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Structure and Properties of Crystalline Materials
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Structure and Properties of Crystalline Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Materials Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2022) | Viewed by 13016

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Denis Vinnik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Single crystal growth, South Ural State University, 76, Lenin prospekt, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
Interests: functional magnetic oxides; single crystals; ceramics; crystal structure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Crystalline functional materials with strong correlation between crystal structure, chemical composition and physical properties, are very significant nowadays. The great study interest of such materials is due to the prospect of their applications to both  the fundamental and practical sides. Chemical composition critically influences the structural parameters and functional properties in crystalline materials. The emergence of new technologies due to the development of modern science through theoretical and experimental results makes our world a better place. I kindly invite you to make a contribution to the Special Issue of Materials titled as “Structure and Properties of Crystalline Materials”.

Kind regards,

Prof. Denis Vinnik
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Crystal structure
  • Functional Materials
  • Microstructure
  • Physical Properties
  • Functional Properties
  • Chemical Composition

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 10819 KiB  
Article
Synergy Effect and Symmetry-Induced Enhancement Effect of Surface Multi-Defects on Nanohardness by Quasi-Continuum Method
by Zhongli Zhang, Can Wang and Yushan Ni
Materials 2022, 15(7), 2485; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15072485 - 28 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1384
Abstract
The quasicontinuum method has been applied to probe the thin film with surface multi-defects, which is commonly seen in nanoimprint technique and bulk micromachining. Three unilaterally distributed multi-defect models and six bilaterally distributed multi-defect models of Pt thin film have been carried out [...] Read more.
The quasicontinuum method has been applied to probe the thin film with surface multi-defects, which is commonly seen in nanoimprint technique and bulk micromachining. Three unilaterally distributed multi-defect models and six bilaterally distributed multi-defect models of Pt thin film have been carried out in nanoindentation. The results show that the nanohardness gradually decreases as the number of unilaterally distributed multi-defects increases, along with the increasingly low decline rate of the nanohardness. The synergy effect of the unilaterally distributed multi-defects has been highly evidenced by the critical load revision for dislocation emission of Pt thin film, and it is predicted into a universal form with the synergy coefficient among the existing multi-defects for FCC metals. Moreover, the nanohardness obviously increases when the bilaterally distributed multi-defects form into symmetrical couple, and it could be even greater than the one with defect-free surface, due to the symmetry-induced enhancement effect on nanohardness. The symmetry-induced enhancement coefficient has been brought out and has well explained the symmetry-induced enhancement effect of bilaterally distributed multi-defects on the nanohardness by a prediction formula. Furthermore, the characteristic length of symmetric relations has been brought out to calculate the symmetry-induced enhancement coefficient and it has been effectively predicted to equal to the sum of the adjacent distance between the surface defect and the indenter, the defect depth near the indenter, and the defect width for FCC metal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Properties of Crystalline Materials)
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7 pages, 2830 KiB  
Article
Enhanced P-Type GaN Conductivity by Mg Delta Doped AlGaN/GaN Superlattice Structure
by Ying Zhao, Shengrui Xu, Hongchang Tao, Yachao Zhang, Chunfu Zhang, Lansheng Feng, Ruoshi Peng, Xiaomeng Fan, Jinjuan Du, Jincheng Zhang and Yue Hao
Materials 2021, 14(1), 144; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14010144 - 31 Dec 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3176
Abstract
A method of combining the AlGaN/GaN superlattices and Mg delta doping was proposed to achieve a high conductivity p-type GaN layer. The experimental results provided the evidence that the novel doping technique achieves superior p-conductivity. The Hall-effect measurement indicated that the hole concentration [...] Read more.
