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Metals
Special Issues
Separation and Purification of Critical Metals
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Separation and Purification of Critical Metals

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Extractive Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 1569

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yanfang Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Interests: critical metals; separation; enrichment; purification; extract

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Critical metals refer to rare metals, rare earth metals, and some other metals that are necessary in today's society. They play a kind of irreplaceable role in emerging industries such as new materials, new energy, and information technology. Aiming at the scarce critical mineral resources in the world, the theme of "Separation and Purification of Critical Metals" is reporting the relevant theoretical breakthroughs and technological innovations in enrichment, separation, and purification technology of low-abundance metal elements, which can provide a scientific and technological foundation for the comprehensive utilization of resources. The enrichment, separation, and purification technology of critical metals includes the new flotation reagent, new beneficiation process, new smelting process, and beneficiation and smelting combined technology.

Dr. Yanfang Huang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • critical metals
  • separation
  • enrichment
  • purification
  • extract

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 9241 KiB  
Article
Precipitation–Flotation Process for Molybdenum and Uranium Separation from Wastewater
by Yanfang Huang, Sa Yue, Aohua Li, Hu Sun, Yizhuang Wang, Qunzhen Bu, Bingbing Liu and Guihong Han
Metals 2024, 14(11), 1231; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14111231 - 28 Oct 2024
Viewed by 535
Abstract
The mining of molybdenum and uranium ores inevitably results in the generation of large volumes of wastewater containing low concentrations of metals, which poses significant threats to the environment. This study presents a novel precipitation–flotation process for the simultaneous separation of molybdenum and [...] Read more.
The mining of molybdenum and uranium ores inevitably results in the generation of large volumes of wastewater containing low concentrations of metals, which poses significant threats to the environment. This study presents a novel precipitation–flotation process for the simultaneous separation of molybdenum and uranium from wastewater. A systematic investigation was conducted on the impacts of the type of precipitant, flotation reagent type, and flotation parameters on the experimental results. Ferric salt served better as a precipitant than aluminum salt and humic acid did, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was more suitable than sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate for acting as a surfactant and foaming agent. Under specific conditions, including a pH of 6.6, an Fe3+ dosage of 0.6 mmol·L−1, an SDS dosage of 40 mg·L−1, an air flow rate of 25 mL·min−1, and a flotation time of 10 min, the removal efficiencies of molybdenum and uranium reached 96.6% and 93.6%, respectively. After flotation, the molybdenum concentration, uranium concentration, chemical oxygen demand, and turbidity of the treated water all meet the emission standards. Furthermore, the metal removal mechanisms, including the particle size distribution, functional group structure, surface element composition, microstructure, and element distribution, were elucidated on the basis of characterization of the precipitation–flotation products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Separation and Purification of Critical Metals)
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17 pages, 15413 KiB  
Article
Kinetics of Iron Collector Leaching in HCl and HF Media
by Evgeniy Kuzas, Ivan Sandalov, Kirill Karimov, Aleksei Kritskii, Ilia Fomenko, Ivan Zhidkov and Aleksandr Abramov
Metals 2024, 14(9), 1077; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14091077 - 19 Sep 2024
Viewed by 738
Abstract
Automotive catalysts containing Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) are valuable secondary raw materials for refineries. Hydrometallurgical processing of catalysts is ineffective due to the low PGMs content—0.15–0.3%. Therefore, such raw materials are melted into an iron collector containing 1.5–5% PGMs. However, when leaching a [...] Read more.
Automotive catalysts containing Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) are valuable secondary raw materials for refineries. Hydrometallurgical processing of catalysts is ineffective due to the low PGMs content—0.15–0.3%. Therefore, such raw materials are melted into an iron collector containing 1.5–5% PGMs. However, when leaching a collector containing 10–20% Si in both HCl and H2SO4, the recovery of PGMs does not exceed 40%. The latter indicates incomplete destroying of the PGM-encapsulating ferrosilicon matrix. To completely destroy the ferrosilicon matrix, it is proposed to carry out the leaching process in a mixture of HCl and HF. In this case, the extraction of Fe into solution and Si into the gas phase (in the form of SiF4) exceeds 90%. This should be sufficient to completely destroy the ferrosilicon matrix and release PGMs. The current work presents the results of studies of the leaching kinetics of the iron collector containing ferrosilicon in a mixture of HCl and HF using the Shrinking Core Model (SCM). It was found that the greatest positive effect on Fe extraction into solution is exerted by HCl concentration and temperature, while Si release into the gas phase is only influenced by HF concentration. In addition, during the destroying of ferrosilicon, FeF2 is formed and deposited on the surface of the material in the form of thin-film conglomerates. This leads to diffusion difficulties and a gradual decrease in the intensity of the iron collector leaching 30 min after the start of process. After 120 min, there may be a decrease in Fe recovery into solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Separation and Purification of Critical Metals)
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