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Advances in Ultra Precision Machining and Manufacturing Processes in Materials Sciences

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 2620

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Junfeng Xiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Interests: titanium alloy; metal matrix composites; additive manufacturing; superplastic forming; high-efficiency and high-precision machining; surface strengthening
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Dong Han

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
Interests: metal strengthening; additive manufacturing; titanium alloy
Dr. Lingchao Meng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
Interests: light alloy; additive manufacturing
Dr. Jie Yi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
Interests: light alloy; precision forming; thin-walled parts; low-temperature cutting; coupling deformation; precision control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Materials science is witnessing a rapid shift towards utilizing advanced alloys and composites, particularly in high-performance sectors like aerospace. These materials offer superior strength-to-weight ratios and high temperature resistance, enhancing operational performance and significant fuel cost savings. However, innovative precision and ultraprecision manufacturing strategies and techniques are essential to fully harness these benefits.

This Special Issue focuses on the latest advancements in precision machining and manufacturing advanced alloys and composites. It aims to bring together leading academic scientists, researchers, and scholars to share their research experiences and experimental results. The goal is to create a comprehensive interdisciplinary platform for presenting cutting-edge innovations, discussing emerging trends, and addressing practical challenges in precision manufacturing.

We invite the submission of original research papers, short communications, and review articles that explore various aspects of precision and ultraprecision manufacturing technologies. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

Precision and ultraprecision manufacturing technologies for advanced alloys and composites;

Advances in precision machinery;

Surface integrity and microstructure evolution;

Mechanics and modeling of precision forming and machining processes.

Your contributions will help drive forward the knowledge and application of precision manufacturing, fostering greater productivity and enhanced performance of advanced materials. We look forward to your submissions and to fostering fruitful discussions within this exciting field.

Dr. Junfeng Xiang
Dr. Dong Han
Dr. Lingchao Meng
Dr. Jie Yi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • titanium alloy
  • additive manufacturing
  • high-precision machining
  • precision control
  • surface strengthening

