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Materials
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Three-Dimensional (3D) Nano Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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Three-Dimensional (3D) Nano Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2020) | Viewed by 15355

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Robert Streubel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am pleased to announce the Special Issue on "Three-Dimensional (3D) Nano Magnetism and Magnetic Materials".

Advances in synthesis science and characterization techniques combined with novel concepts for microelectronics, magnetic storage, and sensing applications have fueled the appeal of 3D nano magnetism. This vital research area is comprised of magnetic nano structures, nano membranes, and particle assemby, as well as 3D magnetization vector fields driven by vector spin exchange or spin frustration in heterogeneous condensed matter. In these systems, new functionalities emerge owing to the nano scale features of magnetization. The diverse application potential fosters multidisciplinary research where the magnetization may either be of central importance or simply a means to improve functionality. Examples range from magnetic paint and reshapeable magnetic media, to 3D magnetic networks and frustrated systems, and to topological magnetic states, including skyrmions, hopfions, and their derivatives. The emergence of topological magnetic states, on the nano scale, renders magnetic materials in the light of quantum materials, which are envisioned to serve future microelectronics based on neuromorphic computing and racetrack memory applications.

This Special Issue is open for submissions, and welcomes original research contributions and review articles highlighting recent advances and future directions in the field of 3D nano magnetism and magnetic materials.

Dr. Robert Streubel
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • 3D spin textures
  • Spin frustration
  • 3D nano structures, membranes and particles
  • 3D nano printing
  • Spintronics
  • Magnetic sensing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

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22 pages, 5063 KiB  
Review
Writing 3D Nanomagnets Using Focused Electron Beams
by Amalio Fernández-Pacheco, Luka Skoric, José María De Teresa, Javier Pablo-Navarro, Michael Huth and Oleksandr V. Dobrovolskiy
Materials 2020, 13(17), 3774; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173774 - 26 Aug 2020
Cited by 63 | Viewed by 5497
Abstract
Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is a direct-write nanofabrication technique able to pattern three-dimensional magnetic nanostructures at resolutions comparable to the characteristic magnetic length scales. FEBID is thus a powerful tool for 3D nanomagnetism which enables unique fundamental studies involving complex 3D [...] Read more.
Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is a direct-write nanofabrication technique able to pattern three-dimensional magnetic nanostructures at resolutions comparable to the characteristic magnetic length scales. FEBID is thus a powerful tool for 3D nanomagnetism which enables unique fundamental studies involving complex 3D geometries, as well as nano-prototyping and specialized applications compatible with low throughputs. In this focused review, we discuss recent developments of this technique for applications in 3D nanomagnetism, namely the substantial progress on FEBID computational methods, and new routes followed to tune the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic FEBID materials. We also review a selection of recent works involving FEBID 3D nanostructures in areas such as scanning probe microscopy sensing, magnetic frustration phenomena, curvilinear magnetism, magnonics and fluxonics, offering a wide perspective of the important role FEBID is likely to have in the coming years in the study of new phenomena involving 3D magnetic nanostructures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Three-Dimensional (3D) Nano Magnetism and Magnetic Materials)
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19 pages, 4627 KiB  
Review
Harnessing Multi-Photon Absorption to Produce Three-Dimensional Magnetic Structures at the Nanoscale
by Matthew Hunt, Mike Taverne, Joseph Askey, Andrew May, Arjen Van Den Berg, Ying-Lung Daniel Ho, John Rarity and Sam Ladak
Materials 2020, 13(3), 761; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030761 - 7 Feb 2020
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 5292
Abstract
Three-dimensional nanostructured magnetic materials have recently been the topic of intense interest since they provide access to a host of new physical phenomena. Examples include new spin textures that exhibit topological protection, magnetochiral effects and novel ultrafast magnetic phenomena such as the spin-Cherenkov [...] Read more.
Three-dimensional nanostructured magnetic materials have recently been the topic of intense interest since they provide access to a host of new physical phenomena. Examples include new spin textures that exhibit topological protection, magnetochiral effects and novel ultrafast magnetic phenomena such as the spin-Cherenkov effect. Two-photon lithography is a powerful methodology that is capable of realising 3D polymer nanostructures on the scale of 100 nm. Combining this with postprocessing and deposition methodologies allows 3D magnetic nanostructures of arbitrary geometry to be produced. In this article, the physics of two-photon lithography is first detailed, before reviewing the studies to date that have exploited this fabrication route. The article then moves on to consider how non-linear optical techniques and post-processing solutions can be used to realise structures with a feature size below 100 nm, before comparing two-photon lithography with other direct write methodologies and providing a discussion on future developments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Three-Dimensional (3D) Nano Magnetism and Magnetic Materials)
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Other

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18 pages, 11982 KiB  
Perspective
Perspective: Ferromagnetic Liquids
by Robert Streubel, Xubo Liu, Xuefei Wu and Thomas P. Russell
Materials 2020, 13(12), 2712; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13122712 - 15 Jun 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3686
Abstract
Mechanical jamming of nanoparticles at liquid–liquid interfaces has evolved into a versatile approach to structure liquids with solid-state properties. Ferromagnetic liquids obtain their physical and magnetic properties, including a remanent magnetization that distinguishes them from ferrofluids, from the jamming of magnetic nanoparticles assembled [...] Read more.
Mechanical jamming of nanoparticles at liquid–liquid interfaces has evolved into a versatile approach to structure liquids with solid-state properties. Ferromagnetic liquids obtain their physical and magnetic properties, including a remanent magnetization that distinguishes them from ferrofluids, from the jamming of magnetic nanoparticles assembled at the interface between two distinct liquids to minimize surface tension. This perspective provides an overview of recent progress and discusses future directions, challenges and potential applications of jamming magnetic nanoparticles with regard to 3D nano-magnetism. We address the formation and characterization of curved magnetic geometries, and spin frustration between dipole-coupled nanostructures, and advance our understanding of particle jamming at liquid–liquid interfaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Three-Dimensional (3D) Nano Magnetism and Magnetic Materials)
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