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Evolution and Ecology of Crustaceans and Their Applications
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Evolution and Ecology of Crustaceans and Their Applications

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 9576

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Taewon Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Marine Zoology Lab., Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
2. Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
Interests: antarctica; amphipods; anthropogenic stressors; barnacles; behavioral ecology; biomimetics; crab; deep sea; exoskeleton; hydrothermal vent; marine invertebrates; physiological adaptation; vibroacoustics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Crustaceans are an incredibly diverse and expansive group of aquatic animals, with adaptations that have allowed them to thrive in a variety of environments. While insects have found success on land, crustaceans have demonstrated their adaptability even in extreme environments, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents and polar regions. Their potential applications in fields such as environmental monitoring, biomedical science, food, aquariums, and cosmetics are vast. By studying how these animals have expanded their habitats and the mechanisms, functions, and biomaterials they employ, we can gain valuable insights and apply them to future technological advancements. This Special Issue welcomes not only basic scientists studying the taxonomy, physiology, behavior, or ecology of crustaceans, but also pioneers who apply crustaceans to new and diverse fields. Its aim is to foster new insights and encourage collaboration and interdisciplinary interactions between experts in crustacean research.

Dr. Taewon Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • arthropods
  • bioinspiration
  • biomimetics
  • crustacea
  • extremophiles
  • genetic diversity
  • identification
  • microbiomes
  • phylogeny
  • speciation
  • stable isotope

Published Papers (7 papers)

