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Metals
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Research and Development of Lightweight Metal Automotive Components
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Research and Development of Lightweight Metal Automotive Components

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 5628

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Silvia Cecchel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Streparava SpA, Innovation and advanced engineering Adro (BS), via Zocco 13, 25030, Italy
Interests: metals; mechanical properties; metallurgical characterization; automotive; testing; heat treatments, additive manufacturing, foundry process, welding
Dr. Giovanna Cornacchia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
DIMI, Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
Interests: metals and alloys; additive manufacturing; relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of metals and alloys; welding; heat treatment; Failure Analysis; fracture mechanics; Lightweighting; automotive

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The weight reduction of automotive components is a very relevant and actual topic in order to lower the carbon footprint and improve their performances. For this purpose, some promising solutions are the use of low-density materials, the redesign of component shapes in order to remove the unnecessary material, the introduction of hybrid-material or hybrid-technology structures, and the application of emerging technologies.

The current Special Issue concerns the latest developments in automotive weight reduction, with particular attention to the specific challenging category of structural parts. Metal systems which are used for this purpose include both non-ferrous and ferrous alloys, traditional technologies (i.e., casting, extrusion, forging) and innovative ones (i.e., additive manufacturing, hybrid casting-forging, innovative joining).

Relevant criteria to be addressed are mechanisms to improve the mechanical properties (i.e., heat treatments), the specific strength, fatigue properties, microstructure, structural integrity, and the interaction with the environment. The proposed topic covers the research and development of the above metals categories and their application in lightweight structural products. Characterization includes studies on innovative materials or techniques, determination of metallurgical and mechanical properties, comparative studies about lightweighting introduction, influence of corrosion and in general of the environment on the component properties, the effect of the selected process on metallic materials properties (residual stresses, thermo or mechanical alteration, etc.), testing of components in the perspective of their operating condition.

Dr. Silvia Cecchel
Dr. Giovanna Cornacchia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Weight reduction
  • metallic materials
  • automotive
  • mechanical properties
  • material characterization
  • validation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

47 pages, 41970 KiB  
Article
In Situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction and Microstructural Studies on Cold and Hot Stamping Combined with Quenching & Partitioning Processing for Development of Third-Generation Advanced High Strength Steels
by Edwan Anderson Ariza Echeverri, Arthur Seiji Nishikawa, Mohammad Masoumi, Henrique Boschetti Pereira, Nelson Granda Marulanda, Andrés Márquez Rossy, Hélio Goldenstein and André Paulo Tschiptschin
Metals 2022, 12(2), 174; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12020174 - 18 Jan 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2632
Abstract
A novel combined process of Cold Stamping (CS) and Hot Stamping (HS) with Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) treatment applied to advanced TRIP-assisted steel has been conducted by thermomechanical simulation to evaluate the influence of CS or HS in the Q&P processing. With this [...] Read more.
A novel combined process of Cold Stamping (CS) and Hot Stamping (HS) with Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) treatment applied to advanced TRIP-assisted steel has been conducted by thermomechanical simulation to evaluate the influence of CS or HS in the Q&P processing. With this purpose, Q&P, CSQ&P, and HSQ&P cycles were designed to obtain multiphase microstructures containing ferrite, martensite, bainitic-ferrite, and the maximum retained austenite (RA) fraction after the processes. The objective was to investigate the effects of the variables involving the heat treatments, such as the intercritical austenitization temperature, the isothermal and non-isothermal deformation, the amount of deformation, and the temperature and partitioning times, and to analyze their influence on the microstructural and mechanical responses. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation was undertaken in a thermomechanical simulator coupled to the synchrotron light source to understand the influence of time, temperature, and strain on the level of carbon enrichment in austenite. In addition, the in situ austenite transformation kinetics and lattice parameter evolution were tracked, making it possible to optimize the RA fraction at room temperature after Q&P processing. The newly developed combined process is promising as the transformation-induced plasticity phenomenon during deformation can contribute to the formability and energy absorption. The results also indicate that the deformation of austenite promotes the ferrite transformation while suppressing the bainite transformation. It was possible to plot the results in an elongation-mechanical strength diagram, coupled to material property charts, also known as, ‘banana curve’, allowing us to identify and correlate the thermal or thermomechanical treatment conditions that led to an increase in ductility or strength according to the volume fractions of the resulting phases. Comparing the results for the HSQ&P treatments, it was observed that isothermal strains at higher temperatures (≥800 °C) are more advantageous to increase mechanical strength, while non-isothermal strains (starting at 750 °C) are suggested if the objective is the increase in ductility, with mechanical strength being slightly sacrificed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Development of Lightweight Metal Automotive Components)
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21 pages, 6530 KiB  
Article
Effects of Residual Stresses on the Fatigue Lifetimes of Self-Piercing Riveted Joints of AZ31 Mg Alloy and Al5052 Al Alloy Sheets
by Young-In Lee and Ho-Kyung Kim
Metals 2021, 11(12), 2037; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11122037 - 15 Dec 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2202
Abstract
During the self-piercing riveting (SPR) process, residual stress develops due to the high plastic deformation of the sheet materials. In this study, the effect of the residual stress on the fatigue lifetime of SPR joints with dissimilar magnesium AZ31 alloy and aluminum Al5052 [...] Read more.
During the self-piercing riveting (SPR) process, residual stress develops due to the high plastic deformation of the sheet materials. In this study, the effect of the residual stress on the fatigue lifetime of SPR joints with dissimilar magnesium AZ31 alloy and aluminum Al5052 alloy sheets was evaluated. The residual stress distribution was derived through a simulation of the SPR process by the FEA (finite element analysis). The measured values by the X-ray diffraction technique confirmed that the validity of the simulation has a maximum error of 17.2% with the experimental results. The fatigue strength of the SPR joint was evaluated at various loading angles using tensile-shear and cross-shaped specimens. It was found that the compressive residual stresses of the joint reduce the stress amplitude by 13% at 106 cycles lifetime, resulting in extension of its lifetime to approximately 3.4 million cycles from 106 cycles lifetime. Finally, it was confirmed that the fatigue life of SPR joints was appropriately predicted within a factor of three using the relationship between the fatigue life and the equivalent stress intensity factor. The fatigue resistance of the magnesium AZ31 alloy on the upper sheet was found to govern fatigue lifetimes of SPR joints of dissimilar magnesium AZ31 alloy sheets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Development of Lightweight Metal Automotive Components)
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