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Mechanical Behavior and Numerical Simulation of Sandwich Composites
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Mechanical Behavior and Numerical Simulation of Sandwich Composites

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Composites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2024 | Viewed by 3129

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Bin Han

E-Mail Website1 Website2 Website3
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Interests: composites; lattice architectures; advanced and smart materials; material characterization; mechanical properties; impact and ballistic resistance; vibration attenuation; heat transfer; additive manufacturing; intelligent manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sandwich structures have a high strength-to-weight ratio, good thermal and acoustic insulation properties, and resistance to buckling and crushing. They also offer enhanced durability and impact resistance compared to solid materials. At present, sandwich structures are used in a wide range of applications, including aircraft wings and fuselages, boat hulls, wind turbine blades, and building facades. They are an essential component of modern engineering design and are constantly being improved and refined to meet the demands of a changing world. The mechanical behavior of sandwich composites can be analyzed and predicted using both analytical and numerical methods. Finite element analysis (FEA) is a numerical method that is widely used to simulate the mechanical behavior of sandwich composites. It can be used to predict the vibration, failure performance, or fatigue life of sandwich composites and optimize their design to avoid premature failures.

This Special Issue particularly welcomes full papers on original research studies, review papers, and experimental or numerical investigations related to the theory, testing, modeling, simulation, design, and application of sandwich composites. The topics of this issue include (but are not limited to) studies on the mechanical behavior of sandwich composites, core and skin materials, additive manufacturing or other advanced manufacturing methods, and the optimization of sandwich composites. It should be noted that numerical or analytical research work without test verification is not recommended.

Dr. Bin Han
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lattice architectures
  • advanced and smart materials
  • material characterization
  • mechanical properties
  • impact and ballistic resistance
  • vibration attenuation
  • heat transfer
  • intelligent manufacturing foam material
  • composite sandwich
  • additive manufacturing
  • vibration
  • buckling
  • crushing behaviors
  • optimization

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 5004 KiB  
Article
Pull-Through Behavior of Novel Additively Manufactured Sandwich Composite Inserts
by Patrick Severson, Anna Lutz and Rani Elhajjar
Materials 2024, 17(8), 1884; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17081884 - 19 Apr 2024
Viewed by 395
Abstract
Joining structural components with mechanical fasteners is common in many engineering applications across all industries. This study investigates combining additive manufactured inserts with sandwich composites consisting of aluminum honeycomb cores with carbon fiber reinforced facesheets. The combination of these components offers an integrated, [...] Read more.
Joining structural components with mechanical fasteners is common in many engineering applications across all industries. This study investigates combining additive manufactured inserts with sandwich composites consisting of aluminum honeycomb cores with carbon fiber reinforced facesheets. The combination of these components offers an integrated, lightweight solution when mechanically fastening sandwich composite components using bolted joints. The experimental and numerical investigation explores the influence insert geometry has on the structural response of a sandwich composite under pull-through load scenarios. Various failure modes are observed during experimental analysis with facesheet debonding being the initial failure mode. In addition, finite element models investigate the stress fields in the honeycomb core and overall panel deflections, validating the mechanics observed experimentally. When comparing additively manufactured inserts to standard inserts, additively manufactured inserts have increases in stiffness, maximum force, and total energy absorption of 7.1%, 53.0%, and 62.3%, respectively. These results illustrate the potential of an integrated approach to mechanical joint technology by combining additively manufactured inserts with sandwich composite components using aluminum honeycomb cores. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Behavior and Numerical Simulation of Sandwich Composites)
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17 pages, 15611 KiB  
Article
Computational Analysis of Sandwich Panels with Graded Foam Cores Subjected to Combined Blast and Fragment Impact Loading
by Lang Li, Fan Zhang, Jiahui Li, Fusen Jia and Bin Han
Materials 2023, 16(12), 4371; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16124371 - 14 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1080
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of sandwich panels with graded foam cores of layered densities against combined blast and fragment impact loading, and to ascertain the optimal gradient of core configuration that would maximize the performance of sandwich panels against combined [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of sandwich panels with graded foam cores of layered densities against combined blast and fragment impact loading, and to ascertain the optimal gradient of core configuration that would maximize the performance of sandwich panels against combined loading. First, based on a recently developed composite projectile, impact tests of the sandwich panels against simulated combined loading were conducted to provide a benchmark for the computational model. Second, a computational model, based on three-dimensional finite element simulation, was constructed and verified by means of a comparison of the numerically calculated and experimentally measured peak deflections of the back facesheet and the residual velocity of the penetrated fragment. Third, the structural response and energy absorption characteristics were examined, based on numerical simulations. Finally, the optimal gradient of core configuration was explored and numerically examined. The results indicated that the sandwich panel responded in a combined manner involving global deflection, local perforation and perforation hole enlargement. As the impact velocity increased, both the peak deflection of the back facesheet and the residual velocity of the penetrated fragment increased. The front facesheet was found to be the most important sandwich component in consuming the kinetic energy of the combined loading. Thus, the compaction of the foam core would be facilitated by placing the low-density foam at the front side. This would further provide a larger deflecting space for the front facesheet, thus reducing the deflection of the back facesheet. The gradient of core configuration was found to have limited influence on the anti-perforation ability of the sandwich panel. Parametric study indicated that the optimal gradient of foam core configuration was not sensitive to time delay between blast loading and fragment impact loading, but was sensitive to the asymmetrical facesheet of the sandwich panel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Behavior and Numerical Simulation of Sandwich Composites)
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23 pages, 7843 KiB  
Article
A Three-Dimensional Vibration Theory for Ultralight Cellular Sandwich Plates Subjected to Linearly Varying In-Plane Distributed Loads
by Fei-Hao Li, Bin Han, Ai-Hua Zhang, Kai Liu, Ying Wang and Tian-Jian Lu
Materials 2023, 16(11), 4086; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16114086 - 31 May 2023
Viewed by 1014
Abstract
Thin structural elements such as large-scale covering plates of aerospace protection structures and vertical stabilizers of aircraft are strongly influenced by gravity (and/or acceleration); thus, exploring how the mechanical behaviors of such structures are affected by gravitational field is necessary. Built upon a [...] Read more.
Thin structural elements such as large-scale covering plates of aerospace protection structures and vertical stabilizers of aircraft are strongly influenced by gravity (and/or acceleration); thus, exploring how the mechanical behaviors of such structures are affected by gravitational field is necessary. Built upon a zigzag displacement model, this study establishes a three-dimensional vibration theory for ultralight cellular-cored sandwich plates subjected to linearly varying in-plane distributed loads (due to, e.g., hyper gravity or acceleration), with the cross-section rotation angle induced by face sheet shearing accounted for. For selected boundary conditions, the theory enables quantifying the influence of core type (e.g., close-celled metal foams, triangular corrugated metal plates, and metal hexagonal honeycombs) on fundamental frequencies of the sandwich plates. For validation, three-dimensional finite element simulations are carried out, with good agreement achieved between theoretical predictions and simulation results. The validated theory is subsequently employed to evaluate how the geometric parameters of metal sandwich core and the mixture of metal cores and composite face sheets influence the fundamental frequencies. Triangular corrugated sandwich plate possesses the highest fundamental frequency, irrespective of boundary conditions. For each type of sandwich plate considered, the presence of in-plane distributed loads significantly affects its fundamental frequencies and modal shapes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Behavior and Numerical Simulation of Sandwich Composites)
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Review