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15 pages, 10371 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Properties, Tissue Structure, and Elemental Composition of the Walking Leg Tips of Coconut Crabs
by Tadanobu Inoue, Shin-ichiro Oka and Takanobu Hiroto
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(4), 639; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12040639 - 10 Apr 2024
Viewed by 548
Abstract
The coconut crab, Birgus latro, has black protrusions on the tops of its walking legs and claw fingers. In addition, there are regularly aligned small black protrusions on parts of the exoskeleton surface of the claws and leg. In this study, the [...] Read more.
The coconut crab, Birgus latro, has black protrusions on the tops of its walking legs and claw fingers. In addition, there are regularly aligned small black protrusions on parts of the exoskeleton surface of the claws and leg. In this study, the elemental composition, crystal structure, tissue structure, and mechanical properties of these protrusions were studied using a materials science approach, and the results were compared with those of mineralized cuticle. These leg tips were found to be a non-calcified fibrous tissue of α-chitin connected to the mineralized cuticle. The tip of the second walking leg was elongated and had a pointed shape with an oval cavity at its center that was more than 1000 times larger than the pore tubes (100–350 nm) of the mineralized cuticle. It was very soft, with a hardness of 0.4 GPa, corresponding to 11–12% of the hardness of the hard exocuticle and 55–57% of the hardness of the soft endocuticle. The elastic modulus of 8.0 GPa obtained by means of nanoindentation testing was consistent with that of α-chitin fibers of shrimp shells obtained by means of tensile testing. These soft protrusions provide a secure grip on the surfaces of trees or rocks and protect the claw fingertips. It was concluded that the black protrusions are related to a unique ecological (engaging in vertical movements, entering and exiting limestone caves, and escape behavior) aspect of the coconut crab, the largest terrestrial crustacean. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution and Ecology of Crustaceans and Their Applications)
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13 pages, 2386 KiB  
Article
New Species of Eupelte (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the East Sea, with Notes on the Zoogeography of the Genus
by Sung Joon Song and Sang-kyu Lee
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(4), 530; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12040530 - 23 Mar 2024
Viewed by 598
Abstract
A new species of the genus Eupelte Claus, 1860, was obtained from the algal bed bottom in Dokdo Island, East Sea of Korea, using a light trap. Specimens of both sexes of the Korean new species are described in detail and compared with [...] Read more.
A new species of the genus Eupelte Claus, 1860, was obtained from the algal bed bottom in Dokdo Island, East Sea of Korea, using a light trap. Specimens of both sexes of the Korean new species are described in detail and compared with its congeners. The present species, Eupelte dokdoensis sp. nov., is closely similar to E. aurulenta Wells and Rao, 1987, found in algal sands from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and E. setacauda Monk, 1941, collected from seaweeds in the Californian coast of the USA. These species share the body length (0.5–07 mm), the nine-segmented A1, the setation of the first and second endopodal segments of P1 (one and four setae), P4 exp-3 with three inner setae, and enp-3 of P2–P4 with five setae in both sexes. The new species can be readily discernable from the previous two species by the short rostrum with a serrate distal margin, the shape of the maxillipedal basis, the setation and surface ornamentation of P1 enp-2 (covered with long setules), the exp-3 of P3 and P4 with thicker middle inner seta, and the setation of female and male P5 exopod and baseoendopod (six and six, four and two setae, respectively). In addition, the zoogeography of the valid species of the genus Eupelte is briefly discussed, and a diagnostic key to the females of the species is provided. Eupelte dokdoensis sp. nov. described herein is the first report of the genus from Korean waters and is the fourteenth member of the genus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution and Ecology of Crustaceans and Their Applications)
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14 pages, 4628 KiB  
Article
The First Record of Ocypode sinensis (Decapoda: Ocypodidae) from the Korean Peninsula: How the Complete Mitochondrial Genome Elucidates the Divergence History of Ghost Crabs
by Da-In Kim, Sook-Jin Jang and Taewon Kim
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(12), 2348; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122348 - 12 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1010
Abstract
Ghost crabs, as a species of the Ocypode within the subfamily Ocypodinae, are distributed in the upper intertidal zone worldwide and are ecologically remarkable. They play an important role in the energy circulation in the intertidal zone and are used as an ecological [...] Read more.
Ghost crabs, as a species of the Ocypode within the subfamily Ocypodinae, are distributed in the upper intertidal zone worldwide and are ecologically remarkable. They play an important role in the energy circulation in the intertidal zone and are used as an ecological indicator to predict the impacts of environmental change or anthropogenic activities on the marine ecosystem. In this study, we provide the first evidence for the distribution of O. sinensis in Jeju Island and the southern coastal area on the Korean Peninsula. We generated a high-fidelity mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) for the species. The mitogenome was assembled into a circular chromosome of 15,589 bp, including 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and twenty-two transfer RNA genes. High genetic variation compared with closely related species enabled the precise reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships and an estimation of the divergence times among the Ocypode species. The phylogenetic inference indicated that O. sinensis forms a monophyletic clade with O. cordimanus and diverged from ancestral species approximately 20.41 million years ago. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution and Ecology of Crustaceans and Their Applications)
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26 pages, 5373 KiB  
Article
Population Characteristics of the Mud Shrimp Upogebia major (De Haan, 1841) (Decapoda: Gebiidea: Upogebiidae) on Korean Tidal Flats in the Eastern Yellow Sea
by Sungtae Kim, Cheol Yu, Chae-Lin Lee, Sukhyun Nam and Jae-Sang Hong
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(12), 2304; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122304 - 05 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1115
Abstract
The population parameters of the ecologically important mud shrimp Upogebia major (De Haan, 1841) were analyzed from 2012 to 2015 in tidal flats in Seonjaedo and Jugyo on the west coast of Korea. The shrimp density averaged 265/m2 in Seonjaedo and 118/m [...] Read more.
