Molecular Biology of Mushroom

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungal Genomics, Genetics and Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 November 2025 | Viewed by 2318

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Medicinal Biosciences, Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si 27478, Republic of Korea
Interests: fermentation; bioactive compounds; applied microbiology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mushrooms have long been used as food and medicinal ingredients and are an excellent model for biological research.  However, many mushrooms' basic biology and genetics are poorly understood. Fortunately, with the development of various molecular biology technologies, the biological properties of mushrooms that were not understood until now are gradually being revealed, and the various uses of mushrooms are attracting attention. Recently, Omics-based research on various mushrooms has been actively conducted, and the veil on mushrooms is gradually lifted. Through this, the biological characteristics of mushrooms and their genetic characteristics are being revealed. In addition, many mushrooms produce toxins, and their medical uses are also receiving attention. 

In this Special Issue, we invite you to participate in introducing the latest achievements in the field of molecular biology of mushrooms. This will not only be helpful to researchers in various fields researching mushrooms but will also contribute to the development of related research fields.

Dr. Young-Jin Park
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • molecular biology
  • genetics
  • genomics
  • transcriptomics
  • medicinal uses
  • metabolism and metabolites
  • evolution
  • fruiting body development
  • genome editing
  • phylogeny

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 7281 KiB  
Article
Decoding the Tissue-Specific Profiles of Bioactive Compounds in Helvella leucopus Using Combined Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Approaches
by Qian Zhou, Xusheng Gao, Junxia Ma, Haoran Zhao, Dan Gao and Huixin Zhao
J. Fungi 2025, 11(3), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11030205 - 6 Mar 2025
Viewed by 607
Abstract
Helvella leucopus, an endangered wild edible fungus, is renowned for its distinct health benefits and nutritional profile, with notable differences in the bioactive and nutritional properties between its cap and stipe. To investigate the molecular basis of these tissue-specific variations, we conducted [...] Read more.
Helvella leucopus, an endangered wild edible fungus, is renowned for its distinct health benefits and nutritional profile, with notable differences in the bioactive and nutritional properties between its cap and stipe. To investigate the molecular basis of these tissue-specific variations, we conducted integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Metabolomic profiling showed that the cap is particularly rich in bioactive compounds, including sterols and alkaloids, while the stipe is abundant in essential nutrients, such as glycerophospholipids and amino acids. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a higher expression of genes involved in sterol biosynthesis (ERG1, ERG3, ERG6) and energy metabolism (PGK1, ENO1, PYK1) in the cap, suggesting a more active metabolic profile in this tissue. Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted tissue-specific metabolic pathways, including riboflavin metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, as key contributors to the unique functional properties of the cap and stipe. A detailed biosynthetic pathway network further illustrated how these pathways contribute to the production of crucial bioactive and nutritional compounds, such as sterols, alkaloids, linoleic acid derivatives, glycerophospholipids, and amino acids, in each tissue. These findings provide significant insights into the molecular mechanisms behind the health-promoting properties of the cap and the nutritional richness of the stipe, offering a theoretical foundation for utilizing H. leucopus in functional food development and broadening our understanding of bioactive and nutritional distribution in edible fungi. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology of Mushroom)
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19 pages, 2969 KiB  
Article
Haplotype-Phased Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Cryptoporus qinlingensis, a Typical Traditional Chinese Medicine Fungus
by Yu Song, Ming Zhang, Yu-Ying Liu, Minglei Li, Xiuchao Xie and Jianzhao Qi
J. Fungi 2025, 11(2), 163; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11020163 - 19 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 521
Abstract
This study presents the first comprehensive genomic analysis of Cryptoporus qinlingensis, a classical folk medicine and newly identified macrofungus from the Qinling Mountains. Utilizing advanced sequencing technologies, including PacBio HiFi and Hi-C, we achieved a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly. The genome, sized [...] Read more.
This study presents the first comprehensive genomic analysis of Cryptoporus qinlingensis, a classical folk medicine and newly identified macrofungus from the Qinling Mountains. Utilizing advanced sequencing technologies, including PacBio HiFi and Hi-C, we achieved a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly. The genome, sized at 39.1 Mb, exhibits a heterozygosity of 0.21% and contains 21.2% repetitive sequences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a recent divergence of C. qinlingensis from Dichomitus squalens approximately 212.26 million years ago (MYA), highlighting the rapid diversification within the Polyporaceae family. Comparative genomic studies indicate significant gene family contraction in C. qinlingensis, suggesting evolutionary adaptations. The identification of a tetrapolar mating system, along with the analysis of CAZymes and P450 genes, underscores the genomic complexity and ecological adaptability of this species. Furthermore, the discovery of 30 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) related to secondary metabolites, including polyketide synthase (PKS), non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS), and terpene synthesis enzymes, opens new avenues for exploring bioactive compounds with potential medicinal applications. This research not only enriches our understanding of the Cryptoporus genus but also provides a valuable foundation for future studies aiming to harness the therapeutic potential of C. qinlingensis and to further explore its ecological and evolutionary significance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology of Mushroom)
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20 pages, 17936 KiB  
Article
Genome Sequencing Providing Molecular Evidence of Tetrapolar Mating System and Heterothallic Life Cycle for Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Polyporus umbellatus Fr.
by Shoujian Li, Youyan Liu, Liu Liu, Bing Li and Shunxing Guo
J. Fungi 2025, 11(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11010015 - 28 Dec 2024
Viewed by 816
Abstract
Polyporus umbellatus is a species whose sclerotia have been extensively employed in traditional Chinese medicine, which has diuretic, antitumor, anticancer, and immune system enhancement properties. However, prolonged asexual reproduction has resulted in significant homogenization and degeneration of seed sclerotia. In contrast, sexual reproduction [...] Read more.
Polyporus umbellatus is a species whose sclerotia have been extensively employed in traditional Chinese medicine, which has diuretic, antitumor, anticancer, and immune system enhancement properties. However, prolonged asexual reproduction has resulted in significant homogenization and degeneration of seed sclerotia. In contrast, sexual reproduction has emerged as an effective strategy to address these challenges, with a distinct mating system serving as the foundation for the implementation of sexual breeding. This study presents the first sequencing and assembly of the genome of P. umbellatus, thereby providing an opportunity to investigate the mating system at the genomic level. Based on the annotated mating-type loci within the genome, monokaryotic offspring exhibiting different mating-types were identified. Through the integration of traditional mating tests, the tetrapolar mating system of P. umbellatus was distinctly elucidated. The resequencing of monokaryotic strains with four different mating-types, along with comparative analyses of mating-type loci, revealed the HD1 and HD2 (HD, homeodomain) genes determined the mating A types, and the PR4, PR5, and PR6 (PR, pheromone receptor) genes determined the mating B types. Meanwhile, this study offers a successful case study in the molecular investigation of mating systems. Additionally, the number of sterigma and basidiospores on each basidium was examined using scanning electron microscopy, while the nuclei of basidiospores and basidia at various developmental stages were analyzed through DAPI staining. This research clarifies the heterothallic life cycle of P. umbellatus. The findings of this study are expected to facilitate advancements in genetic research, breeding development, strain improvement, and the industry of P. umbellatus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology of Mushroom)
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