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Fungal Diseases in Europe, 2nd Edition
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Fungal Diseases in Europe, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungal Pathogenesis and Disease Control".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2024) | Viewed by 4888

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Maricela Valerio Minero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
2. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
Interests: invasive fungal infections; solid organ transplant; endocarditis; aspergillosis; antifungal stewardship
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fungal infections continue to pose a diagnostic and treatment challenge to clinicians and microbiologists worldwide. In recent years, there has been an increase in fungal infections, a change in risk factors and the emergence of antifungal-resistant pathogens. At the same time, in the diagnostic field, new independent culture techniques have been developed. For this reason, we are dedicating this Special Issue of the journal to review the latest research in the field of fungal infection in Europe.

We are looking forward to receiving original submissions of manuscripts from all over Europe, dealing with new risk factors associated with the development of fungal infection, fungal infection in special patient populations, the emergence of new antifungal resistant strains and description of outbreaks, the application of new diagnostic techniques and real-life studies describing clinical experience with new antifungals.

Dr. Maricela Valerio Minero
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • invasive fungal infections
  • epidemiology diagnosis
  • Europe

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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12 pages, 768 KiB  
Article
Fungal Infections and Colonization after Bilateral Lung Transplant: A Six-Year Single-Center Experience
by Annalisa Boscolo, Annamaria Cattelan, Serena Marinello, Francesca Medici, Giovanni Pettenon, Sabrina Congedi, Nicolò Sella, Nicolò Presa, Elisa Pistollato, Stefano Silvestrin, Martina Biscaro, Luisa Muraro, Arianna Peralta, Maria Mazzitelli, Andrea Dell’Amore, Federico Rea and Paolo Navalesi
J. Fungi 2024, 10(1), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10010080 - 19 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1486
Abstract
Fungal infections (FIs) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality within the first year of lung transplant (LT) in LT recipients (LTRs). Their prompt identification and treatment are crucial for a favorable LTR outcome. The objectives of our study were [...] Read more.
Fungal infections (FIs) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality within the first year of lung transplant (LT) in LT recipients (LTRs). Their prompt identification and treatment are crucial for a favorable LTR outcome. The objectives of our study were to assess (i) the FI incidence and colonization during the first year after a bilateral LT, (ii) the risk factors associated with FI and colonization, and (iii) the differences in fungal incidence according to the different prophylactic strategies. All bilateral LTRs admitted to the intensive care unit of Padua University Hospital were retrospectively screened, excluding patients <18 years of age, those who had been re-transplanted, and those who had received ventilation and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation before LT. Overall, 157 patients were included. A total of 13 (8%) patients developed FI, and 36 (23%) developed colonization, which was mostly due to Aspergillus spp. We did not identify independent risk factors for FI. Groups of patients receiving different prophylactic strategies reported a similar incidence of both FI and colonization. The incidence of FI and fungal colonization was 8% and 23%, respectively, with no differences between different antifungal prophylaxes or identified predisposing factors. Further studies with larger numbers are needed to confirm our results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Diseases in Europe, 2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 986 KiB  
Communication
The Gastrointestinal Tract Is Pinpointed as a Reservoir of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis Genotypes Found in Blood and Intra-Abdominal Samples
by Aina Mesquida, Marina Machado, Lorena Dávila-Cherres, Teresa Vicente, Carlos Sánchez-Carrillo, Luis Alcalá, Elena Reigadas, Patricia Muñoz, Jesús Guinea and Pilar Escribano
J. Fungi 2023, 9(7), 732; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9070732 - 6 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1775
Abstract
Background: Candida spp., as part of the microbiota, can colonise the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesised that genotyping Candida spp. isolates from the gastrointestinal tract could help spot genotypes able to cause invasive infections. Materials/methods: A total of 816 isolates of C. albicans (n [...] Read more.
Background: Candida spp., as part of the microbiota, can colonise the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesised that genotyping Candida spp. isolates from the gastrointestinal tract could help spot genotypes able to cause invasive infections. Materials/methods: A total of 816 isolates of C. albicans (n = 595), C. parapsilosis (n = 118), and C. tropicalis (n = 103) from rectal swabs (n = 754 patients) were studied. Genotyping was conducted using species-specific microsatellite markers. Rectal swab genotypes were compared with previously studied blood (n = 814) and intra-abdominal (n = 202) genotypes. Results: A total of 36/754 patients had the same Candida spp. isolated from blood cultures, intra-abdominal samples, or both; these patients had candidemia (n = 18), intra-abdominal candidiasis (n = 11), both clinical forms (n = 1), and non-significant isolation (n = 6). Genotypes matching the rectal swab and their blood cultures (84.2%) or their intra-abdominal samples (92.3%) were found in most of the significant patients. We detected 656 genotypes from rectal swabs, 88.4% of which were singletons and 11.6% were clusters. Of these 656 rectal swab genotypes, 94 (14.3%) were also detected in blood cultures and 34 (5.2%) in intra-abdominal samples. Of the rectal swab clusters, 62.7% were previously defined as a widespread genotype. Conclusions: Our study pinpoints the gastrointestinal tract as a potential reservoir of potentially invasive Candida spp. genotypes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Diseases in Europe, 2nd Edition)
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Other

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14 pages, 6153 KiB  
Systematic Review
Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis of Onychomycosis—Literature Review
by Barbara Bulińska, Magdalena Mazur-Milecka, Martyna Sławińska, Jacek Rumiński and Roman J. Nowicki
J. Fungi 2024, 10(8), 534; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10080534 - 30 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1147
Abstract
Onychomycosis is a common fungal nail infection that is difficult to diagnose due to its similarity to other nail conditions. Accurate identification is essential for effective treatment. The current gold standard methods include microscopic examination with potassium hydroxide, fungal cultures, and Periodic acid-Schiff [...] Read more.
Onychomycosis is a common fungal nail infection that is difficult to diagnose due to its similarity to other nail conditions. Accurate identification is essential for effective treatment. The current gold standard methods include microscopic examination with potassium hydroxide, fungal cultures, and Periodic acid-Schiff biopsy staining. These conventional techniques, however, suffer from high turnover times, variable sensitivity, reliance on human interpretation, and costs. This study examines the potential of integrating AI (artificial intelligence) with visualization tools like dermoscopy and microscopy to improve the accuracy and efficiency of onychomycosis diagnosis. AI algorithms can further improve the interpretation of these images. The review includes 14 studies from PubMed and IEEE databases published between 2010 and 2024, involving clinical and dermoscopic pictures, histopathology slides, and KOH microscopic images. Data extracted include study type, sample size, image assessment model, AI algorithms, test performance, and comparison with clinical diagnostics. Most studies show that AI models achieve an accuracy comparable to or better than clinicians, suggesting a promising role for AI in diagnosing onychomycosis. Nevertheless, the niche nature of the topic indicates a need for further research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Diseases in Europe, 2nd Edition)
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