Novel Challenges and Advances in Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Medicine, Cell, and Organism Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2024 | Viewed by 2382

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1. 1st Orthopaedic Department, 424 Army General Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
2. 1st Orthopaedic Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: upper limb orthopaedic surgery; arthroscopy; orthopaedic trauma

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Guest Editor
1st Orthopaedic Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: upper limb orthopaedic surgery
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the last few decades, major advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with musculoskeletal disorders and trauma have taken place. Nevertheless, implant development, diagnostics, surgical treatment, and post-operative rehabilitation are subject to change and improvement.

The aim of this Special Issue is to share the knowledge and experience of authors regarding the diagnosis and treatment within the fields of orthopaedic and trauma surgery. Submissions related to individualised patient care, evolving diagnostics, new advances in surgical techniques, surgery-assisting technologies, and advanced protocols for improved rehabilitation are welcome.

We encourage the submission of original research articles, reviews (including systematic reviews), and communications focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of orthopaedics and trauma-related disorders. Articles discussing expert consensus, recommendations, guidelines, and promising surgical techniques are also welcome.

Dr. Dimitrios Kitridis
Prof. Dr. Panagiotis Givissis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • orthopaedic surgery
  • traumatology
  • musculoskeletal disorders
  • innovation in orthopaedics
  • individualised treatment
  • post-operative rehabilitation
  • clinical research

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 4644 KiB  
Article
Synthetic 3D Spinal Vertebrae Reconstruction from Biplanar X-rays Utilizing Generative Adversarial Networks
by Babak Saravi, Hamza Eren Guzel, Alisia Zink, Sara Ülkümen, Sebastien Couillard-Despres, Jakob Wollborn, Gernot Lang and Frank Hassel
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(12), 1642; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13121642 - 24 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1450
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) offers detailed insights into the internal anatomy of patients, particularly for spinal vertebrae examination. However, CT scans are associated with higher radiation exposure and cost compared to conventional X-ray imaging. In this study, we applied a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) [...] Read more.
Computed tomography (CT) offers detailed insights into the internal anatomy of patients, particularly for spinal vertebrae examination. However, CT scans are associated with higher radiation exposure and cost compared to conventional X-ray imaging. In this study, we applied a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) framework to reconstruct 3D spinal vertebrae structures from synthetic biplanar X-ray images, specifically focusing on anterior and lateral views. The synthetic X-ray images were generated using the DRRGenerator module in 3D Slicer by incorporating segmentations of spinal vertebrae in CT scans for the region of interest. This approach leverages a novel feature fusion technique based on X2CT-GAN to combine information from both views and employs a combination of mean squared error (MSE) loss and adversarial loss to train the generator, resulting in high-quality synthetic 3D spinal vertebrae CTs. A total of n = 440 CT data were processed. We evaluated the performance of our model using multiple metrics, including mean absolute error (MAE) (for each slice of the 3D volume (MAE0) and for the entire 3D volume (MAE)), cosine similarity, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), 3D peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR-3D), and structural similarity index (SSIM). The average PSNR was 28.394 dB, PSNR-3D was 27.432, SSIM was 0.468, cosine similarity was 0.484, MAE0 was 0.034, and MAE was 85.359. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of this approach in reconstructing 3D spinal vertebrae structures from biplanar X-rays, although some limitations in accurately capturing the fine bone structures and maintaining the precise morphology of the vertebrae were present. This technique has the potential to enhance the diagnostic capabilities of low-cost X-ray machines while reducing radiation exposure and cost associated with CT scans, paving the way for future applications in spinal imaging and diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Challenges and Advances in Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery)
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7 pages, 213 KiB  
Brief Report
Inter- and Intra-Observer Variability of the AMADEUS Tool for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
by Konstantinos Tsikopoulos, Jenn Wong, Moustafa Mahmoud, Vasileios Lampridis, Perry Liu, Radoslaw Rippel and Alisdair Felstead
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(7), 749; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14070749 - 15 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Background: Managing osteochondral cartilage defects (OCDs) of the talus is a common daily challenge in orthopaedics as they predispose patients to further cartilage damage and progression to osteoarthritis. Therefore, the implementation of a reliable tool to quantify the amount of cartilage damage that [...] Read more.
Background: Managing osteochondral cartilage defects (OCDs) of the talus is a common daily challenge in orthopaedics as they predispose patients to further cartilage damage and progression to osteoarthritis. Therefore, the implementation of a reliable tool to quantify the amount of cartilage damage that is present is of the essence. Methods: We retrospectively identified 15 adult patients diagnosed with uncontained OCDs of the talus measuring <150 mm2, which were treated arthroscopically with bone marrow stimulation. Five independent assessors evaluated the pre-operative MRI scans with the AMADEUS scoring system (i.e., MR-based pre-operative assessment system) and the intra-/inter-observer variability was then calculated by means of the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Kappa (κ) statistics, respectively. In addition, the correlation between the mean AMADEUS scores and pre-operative self-reported outcomes as measured by the Manchester–Oxford foot questionnaire (MOxFQ) was assessed. Results: The mean ICC and the κ statistic were 0.82 (95% CI [0.71, 0.94]) and 0.42 (95% CI [0.25, 0.59]). The Pearson correlation coefficient was found to be r = −0.618 (p = 0.014). Conclusions: The AMADEUS tool, which was originally designed to quantify knee osteochondral defect severity prior to cartilage repair surgery, demonstrated good reliability and moderate inter-observer variability for small OCDs of the talar shoulder. Given the strong negative correlation between the AMADEUS tool and pre-operative clinical scores, this tool could be implemented in clinical practise to reliably quantify the extent of the osteochondral defects of the talus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Challenges and Advances in Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery)
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