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57 pages, 5226 KiB  
Review
Design, Manufacturing, and Analysis of Periodic Three-Dimensional Cellular Materials for Energy Absorption Applications: A Critical Review
by Autumn R. Bernard and Mostafa S. A. ElSayed
Materials 2024, 17(10), 2181; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102181 - 7 May 2024
Viewed by 193
Abstract
Cellular materials offer industries the ability to close gaps in the material selection design space with properties not otherwise achievable by bulk, monolithic counterparts. Their superior specific strength, stiffness, and energy absorption, as well as their multi-functionality, makes them desirable for a wide [...] Read more.
Cellular materials offer industries the ability to close gaps in the material selection design space with properties not otherwise achievable by bulk, monolithic counterparts. Their superior specific strength, stiffness, and energy absorption, as well as their multi-functionality, makes them desirable for a wide range of applications. The objective of this paper is to compile and present a review of the open literature focusing on the energy absorption of periodic three-dimensional cellular materials. The review begins with the methodical cataloging of qualitative and quantitative elements from 100 papers in the available literature and then provides readers with a thorough overview of the state of this research field, discussing areas such as parent material(s), manufacturing methods, cell topologies, cross-section shapes for truss topologies, analysis methods, loading types, and test strain rates. Based on these collected data, areas of great and limited research are identified and future avenues of interest are suggested for the continued maturation and growth of this field, such as the development of a consistent naming and classification system for topologies; the creation of test standards considering additive manufacturing processes; further investigation of non-uniform and non-cylindrical struts on the performance of truss lattices; and further investigation into the performance of lattice materials under the impact of non-flat surfaces and projectiles. Finally, the numerical energy absorption (by mass and by volume) data of 76 papers are presented across multiple property selection charts, highlighting various materials, manufacturing methods, and topology groups. While there are noticeable differences at certain densities, the graphs show that the categorical differences within those groups have large overlap in terms of energy absorption performance and can be referenced to identify areas for further investigation and to help in the preliminary design process by researchers and industry professionals alike. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Behavior and Numerical Simulation of Sandwich Composites)
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