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Life
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Mechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Aortic Diseases: 2nd Edition
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Mechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Aortic Diseases: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 963

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Edit Dósa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor Str. 68, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: endovascular therapy; carotid stenting; lower extremity interventions; restenosis predictors; venous interventions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are grateful to the researchers who contributed to the first volume of the Special Issue “Mechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Aortic Diseases” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/life/special_issues/aortic_diseases).

Many diseases can occur in the aorta. Examples of such diseases are aneurysms, dissections, stenoses/occlusions and aortitis. Each disease has its own pathomechanism, predisposing factors, clinical and radiological characteristics, and therapeutic approaches. Computed tomography (CT) angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, ultrasound and, in special cases, positron emission tomography (PET) and PET-CT play a key role in establishing diagnosis and assessing therapeutic efficacy. Due to the complexity of aortic diseases, the optimal therapy, which may be pharmacological, endovascular, open surgery or a combination thereof, is usually decided by a multidisciplinary team.

As a result of intensive experimental and clinical research, much has been unveiled in recent years about the pathomechanism of and predisposing factors for aortic diseases, but many questions remain unanswered. Significant progress has also been made in diagnostic methods and drug therapies, as well as invasive (mainly endovascular) devices. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the results of genetic, immunological, vascular, radiological and surgical research related to the pathomechanism, diagnosis and therapy of aortic diseases.

Dr. Edit Dósa
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aorta
  • aortic disease
  • aortic aneurysm
  • aortic dissection
  • penetrating aortic ulcer
  • aortic stenosis
  • arteritis
  • pathomechanism
  • diagnosis
  • pharmacological therapy
  • invasive therapy
  • endovascular therapy
  • open surgery

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 7925 KiB  
Article
Outcomes of Surgical Versus Conservative Management in Stanford Type a Aortic Dissection: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
by Irina-Anca Eremia, Mihnea-Ioan-Gabriel Popa, Cătălin-Alexandru Anghel, Teodora-Adriana Stroe, Eduard-Alexandru Eremia, Andreea Nicoleta Marinescu, Remus Iulian Nica and Silvia Nica
Life 2025, 15(3), 462; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15030462 - 14 Mar 2025
Viewed by 405
Abstract
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a critical cardiovascular emergency marked by the rupture of the aortic intima, resulting in blood infiltration into the media and the formation of a false lumen. AAD incidence varies by area, emphasizing the need for better diagnostics and [...] Read more.
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a critical cardiovascular emergency marked by the rupture of the aortic intima, resulting in blood infiltration into the media and the formation of a false lumen. AAD incidence varies by area, emphasizing the need for better diagnostics and epidemiological investigations. Bucharest University Emergency Hospital’s Emergency Department conducted this retrospective cohort analysis from May 2021 to May 2023. We examined 26 Stanford Type A aortic dissection patients to establish in-hospital mortality and one-year survival rates. The primary objective was to analyze demographic, clinical, and paraclinical factors and their impact on patient outcomes. A total of 57.7% of the study group was male and had a mean age of 58.2 years, and 69.2% of patients had hypertension, indicating its importance as a risk factor. Acute chest discomfort was reported by 53.8%, neurological problems by 30.8%, and syncope or hypotension by 42.3%. CT angiography and transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) confirmed the diagnosis and assessed dissection severity. Pericardial effusion (19.2%) and moderate to severe aortic regurgitation (26.9%) were notable. Management varied by dissection intensity and location. Emergency surgery was performed in 61.5% of patients within 24 h of diagnosis, resulting in a 12.5% in-hospital death rate. Conservatively managed patients had a 60.0% in-hospital death rate. Timely intervention is crucial, since the surgical cohort had an 87.5% one-year survival rate compared to 30% for the conservatively managed cohort. Acute renal damage (25%), protracted mechanical ventilation (31.3%), and advanced supportive care infections were postoperative sequelae. Conservative care exacerbated visceral ischemia (20%) and heart failure (10%). Advanced age and hypotension upon admission were independent mortality predictors, emphasizing the need for early risk assessment and personalized treatment. Multimodal imaging, timely surgical referral, and excellent postoperative care improve AAD outcomes, according to this study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Aortic Diseases: 2nd Edition)
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