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Experimental and Computational Methods for Materials Characterization
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Experimental and Computational Methods for Materials Characterization

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Materials Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 5992

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mourad Bentahar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratoire d’Acoustique de l’Université du Mans (LAUM), UMR 6613, Institut d’Acoustique—Graduate School (IA-GS), CNRS, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, CEDEX 9, 72085 Le Mans, France
Interests: non-destructive evaluation of material properties; acoustics; ultrasound; ultrasonic imaging; acoustic emission; nonlinear acoustics; guided waves

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of experimental and computational analysis methods is a major challenge for materials science. The change in the behavior of a material when subjected to a given stress or temperature gradient must be well-understood in order to avoid rapid degradation and optimize the design and elaboration of materials and structures. In order to achieve this goal, different experimental and computational methods have been developed to improve the characterization and interpretation of results.

This Special Issue aims to bring together the research of young scientists and experts interested in studying the changes in physical properties (acoustical, mechanical, etc.) at different scales. Novel scientific and review articles that present new computational and/or experimental findings will therefore be considered for publication.

This Special Issue is open to scientists conducting experimental and/or numerical research in one of the fields listed below. However, this list is not exhaustive and can cover other topics that offer insights from a broader perspective on the development and implementation of:

  • Defect characterization in structural materials (composites, concrete, etc.);
  • Corrosion characterization;
  • Characterization of mechanical properties of materials;
  • Inverse techniques for materials characterization;
  • Numerical modeling for materials characterization;
  • Characterization of materials under extreme conditions;
  • Imaging techniques for materials characterization;
  • Case studies on in situ implementation;
  • Structural behavior and failure mode interpretation;
  • Use of machine/deep learning in data analysis;
  • Numerical modeling and analytical study;
  • Novel characterization methods;

New applications for in situ materials characterization.

Dr. Mourad Bentahar
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • materials characterization
  • defects
  • numerical modeling
  • finite elements
  • materials under stress
  • waves in solids
  • imaging techniques
  • data analysis
  • signal processing
  • optimization techniques
  • machine and deep learning