A method of combining the AlGaN/GaN superlattices and Mg delta doping was proposed to achieve a high conductivity p-type GaN layer. The experimental results provided the evidence that the novel doping technique achieves superior p-conductivity. The Hall-effect measurement indicated that the hole concentration was increased by 2.06 times while the sheet resistivity was reduced by 48%. The fabricated green-yellow light-emitting diodes using the achieved high conductivity p-type GaN layer showed an 8- and 10-times enhancement of light output power and external quantum efficiency, respectively. The subsequent numerical calculation was conducted by using an Advanced Physical Model of Semiconductor Device to reveal the mechanism of enhanced device performance. This new doping technique offers an attractive solution to the p-type doping problems in wide-bandgap GaN or AlGaN materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Properties of Crystalline Materials)
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17 pages, 4633 KiB  
Article
Measurement Modulus of Elasticity Related to the Atomic Density of Planes in Unit Cell of Crystal Lattices
by Marzieh Rabiei, Arvydas Palevicius, Amir Dashti, Sohrab Nasiri, Ahmad Monshi, Andrius Vilkauskas and Giedrius Janusas
Materials 2020, 13(19), 4380; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13194380 - 1 Oct 2020
Cited by 54 | Viewed by 5477
Abstract
Young’s modulus (E) is one of the most important parameters in the mechanical properties of solid materials. Young’s modulus is proportional to the stress and strain values. There are several experimental and theoretical methods for gaining Young’s modulus values, such as stress–strain curves [...] Read more.
Young’s modulus (E) is one of the most important parameters in the mechanical properties of solid materials. Young’s modulus is proportional to the stress and strain values. There are several experimental and theoretical methods for gaining Young’s modulus values, such as stress–strain curves in compression and tensile tests, electromagnetic-acoustic resonance, ultrasonic pulse echo and density functional theory (DFT) in different basis sets. Apparently, preparing specimens for measuring Young’s modulus through the experimental methods is not convenient and it is time-consuming. In addition, for calculating Young’s modulus values by software, presumptions of data and structures are needed. Therefore, this new method for gaining the Young’s modulus values of crystalline materials is presented. Herein, the new method for calculating Young’s modulus of crystalline materials is extracted by X-ray diffraction. In this study, Young’s modulus values were gained through the arbitrary planes such as random (hkl) in the research. In this study, calculation of Young’s modulus through the relationship between elastic compliances, geometry of the crystal lattice and the planar density of each plane is obtained by X-ray diffraction. Sodium chloride (NaCl) with crystal lattices of FCC was selected as the example. The X-ray diffraction, elastic stiffness constant and elastic compliances values have been chosen by the X’Pert software, literature and experimental measurements, respectively. The elastic stiffness constant and Young’s modulus of NaCl were measured by the ultrasonic technique and, finally, the results were in good agreement with the new method of this study. The aim of the modified Williamson–Hall (W–H) method in the uniform stress deformation model (USDM) utilized in this paper is to provide a new approach of using the W–H equation, so that a least squares technique can be applied to minimize the sources of errors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Properties of Crystalline Materials)
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9 pages, 1916 KiB  
Article
Thermal History Dependent Al Distribution in Aluminum Substituted Strontium Hexaferrite
by Manuel Häßner, Denis A. Vinnik and Rainer Niewa
Materials 2020, 13(4), 858; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13040858 - 13 Feb 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2160
Abstract
Single crystals of aluminum substituted strontium hexaferrite SrFe12–xAlxO19 were grown from sodium oxide based flux. The substitution level aimed for was x = 1.2. Annealing experiments performed on single crystals show that the Al distribution on the [...] Read more.
Single crystals of aluminum substituted strontium hexaferrite SrFe12–xAlxO19 were grown from sodium oxide based flux. The substitution level aimed for was x = 1.2. Annealing experiments performed on single crystals show that the Al distribution on the five iron sites of the hexaferrite structure depends on the annealing time at 900 °C. Single crystal X-ray diffractometry shows that annealing a crystal after the initial synthesis has an impact on the Al content on the octahedrally and tetrahedrally coordinated sites. Furthermore, it was found that heating in a corundum crucible increases the overall Al content. Magnetic measurements show that annealing in a platinum or corundum crucible decreases coercivity and remanence while the saturation magnetization is hardly influenced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Properties of Crystalline Materials)
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