The population parameters of the ecologically important mud shrimp Upogebia major (De Haan, 1841) were analyzed from 2012 to 2015 in tidal flats in Seonjaedo and Jugyo on the west coast of Korea. The shrimp density averaged 265/m2 in Seonjaedo and 118/m2 in Jugyo. The sex ratio varied monthly, often male-biased, and, by size, males were significantly dominant, with a carapace length (CL) over 30 mm. Although the shrimp settled almost annually, only a single size-group was observed from 2012 to 2014. The recruitment in Jugyo in 2014 was notably successful, resulting in two cohorts persisting until 2015. Many shrimp were parasitized at varying local rates: 6.0% in Seonjaedo and 37.1% in Jugyo. The growth curves revealed that the shrimp grew annually after settlement, reaching CLs of 11.90, 18.24, and 23.02 mm in Seonjaedo and 13.73, 20.86, and 25.82 mm in Jugyo. Annual mortality was 77.2% in Seonjaedo and 67.4% in Jugyo. The estimated lifespan (tmax) was 10 years in Seonjaedo and 8 years in Jugyo, whereas the 2010 cohort in Jugyo largely disappeared in 5 years. Ovigerous females appeared from November to June and benthic juveniles between June and September. The shrimps’ growth was slower relative to other East Asian populations, likely due to colder sea water temperatures and altered food conditions from a higher shrimp density. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution and Ecology of Crustaceans and Their Applications)
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9 pages, 2115 KiB  
Article
Seasonal Algal Host Shifts of the Symbiotic Amphipod Ceinina japonica Stephensen, 1933 (Amphipoda: Eophliantidae) in the Sea of Japan (East Sea)
by Tadashi Kawai
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(12), 2263; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122263 - 29 Nov 2023
Viewed by 750
Abstract
The phenology of the alga-dwelling amphipod Ceinina japonica Stephensen, 1933 (Amphipoda: Eophliantidae) was studied at Rishiri Island, Hokkaido, Japan, from May 2016 to March 2017. Seasonal shifting between the host algal species was confirmed through observations at a coastal field site and a [...] Read more.
The phenology of the alga-dwelling amphipod Ceinina japonica Stephensen, 1933 (Amphipoda: Eophliantidae) was studied at Rishiri Island, Hokkaido, Japan, from May 2016 to March 2017. Seasonal shifting between the host algal species was confirmed through observations at a coastal field site and a nearby aquaculture facility for kelp. Amphipods mainly occurred in the farmed biennial kelp Saccharina japonica var. ochotensis and wild algae Undaria pinnatifida, with Agarum clathratum, Costaria costata, Saccharina cichorioides, and Sargassum boreale as new host algal records. Amphipods occurred in sporophytes of U. pinnatifida at the field site from February to March and from May to July, but they were found in the kelp of S. j. var. ochotensis during the rest of the year, from August to the following January. Individuals of C. japonica infected sporophytes of the large brown alga Undaria pinnatifida from February to July, and C. japonica reproduced from July to September, a period during which the amphipods switch to a different host in July, the sporophytes of the saccharinan kelp S. j. var. ochotensis, where they stay until January. The amphipods then switched back to U. pinnatifida in January or February. Experimental evidence from a kelp-culturing facility also confirmed the timing of this host shift. The removal of U. pinnatifida from algal culture ropes in such facilities is suggested as a method to prevent amphipod damage, which is important for commercially farmed S. j. var. ochotensis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution and Ecology of Crustaceans and Their Applications)
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11 pages, 3182 KiB  
Article
A Hybrid Design for the Functional Assay of LvLRRm (Protein Containing LRR Domain) of the White Leg Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
by Jaemin Cho, Wooyong Lee, Taewon Kim and Beomseok Park
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(12), 2257; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122257 - 29 Nov 2023
Viewed by 831
Abstract
In the crustacean immune system, leucine-rich repeat (LRR) is one of the major structures for recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). LRR domain-containing proteins belong to the LRR family, which is a large group of proteins with more than 6000 genes in the database. [...] Read more.
In the crustacean immune system, leucine-rich repeat (LRR) is one of the major structures for recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). LRR domain-containing proteins belong to the LRR family, which is a large group of proteins with more than 6000 genes in the database. They are involved in very diverse physiological functions, mainly by interacting with other proteins. In a previous study, the LvLRRm, a transmembrane protein containing only LRR domain, was identified in the white leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Its versatile role in performing multiple immunomodulation activities has been reported. However, there is still a lack of research on its efficient function at the protein level. To investigate its interactions with other proteins, we applied a convenient method called the ‘Hybrid LRR technique’ to produce a recombinant LvLRRm. The LvLRRm and hagfish’s variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) fragments were fused to the conserved LxxLxLxxN motif while retaining the β-strand. In addition, we established interactions between hybrid proteins and the flagellin of Salmonella typhimurium by performing surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis. The results of the SPR analysis demonstrated notable affinity for both LvLRRm and hybrid proteins towards Salmonella flagellin. The designed LvLRRm hybrid proteins bring insight for universal applications without losing protein functions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution and Ecology of Crustaceans and Their Applications)
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11 pages, 2528 KiB  
Article
Eye Movement Reflexes Indicate the Homing Direction in the Path-Integrating Fiddler Crab, Uca pugilator
by Ruma Chatterji and John E. Layne
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(9), 1719; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11091719 - 31 Aug 2023
Viewed by 2054
Abstract
As animals execute essential behaviors like foraging, they must orient with respect to the space around them, requiring some neural/behavioral mechanism for spatial navigation. One such navigation mechanism is path integration, whereby animals recall their starting point by creating a memory-stored home vector. [...] Read more.
As animals execute essential behaviors like foraging, they must orient with respect to the space around them, requiring some neural/behavioral mechanism for spatial navigation. One such navigation mechanism is path integration, whereby animals recall their starting point by creating a memory-stored home vector. In some animals, this is stored in an egocentric frame of reference; however, it remains unclear what comprises this in animals’ spatial memory. The fiddler crab Uca pugilator makes an excellent model to investigate the nature of the egocentric frame of reference because they appear to path integrate using self-motion cues to form an egocentric vector. We hypothesized that the home vector direction is governed by the optokinetic system, since the eye–body angle explicitly reflects the deviation of the body axis from home direction as optokinetic eye movements stabilize the eyes against body rotation. To test this hypothesis, we monitored eye and body movements during foraging excursions of crabs showing varying degrees of visual stabilization. We found that crabs with good eye stability had more accurate home vectors than those with poor eye stability, and the quantitative degree of stability accurately predicted the crabs’ perception of home direction. These results suggest that eye movement reflexes may establish the homing direction in path integrating fiddler crabs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution and Ecology of Crustaceans and Their Applications)
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