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Current Horizons in Orthopaedic Surgery: Innovations, Outcomes, and Complication Management
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Current Horizons in Orthopaedic Surgery: Innovations, Outcomes, and Complication Management

A special issue of Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (ISSN 2411-5142). This special issue belongs to the section "Functional Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 1342

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Carlo Perisano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Unit, Department of Aging, Orthopedic and Rheumatologic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: trauma surgery; orthopedic; hip fracture; arthroplasty; osteoporosis; bone tumors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to capture the entire cycle of musculoskeletal care, highlighting how innovations at every stage—from diagnosis to rehabilitation—can maximise functional outcomes and morphological restoration.

Diagnosis and Advanced Imaging:
We welcome contributions demonstrating how advanced imaging technologies (e.g., weight-bearing CT, 3D MRI, SPECT-CT, and dynamic ultrasound) enhance our understanding of both structure and movement, enabling more precise diagnoses that account for biomechanics in motion.

Surgical Innovation and Biomechanics:
We encourage submissions on surgical techniques and fixation strategies that go beyond structural repair, actively restoring joint kinematics, limb alignment, and soft tissue function. An emphasis will be placed on interventions that support early mobility, consider muscle and tendon integrity, and optimise overall motor recovery. 

Multidisciplinary Care and Rehabilitation:
Functional success depends on a team-based, integrative approach. We invite research on accelerated rehabilitation protocols, sensor-assisted movement analysis, postoperative performance monitoring, and effective pain management. Studies that demonstrate how anatomical correction translates into real-world functional improvement are particularly encouraged.

For this Special Issue, we welcome original research articles and systematic reviews that bridge innovation—diagnostic, surgical, or rehabilitative—and quantifiable functional and morphological outcomes. We particularly welcome studies and reviews addressing prosthetic revisions and the management of surgical complications. Contributions that provide evidence-based insights into functional outcomes, biomechanical considerations, and rehabilitation strategies in these challenging scenarios are also highly encouraged.

While we encourage submissions from any orthopaedic subspecialty, the focus should remain on high-quality, evidence-based work that can enhance our understanding of musculoskeletal form, function, and patient performance.

Dr. Carlo Perisano
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • musculoskeletal disease
  • diagnostic Imaging Innovations
  • biomechanics
  • orthopedic procedures
  • rehabilitation
  • reoperation-related complication as treatment outcomes
  • postoperative complications
  • functional recovery/return to sport
  • reconstructive surgical procedures

