge. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a smart carrier material to realize the spatiotemporally controlled release of anticancer drugs, instead of multiple oral administrations, for recurrence prevention and promoting the reconstruction of injured epithelial tissues. Here, we developed a multi-layered nanofiber patch capable of the photothermal-triggered release of low-molecular-weight fucoidan (LMWF) from the sandwiched layer, together with electrospun fibers as the backing and top layers. The sandwiched layer was made of phase-change materials loaded with indocyanine green, a photosensitive dye, for the localized release of LMWF in response to near-infrared irradiation. We showed that the on-demand release of LMWF was able to kill oral cancer cells effectively. Furthermore, adding acellular dermal matrix to the top nanofiber layer improved the proliferation of human oral keratinocytes, while the hydrophobic back layer served as a barrier to prevent loss of the drug. Taken together, this study provides a feasible and smart material system for killing oral squamous cancer cells together with the recovery of oral epithelium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration)
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13 pages, 3011 KiB  
Article
Enhanced In Vitro Biocompatible Polycaprolactone/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds with Near-Field Direct-Writing Melt Electrospinning Technology
by Zhijun Chen, Yanbo Liu, Juan Huang, Han Wang, Ming Hao, Xiaodong Hu, Xiaoming Qian, Jintu Fan, Hongjun Yang and Bo Yang
J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13(4), 161; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040161 - 23 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1855
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold is a common biological material for tissue engineering, owing to its good biocompatibility, biodegradability and plasticity. However, it is not suitable for osteoblast adhesion and regeneration of bone tissue due to its non-biological activity, poor mechanical strength, slow degradation speed, [...] Read more.
Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold is a common biological material for tissue engineering, owing to its good biocompatibility, biodegradability and plasticity. However, it is not suitable for osteoblast adhesion and regeneration of bone tissue due to its non-biological activity, poor mechanical strength, slow degradation speed, smooth surface and strong hydrophobicity. To improve the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of PCL scaffold, the PCL/nHA scaffolds were prepared by melting and blending different proportions of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) with PCL by the near-field direct-writing melt electrospinning technology in this study. The morphology, porosity, mechanical properties and in vitro biocompatibility of the PCL/nHA scaffolds were studied. The results showed that when the proportion of nHA was less than or equal to 25%, PCL/nHA composite scaffolds were easily formed in which bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells proliferated successfully. When the proportion of nHA was 15%, the PCL/nHA composite scaffolds had excellent structural regularity, good fiber uniformity, outstanding mechanical stability and superior biocompatibility. The PCL/nHA composite scaffolds were ideal scaffold materials, which would broaden their applications for bone tissue engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration)
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12 pages, 2765 KiB  
Article
Injectable, Anti-Cancer Drug-Eluted Chitosan Microspheres against Osteosarcoma
by Jiebing Zhao, Hao Tian, Fusheng Shang, Tao Lv, Dagui Chen and Jianjun Feng
J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13(3), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13030091 - 10 Jul 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1852
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to fabricate different anti-cancer drug-eluted chitosan microspheres for combination therapy of osteosarcoma. In this study, electrospray in combination with ground liquid nitrogen was utilized to manufacture the microspheres. The size of obtained chitosan microspheres was uniform, and [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study is to fabricate different anti-cancer drug-eluted chitosan microspheres for combination therapy of osteosarcoma. In this study, electrospray in combination with ground liquid nitrogen was utilized to manufacture the microspheres. The size of obtained chitosan microspheres was uniform, and the average diameter was 532 μm. The model drug release rate and biodegradation rate of chitosan microspheres could be controlled by the glutaraldehyde vapor crosslinking time. Then the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), paclitaxel (PTX), and Cis-dichlorodiammine-platinum (CDDP) eluted chitosan microspheres were prepared, and two osteosarcoma cell lines, namely, HOS and MG-63, were selected as cell models for in vitro demonstration. We found the 5-FU microspheres, PTX microspheres, and CDDP microspheres could significantly inhibit the growth and migration of both HOS and MG-63 cells. The apoptosis of both cells treated with 5-FU microspheres, PTX microspheres, and CDDP microspheres was significantly increased compared to the counterparts of control and blank groups. The anti-cancer drug-eluted chitosan microspheres show great potential for the treatment of osteosarcoma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrospun Fibers and Materials for Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration)
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