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The Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Novel Carbon Based Materials
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The Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Novel Carbon Based Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Carbon Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2020) | Viewed by 8142

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Aleksandr V. Okotrub

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Interests: carbon nanostructures; electronic structure; x-ray spectroscopy; photoelectron spectroscopy; electronic properties
Dr. Olga Sedelnikova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Interests: material characterization; electronic structure; condensed matter physics; solid state physics; physical chemistry; carbon nanotubes; carbon nanomaterials; graphene; hydrogen production; solid-state chemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the discovery of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, many novel carbon allotropes have been developed. Extreme synthesis conditions, such as high temperature, pressure, electron and ion irradiation, enable the formation of one-, two-, and three-dimension metastable carbon structures, which are not otherwise accessible. The brief list of carbon-based materials includes carbon onions, carbon nanotubes, perforated graphite, mesoporous carbon, nanodiamonds, and their hybrids and derivatives. These have received great attention in the scientific community due to their advanced functional properties.

The main aim of this Special Issue of Materials is to publish original research and review articles that address the synthesis, structure, applications, and challenges of novel carbon-based materials.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • Novel synthesis methods, including high-energy electron and ion irradiation;
  • Arc-discharge, plasma, and CVD synthesis of carbon-based materials;
  • Laser ablation synthesis of carbon-based materials;
  • Fabrication of hybrids and nanocomposites;
  • Study of morphology and properties of carbon-based materials synthesized under extreme conditions;
  • Application of carbon material in electronics, sensing, catalysis, energy storage applications, electromagnetic shielding, etc.

We look forward to your submission.

Prof. Alexander Okotrub
Dr. Olga Sedelnikova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Carbon-based materials
  • CVD
  • Electronics
  • Sensing
  • Catalysis
  • Energy storage applications
  • Electromagnetic shielding

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3016 KiB  
Article
Hydrogen Plasma Treatment of Aligned Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Arrays for Improvement of Field Emission Properties
by Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy, Artem V. Gusel’nikov, Alexander G. Kurenya, Dmitry A. Smirnov, Lyubov G. Bulusheva and Alexander V. Okotrub
Materials 2020, 13(19), 4420; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13194420 - 4 Oct 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1953
Abstract
Vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays show potential for the development of planar low-voltage emission cathodes. The characteristics of cathodes can be improved by modifying their surface, e.g., by hydrogen plasma treatment, as was performed in this work. The surface of multi-walled CNT [...] Read more.
Vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays show potential for the development of planar low-voltage emission cathodes. The characteristics of cathodes can be improved by modifying their surface, e.g., by hydrogen plasma treatment, as was performed in this work. The surface of multi-walled CNT arrays grown on silicon substrates from toluene and ferrocene using catalytic chemical vapor deposition was treated in a high-pressure (~104 Pa) microwave reactor. The structure, composition, and current-voltage characteristics of the arrays were studied before and after hydrogen plasma treatment at various power values and durations. CNT tips were destroyed and catalytic iron was released from the CNT channels. The etching rate was influenced by iron particles that formed on the array surface. The lower emission threshold in the plasma-treated arrays than in the initial sample is explained by the amplification factor of the local electric field increasing due to graphene structures of unfolded nanotube layers that formed at the CNT tips. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Novel Carbon Based Materials)
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18 pages, 10754 KiB  
Article
Distinctive Features of Graphene Synthesized in a Plasma Jet Created by a DC Plasma Torch
by Marina Shavelkina, Peter Ivanov, Aleksey Bocharov and Ravil Amirov
Materials 2020, 13(7), 1728; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13071728 - 7 Apr 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2525
Abstract
Synthesis of graphene materials in a plasma stream from an up to 40 kW direct current (DC) plasma torch is investigated. These materials are created by means of the conversion of hydrocarbons under the pressure 350–710 Torr without using catalysts, without additional processes [...] Read more.
Synthesis of graphene materials in a plasma stream from an up to 40 kW direct current (DC) plasma torch is investigated. These materials are created by means of the conversion of hydrocarbons under the pressure 350–710 Torr without using catalysts, without additional processes of inter-substrate transfer and the elimination of impurities. Helium and argon are used as plasma-forming gas, propane, butane, methane, and acetylene are used as carbon precursors. Electron microscopy and Raman imaging show that synthesis products represent an assembly of flakes varying in the thickness and the level of deformity. An occurrence of hydrogen in the graphene flakes is discovered by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and express-gravimetry. Its quantity depends on the type of carrier gas. Quasi-one-dimensional approach under the local thermodynamic equilibrium was used to investigate the evolution of the composition of helium and argon plasma jets with hydrocarbon addition. Hydrogen atoms appear in the hydrogen-rich argon jet under higher temperature. This shows that solid particles live longer in the hydrogen-rich environment compared with the helium case providing some enlargement of graphene with less hydrogen in its structure. In conclusion, graphene in flakes appears because of the volumetric synthesis in the hydrogen environment. The most promising directions of the practical use of graphеne flakes are apparently related to structural ceramics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Novel Carbon Based Materials)
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13 pages, 3283 KiB  
Article
Structure of Diamond Films Grown Using High-Speed Flow of a Thermally Activated CH4-H2 Gas Mixture
by Yu.V. Fedoseeva, D.V. Gorodetskiy, K.I. Baskakova, I.P. Asanov, L.G. Bulusheva, A.A. Makarova, I.B. Yudin, M.Yu. Plotnikov, A.A. Emelyanov, A.K. Rebrov and A.V. Okotrub
Materials 2020, 13(1), 219; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13010219 - 4 Jan 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3189
Abstract
Diamond films are advanced engineering materials for various industrial applications requiring a coating material with extremely high thermal conductivity and low electrical conductivity. An approach for the synthesis of diamond films via high-speed jet deposition of thermally activated gas has been applied. In [...] Read more.
Diamond films are advanced engineering materials for various industrial applications requiring a coating material with extremely high thermal conductivity and low electrical conductivity. An approach for the synthesis of diamond films via high-speed jet deposition of thermally activated gas has been applied. In this method, spatially separated high-speed flows of methane and hydrogen were thermally activated, and methyl and hydrogen radicals were deposited on heated molybdenum substrates. The morphology and structure of three diamond films were studied, which were synthesized at a heating power of 900, 1700, or 1800 W, methane flow rate of 10 or 30 sccm, hydrogen flow rate of 1500 or 3500 sccm, and duration of the synthesis from 1.5 to 3 h.The morphology and electronic state of the carbon on the surface and in the bulk of the obtained films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Raman scattering, X-ray photoelectron, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies. The diamond micro-crystals with a thick oxidized amorphous sp2-carbon coating were grown at a heating power of 900 W and a hydrogen flow rate of 1500 sccm. The quality of the crystals was improved, and the growth rate of the diamond film was increased seven times when the heating power was 1700–1800 W and the methane and hydrogen flow rates were 30 and 3500 sccm, respectively. Defective octahedral diamond crystals of 30 μm in size with a thin sp2-carbon surface layer were synthesized on a Mo substrate heated at 1273 K for 1.5 h. When the synthesis duration was doubled, and the substrate temperature was decreased to 1073 K, the denser film with rhombic-dodecahedron diamond crystals was grown. In this case, the thinnest hydrogenated sp2-carbon coating was detected on the surface of the diamond crystals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Novel Carbon Based Materials)
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