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4318 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Characterization of MWCNT-Reinforced Cement Paste: Experimental and Multiscale Computational Investigation
by Ioannis E. Kavvadias, Konstantinos Tsongas, Kosmas E. Bantilas, Maria G. Falara, Athanasia K. Thomoglou, Fani I. Gkountakou and Anaxagoras Elenas
Materials 2023, 16(15), 5379; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16155379 - 31 Jul 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1404
Abstract
Computational approaches could provide a viable and cost-effective alternative to expensive experiments for accurately evaluating the nonlinear constitutive behavior of cementitious nanocomposite materials. In the present study, the mechanical properties of cement paste reinforced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are examined experimentally and [...] Read more.
Computational approaches could provide a viable and cost-effective alternative to expensive experiments for accurately evaluating the nonlinear constitutive behavior of cementitious nanocomposite materials. In the present study, the mechanical properties of cement paste reinforced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are examined experimentally and numerically. A multiscale computational approach is adopted in order to verify the experimental results. For this scope, a random sequential adsorption algorithm was developed to generate non-overlapping matrix-inclusion three-dimensional (3D) representative volume elements (RVEs), considering the inclusions as straight elements. Nonlinear finite element analyses (FEA) were performed, and the homogenized elastic and inelastic mechanical properties were computed. The use of a multiscale computational approach to accurately evaluate the nonlinear constitutive behavior of cementitious materials has rarely been explored before. For this purpose, the RVEs were analyzed both in pure tension and compression. Young’s modulus as well compressive and tensile strength results were compared and eventually matched the experimental values. Moreover, the effect of MWCNTs on the nonlinear stress–strain behavior of reinforced cement paste was noted. Subsequently, three-point bending tests were conducted, and the stress–strain behavior was verified with FEA in the macro scale. The numerical modeling reveals a positive correlation between the concentration of MWCNTs and improved mechanical properties, assuming ideal dispersion. However, it also highlights the impact of practical limitations, such as imperfect dispersion and potential defects, which can deteriorate the mechanical properties that are observed in the experimental results. Among the different cases studied, that with a 0.1 wt% MWCNTs/CP composite demonstrated the closest agreement between the numerical model and the experimental measurements. The numerical model achieved the best accuracy in estimating the Young’s modulus (underestimation of 13%), compressive strength (overestimation of 1%), and tensile strength (underestimation of 6%) compared to other cases. Overall, these numerical findings contribute significantly to understanding the mechanical behavior of the nanocomposite material and offer valuable guidance for optimizing cement-based composites for engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Computational Methods for Materials Characterization)
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9 pages, 930 KiB  
Article
Study of the Structure and Infrared Spectra of LiF, LiCl and LiBr Using Density Functional Theory (DFT)
by Katarzyna Chruszcz-Lipska, Elżbieta Szostak, Krzysztof Kazimierz Zborowski and Ewa Knapik
Materials 2023, 16(15), 5353; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16155353 - 30 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1141
Abstract
The paper presents a study of the crystal structure of anhydrous halides LiF, LiCl and LiBr using density functional theory. Models composed of 125 atoms were used for this study. The theoretical values of the lattice parameters and the distribution of charges in [...] Read more.
The paper presents a study of the crystal structure of anhydrous halides LiF, LiCl and LiBr using density functional theory. Models composed of 125 atoms were used for this study. The theoretical values of the lattice parameters and the distribution of charges in the crystals were determined. Using the assumed models at the level of theory DFT/B3LYP/6-31+g*, the theoretical infrared spectra of lithium halides (LiF, LiCl and LiBr) were calculated for the first time. Additionally, measurements of experimental far-infrared (FIR) spectra were performed for these salts. All the obtained theoretical values were compared with experimental data obtained by us and those available in the literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Computational Methods for Materials Characterization)
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21 pages, 6826 KiB  
Article
Does Atmospheric Corrosion Alter the Sound Quality of the Bronze Used for Manufacturing Bells?
by Mourad Bentahar, Aline Petitmangin, Caroline Blanc, Anne Chabas, Silvio Montresor, Christophe Niclaeys, Ahmed Elbartali, Denis Najjar, Romain Duccini, Mathieu Jean, Sophie Nowak, Rémy Pires-Brazuna and Pierre Dubot
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4763; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134763 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1092
Abstract
Bells are made of bronze, an alloy of copper and tin. Art objects and musical instruments belong to tangible and intangible heritage. The effect of atmospheric alteration on their sound is not well documented. To address this question, alteration cycles of bronze specimens [...] Read more.
Bells are made of bronze, an alloy of copper and tin. Art objects and musical instruments belong to tangible and intangible heritage. The effect of atmospheric alteration on their sound is not well documented. To address this question, alteration cycles of bronze specimens are performed in a chamber reproducing a realistic polluted coastal atmosphere. The corrosion layers are characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry. The buried interface of the film (alloy-layer interface) is formed by a thin, adherent and micro-cracked layer, mainly composed of sulfates, copper oxide and chloride, on top of tin corrosion products. Near the atmosphere-film interface, less adherent irregular clusters of soot, calcite, gypsum and halite developed. Through these observations, an alteration scenario is proposed. To correlate the bronze corrosion effect on the bell sound, linear and nonlinear resonance experiments are performed on the corroded bronze specimens, where resonance parameters are monitored as a function of increasing driving force using a shaker. Results show that the corrosion effect on the acoustic properties can be monitored through the evolution of the acoustic nonlinear parameters (damping and resonance). These well-calibrated original experiments confirm the effect of corrosion on the acoustic properties of bronze. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Computational Methods for Materials Characterization)
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31 pages, 14023 KiB  
Article
Valorization of Vegetal Fibers (Hemp, Flax, Miscanthus and Bamboo) in a Fiber Reinforced Screed (FRS) Formulation
by Sergio Pons Ribera, Rabah Hamzaoui, Johan Colin, Laetitia Bessette and Marie Audouin
Materials 2023, 16(6), 2203; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16062203 - 9 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1991
Abstract
A persistent rise in the costs of construction materials has led to the need to address this problem in line with the Sustainable Development Goals. This research employed vegetal soft and rigid fibers in a screed mortar to produce a sustainable fabric–cement matrix. [...] Read more.
A persistent rise in the costs of construction materials has led to the need to address this problem in line with the Sustainable Development Goals. This research employed vegetal soft and rigid fibers in a screed mortar to produce a sustainable fabric–cement matrix. Four different vegetal-dried fibers (hemp, flax, miscanthus, and bamboo) with dosages of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.2, 2, and 4 kg/m3 were used. Laboratory investigations were slump test, bulk density, air occluded, shrinkage, and mechanical strength. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) assessments were performed and analyzed on the natural fibers and the screed formulation. The results highlight that fiber dosages significantly influence the above-mentioned properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Computational Methods for Materials Characterization)
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