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 881 KB  
Article
High Tibial Osteotomy for Knee Osteoarthritis with Genu Varum: A Retrospective, Observational Study
by Ana Ramos, Jordi Zafra and Jordi Villalba
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2026, 11(1), 129; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk11010129 - 23 Mar 2026
Viewed by 342
Abstract
Background: High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a joint-preserving alternative for patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA), although its use has declined in recent decades in favor of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to evaluate HTO outcomes in patients treated at [...] Read more.
Background: High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a joint-preserving alternative for patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA), although its use has declined in recent decades in favor of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to evaluate HTO outcomes in patients treated at a tertiary center over the past decade. Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study of patients with medial femorotibial KOA and genu varum who underwent HTO. Failure was defined as conversion to TKA. A comparative analysis regarding HTO survival was conducted with preoperative variables and KOA stages in the follow-ups up to 5 years. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were built to assess their effect on HTO survival time. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate overall and subgroup survival. Disease progression over time was evaluated with the Bhapkar test. In all cases, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: HTO was successful in 74.6% of the 63 patients. Age was significantly higher in the failure group (p = 0.006), and each additional year increased the hazard of failure by 8% (95% CI, 1.01–1.16, p = 0.033), although this significance was lost in multivariate analysis (p = 0.104). Kaplan–Meier estimated survival was 76.7% at 5 years, with a median survival time of 10.1 years. KOA stage progression was significant 5 years after HTO (p < 0.001). Conclusions: HTO demonstrated 76.7% survival at 5 years, with radiographic KOA progression over time. The association between age and failure was not maintained after multivariable adjustment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Horizons in Orthopaedic Surgery: Innovations, Outcomes, and Complication Management)
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17 pages, 1529 KB  
Article
A 3D-Printed Home-Based Arthroscopic Simulator Improves Basic Surgical Skills: A Prospective Comparative Multicentre Study
by Marco Montemagno, Luigi Zaffarana, Flora Maria Chiara Panvini, Ludovico Lucenti, Alessandra Di Nora, Egidio Avarotti, Angelo Di Giunta, Gianluca Testa and Vito Pavone
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2026, 11(1), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk11010126 - 21 Mar 2026
Viewed by 237
Abstract
Objectives: Arthroscopic surgery requires complex visuospatial coordination and psychomotor skills, which are traditionally acquired through mentorship and cadaveric training. High-fidelity simulators are effective but often costly and inaccessible. This study evaluates the technical effectiveness of a novel home-based 3D-printed arthroscopic simulator (“Arthrozero”) [...] Read more.
Objectives: Arthroscopic surgery requires complex visuospatial coordination and psychomotor skills, which are traditionally acquired through mentorship and cadaveric training. High-fidelity simulators are effective but often costly and inaccessible. This study evaluates the technical effectiveness of a novel home-based 3D-printed arthroscopic simulator (“Arthrozero”) for improving basic arthroscopic skills among orthopedic residents. Methods: Thirty-three orthopedic residents (25–36 years) from two Italian university centers were randomized into three groups: ZERO (Arthrozero training), ARTHRO (real arthroscope training), and CONTROL (theoretical session). Training was performed on a FAST-like workstation through four progressively complex tasks. Performance metrics included task completion time, number of looks down, and skill progression during a final Shoulder Challenge (SHO-CHA) assessment. A web-based Likert questionnaire evaluated participant satisfaction and perceived educational value. Results: Both ZERO and ARTHRO groups demonstrated significant improvement across training sessions (p < 0.05) for all tasks, while the CONTROL group showed minimal gains. In the SHO-CHA assessment, mean completion times were 394.1 ± 140.7 s (ZERO), 456.1 ± 123.2 s (ARTHRO), and 745.5 ± 190.7 s (CONTROL) (p < 0.01). No significant difference was observed between ZERO and ARTHRO groups (p = 0.276). Conclusions: The home-based Arthrozero simulator demonstrated improvements in basic arthroscopic skill performance, suggesting that it may represent an accessible training tool to support early arthroscopic skill acquisition alongside traditional training methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Horizons in Orthopaedic Surgery: Innovations, Outcomes, and Complication Management)
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Review

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11 pages, 1244 KB  
Review
Risk of Total Ankle Arthroplasty or Ankle Fusion Following Distal Tibial Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Tommaso Greco, Chiara Comisi, Antonio Mascio, Federico Moretti, Virginia Cinelli, Francesco Farine, Victor Valderrabano, Giulio Maccauro and Carlo Perisano
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2026, 11(1), 79; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk11010079 - 16 Feb 2026
Viewed by 467
Abstract
Background: Distal tibial fractures (DTFs) are a major cause of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). The risk of conversion to total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) or ankle fusion (AF) after DTFs remains unclear, and the current literature provides heterogeneous and often incomplete data. The aim [...] Read more.
Background: Distal tibial fractures (DTFs) are a major cause of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). The risk of conversion to total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) or ankle fusion (AF) after DTFs remains unclear, and the current literature provides heterogeneous and often incomplete data. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the incidence of TAA and AF following DTF-related PTOA and to explore potential predictors of conversion, including initial treatment strategy. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The PICO framework was applied during the study design and literature search phase to define the research question and eligibility criteria. Studies reporting adult patients with a history of DTFs who later developed PTOA and underwent TAA or AF were included. Descriptive statistics were performed. Study-level proportions of conversion to TAA, AF, or both were analyzed using random-effects meta-analysis with logit transformation. Results: Eight studies comprising 190,383 fractures met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 31,269 patients underwent TAA or AF, corresponding to a conversion rate of 16.4%. The pooled conversion incidence from the random-effects model was 5.6%, with considerable heterogeneity (I2 ≈ 100%). When procedures were analyzed separately, the pooled incidence was 0.25% for TAA and 0.76% for AF. Conclusions: The risk of conversion to TAA or AF after DTFs appears to be relatively low, despite the high prevalence of PTOA. The higher conversion rate observed in surgically treated fractures likely reflects the complexity of the initial fracture rather than the failure of surgical management itself. Level IV, systematic review of retrospective studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Horizons in Orthopaedic Surgery: Innovations, Outcomes, and Complication Management)
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