Novel Insights into the Regulation of Plant Specialized Metabolism

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 1459

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center (KTRDC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA
Interests: plant specialized metabolism

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants synthesize over 200,000 chemically diverse specialized metabolites (SMs), which are primarily categorized into three groups: phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and alkaloids. These SMs accumulate in specific plant tissues or during particular developmental stages and play a crucial role in defending plants against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, many of these SMs possess inherent therapeutic properties that are beneficial to human health. Therefore, obtaining a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing SM biosynthesis presents a significant promise in enhancing crop productivity and the production of valuable chemicals.

SM biosynthesis can be regulated at multiple levels:

  • The transcriptional level: Transcription factors (TFs) directly target and control the expression of genes involved in the SM pathways;
  • The post-transcriptional level: Small RNAs target and modulate the abundance of transcripts encoding SM pathway enzymes;
  • The post-translational level: The activities of TFs and SM pathway enzymes can be altered through various types of modifications, such as phosphorylation.

The objective of this Special Issue is to present a compilation of original research articles and reviews in the field of SM regulation. We enthusiastically invite researchers to submit their work and perspectives to contribute to our collective understanding of this crucial topic.

Dr. Yongliang Liu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • specialized metabolites
  • regulation
  • transcription factors
  • small RNA
  • phosphorylation

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 4076 KiB  
Article
The Putative GATA Transcription Factor SbGATA22 as a Novel Regulator of Dhurrin Biosynthesis
by Viviana C. Rosati, Alicia A. Quinn, Roslyn M. Gleadow and Cecilia K. Blomstedt
Life 2024, 14(4), 470; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14040470 - 3 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Cyanogenic glucosides are specialized metabolites produced by over 3000 species of higher plants from more than 130 families. The deployment of cyanogenic glucosides is influenced by biotic and abiotic factors in addition to being developmentally regulated, consistent with their roles in plant defense [...] Read more.
Cyanogenic glucosides are specialized metabolites produced by over 3000 species of higher plants from more than 130 families. The deployment of cyanogenic glucosides is influenced by biotic and abiotic factors in addition to being developmentally regulated, consistent with their roles in plant defense and stress mitigation. Despite their ubiquity, very little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms that regulate their biosynthesis. The biosynthetic pathway of dhurrin, the cyanogenic glucoside found in the important cereal crop sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), was described over 20 years ago, and yet no direct regulator of the biosynthetic genes has been identified. To isolate regulatory proteins that bind to the promoter region of the key dhurrin biosynthetic gene of sorghum, SbCYP79A1, yeast one-hybrid screens were performed. A bait fragment containing 1204 base pairs of the SbCYP79A1 5′ regulatory region was cloned upstream of a reporter gene and introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Subsequently, the yeast was transformed with library cDNA representing RNA from two different sorghum developmental stages. From these screens, we identified SbGATA22, an LLM domain B-GATA transcription factor that binds to the putative GATA transcription factor binding motifs in the SbCYP79A1 promoter region. Transient assays in Nicotiana benthamiana show that SbGATA22 localizes to the nucleus. The expression of SbGATA22, in comparison with SbCYP79A1 expression and dhurrin concentration, was analyzed over 14 days of sorghum development and in response to nitrogen application, as these conditions are known to affect dhurrin levels. Collectively, these findings suggest that SbGATA22 may act as a negative regulator of SbCYP79A1 expression and provide a preliminary insight into the molecular regulation of dhurrin biosynthesis in sorghum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Insights into the Regulation of Plant Specialized Metabolism)
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