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 10343 KiB  
Article
Analysis and Prediction of Wear Resistance on Grind-Hardening Layer Considering Different Friction Conditions
by Yu Guo, Minghe Liu and Yiming Zhang
Materials 2025, 18(5), 975; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18050975 - 21 Feb 2025
Viewed by 338
Abstract
The grind-hardening process is capable of generating a martensitic-based hardened layer on the workpiece surface. The production of a hardened layer can significantly improve the application properties of the workpiece. In fact, theoretical research on the wear process of hardened layers is a [...] Read more.
The grind-hardening process is capable of generating a martensitic-based hardened layer on the workpiece surface. The production of a hardened layer can significantly improve the application properties of the workpiece. In fact, theoretical research on the wear process of hardened layers is a powerful key to promoting the grind-hardening process, which is the main focus of the current experimental study. For this purpose, the paper carries out the grind-hardening experiment on AISI 1045 steel first by discovering the formation mechanism of the hardened layer. Then, friction and wear experiments are conducted on hardened workpieces to analyze the influence laws of different conditions on the friction coefficient and wear morphology, as well as its profile. On this basis, combined with the Archard wear model, finite element simulations are carried out on the wear process with different friction conditions. The wear depth is effectively predicted. The results show that the wear depth gradually rises with the increase in friction load and frequency. Additionally, considering different friction conditions, the errors between the predictive and experimental values of the wear depth with both average friction coefficient and variable friction coefficient are 4.36–15.22% and 1.57–10.4%, respectively, which validates theoretical research on the wear resistance of the hardened workpiece. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ultra Precision Machining and Manufacturing Processes in Materials Sciences)
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13 pages, 13417 KiB  
Article
Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of SUS 630 Stainless Steel: Effects of Age Hardening in a Tin Bath and Atmospheric Environments
by Kuan-Jen Chen and Fu-Sung Chuang
Materials 2025, 18(3), 574; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18030574 - 27 Jan 2025
Viewed by 471
Abstract
This study investigates the solution-aging treatment of precipitation-hardening SUS 630 stainless steel, alongside an analysis of the carbon emissions generated by the energy consumed during aging treatments. By employing atmospheric and liquid tin as aging media, the research comprehensively explores the effects of [...] Read more.
This study investigates the solution-aging treatment of precipitation-hardening SUS 630 stainless steel, alongside an analysis of the carbon emissions generated by the energy consumed during aging treatments. By employing atmospheric and liquid tin as aging media, the research comprehensively explores the effects of aging treatments on the characteristics of 630 stainless steel. The maximum hardness value for the 630 stainless steel was observed after atmospheric aging at 500 °C for 1 h. The given 630 stainless steel obtained its maximum hardness value after atmospheric aging at 500 °C for 1 h, indicating that the formation of secondary precipitates strengthens the steel’s performance. By leveraging the intrinsic characteristics of liquid tin, using it as an aging medium (Sn bath aging) significantly improves the efficiency of the aging process, achieving mechanical properties comparable to those of atmosphere-aged steel. The 630 stainless steel aged in a Sn bath exhibited a refined martensitic matrix with substantial precipitate formation, contributing to superior impact toughness and dynamic fatigue resistance. With an equivalent mass and performance, Sn bath aging notably reduced the duration of the treatment compared to atmospheric aging, leading to substantial energy savings and reduced carbon emissions. The Sn bath treatment, recognized in metallurgical science and heat treatment for its excellent thermal conductivity and recyclability, shows potential to enhance process efficiency and enable low carbon emissions in the heat treatment industry. By highlighting the differences between aging methods, this study provides solutions for optimizing heat treatment processes and thereby achieving industrial advancement and sustainability goals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ultra Precision Machining and Manufacturing Processes in Materials Sciences)
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18 pages, 5718 KiB  
Article
Deformation Control in Mesoscale Micro-Milling of Curved Thin-Walled Structures
by Jie Yi, Xinyao Wang, Yichen Zhu, Xurui Wang and Junfeng Xiang
Materials 2024, 17(20), 5071; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17205071 - 17 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 917
Abstract
The micro-machining scale effect makes it challenging to forecast and control the process parameters of the micro-milling process, which makes the micro-flanking-milling of weak-rigidity micro-thin-walled parts prone to deformation. To determine the critical cutting parameters for chip formation in the micro-milling of curved [...] Read more.
The micro-machining scale effect makes it challenging to forecast and control the process parameters of the micro-milling process, which makes the micro-flanking-milling of weak-rigidity micro-thin-walled parts prone to deformation. To determine the critical cutting parameters for chip formation in the micro-milling of curved thin-walled parts at the mesoscale, the strain-softening effect of titanium alloy during high-speed milling and the scale effect of mesoscale cutting were comprehensively considered and a finite element prediction model for curved micro-thin-wall micro-milling was established to determine the critical milling parameters for effective material removal. Based on the determined milling parameters, an experimental design of response surface optimization was carried out. Based on the response surface methodology, a data-driven quantitative model with milling process parameters as design variables and deformation amounts as response variables was established to reveal the influence mechanism of multiple milling process parameters on machining accuracy. Based on the process requirements for deformation control in the micro-milling of curved thin-walled structures, dynamic optimization of the milling process parameters was performed using an improved NSGA-III algorithm to obtain non-dominated solutions. A visual ranking and a determination of the unique solution were conducted using the entropy weight–TOPSIS method. Finally, micro-milling validation experiments were carried out using the optimal parameter combination. The optimal solution for the process parameters of the arc-shaped micro-thin-wall micro-milling of titanium alloy established by the institute provides a relevant reference and guidance for mesoscale arc-shaped thin-wall micro-milling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ultra Precision Machining and Manufacturing Processes in Materials Sciences)
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