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Metals
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Mechanical Properties Assessment of Alloys during Welding Process
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Mechanical Properties Assessment of Alloys during Welding Process

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Welding and Joining".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 9087

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Ricardo Rafael Ambriz Rojas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto Politécnico Nacional CIITEC-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
Interests: mechanical metallurgy of welded joints

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Welding is a joining process used to weld similar and/or dissimilar metallic materials. Due to the multiple disciplines involved in welding, this research area has become attractive and very active. For instance, the weld thermal cycle (heating and cooling rates) induces microstructural transformations that modify the mechanical performance of the welded joints. This Special Issue of the journal Metals is devoted to publishing original works based on the assessment of mechanical properties of metallic materials (ferrous and nonferrous alloys) welded by different processes, for example, arc welding, resistance welding, laser beam welding, solid state welding, electron beam welding, and so on. Research articles that report original contributions in terms of quasi-static loading, fatigue and fracture behavior, as well as thermo-mechanical and strain rate effects in welded joints are invited. Papers based on experimental and numerical approaches are welcome for this Special Issue.

Prof. Ricardo Rafael Ambriz Rojas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • welding
  • alloys
  • mechanical behavior
  • welding metallurgy
  • experimental and numerical approaches

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 7318 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Microstructural and Mechanical Behavior of AHSS CP780 Steel Welded by GMAW-Pulsed and GMAW-Pulsed-Brazing Processes
by Alan Jadir Romero-Orozco, José Jaime Taha-Tijerina, Rene De Luna-Alanís, Victor Hugo López-Morelos, María del Carmen Ramírez-López, Melchor Salazar-Martínez and Francisco Fernando Curiel-López
Metals 2022, 12(3), 530; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12030530 - 21 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2452
Abstract
Joints of complex phase 780 (CP-780) advanced high strength steel (AHSS) were carried out by using an ER-CuAl-A2 filler metal for the gas metal arc welding pulsed brazing (GMAW-P- brazing) process and the ER-80S-D2 for the GMAW-P process employing two levels of heat [...] Read more.
Joints of complex phase 780 (CP-780) advanced high strength steel (AHSS) were carried out by using an ER-CuAl-A2 filler metal for the gas metal arc welding pulsed brazing (GMAW-P- brazing) process and the ER-80S-D2 for the GMAW-P process employing two levels of heat input. The phases in the weld bead and HAZ were analyzed, and the evaporation of zinc by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also monitored. The mechanical properties of the welded joints were evaluated by tension, microhardness and vertical impact tests. It was found that there was greater surface Zn evaporation in the joints welded with the GMAW-P process as compared to the GMAW-P-brazing process. The best results in tensile strength were observed in the joints welded with GMAW-P-brazing process, which increased by ~68% with respect to those of the GMAW-P. This behavior can be attributed to the formation of an intermetallic complex compound Cu-Al-Fe in the fusion line. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Properties Assessment of Alloys during Welding Process)
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22 pages, 10545 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior of DP980 Steel Gas Metal Arc Welded Joints
by Juliana G. Rosado-Carrasco, Walter F. González-Zapatero, Christian J. García, César M. Gómora, David Jaramillo and Ricardo R. Ambriz
Metals 2022, 12(3), 419; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12030419 - 27 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2251
Abstract
Dual phase (DP) steels have high strength, while maintaining outstanding elongation capacities. This is possible using a well-controlled thermomechanical process that produces a perfect phase combination in the DP microstructures. However, automotive makers are required to weld the DP steels, which generates a [...] Read more.
Dual phase (DP) steels have high strength, while maintaining outstanding elongation capacities. This is possible using a well-controlled thermomechanical process that produces a perfect phase combination in the DP microstructures. However, automotive makers are required to weld the DP steels, which generates a soft zone in the microstructure. In this work, 1.6 mm-thick DP980 steel sheets were welded by gas metal arc welding process to analyze the response of the welded soft zone to cyclic loading conditions. Conducted macrographic and metallography analyses revealed good quality in the appearance of the welded joints, with a complete fusion of the DP980 joint and without the presence of discontinuities. Low cycle fatigue tests of the DP welded joints were conducted under a constant amplitude strain control mode. The welded joints experienced a fatigue life reduction with respect to the DP980 steel of ~16% at strain amplitudes of 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4%. For strain amplitudes larger than 0.6%, the fatigue life of the welded joint was reduced by 39%. Weld thermal cycles combined with metallography analysis indicated that a tempered process of the martensite during the welding was responsible for the soft-zone formation and the poor fatigue response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Properties Assessment of Alloys during Welding Process)
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18 pages, 7790 KiB  
Article
Dissimilar Dual Phase-Low Carbon Steel Joints by the GMAW Process Subjected to Impact Load
by César M. Gómora, Ricardo R. Ambriz, Christian J. García, Ismael Ruíz-López and David Jaramillo
Metals 2022, 12(3), 404; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12030404 - 25 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1736
Abstract
Dissimilar welding used in the automotive area are possible joints with the GMAW process; however, its structural performance must be evaluated. The focus of this work is to study the microstructural–mechanical properties of dissimilar welding DPC340Y590T dual phase–JSC270C low carbon steels. Microhardness profile, [...] Read more.
Dissimilar welding used in the automotive area are possible joints with the GMAW process; however, its structural performance must be evaluated. The focus of this work is to study the microstructural–mechanical properties of dissimilar welding DPC340Y590T dual phase–JSC270C low carbon steels. Microhardness profile, tensile, and impact tests were used to evaluate the mechanical behavior, while optical and scanning electron microscopy were employed to evaluate the microstructural changes. The tensile strength was 540 and 275 MPa in dual phase and low carbon, respectively. Weld thermal cycles were obtained by means of K type thermocouples. The welding heat input generated martensite and grain growth in the dual phase heat affect zone, while grain growth and perlite phase increased in the low carbon heat affected zone. The variation in microhardness profile was produced by the presence of different phases, and the temperature at the end of dual phase heat affect zone was approximately 242 °C. During impact tests, the absorbed energies were 19.3, 50.7, and 50.2 J for low carbon, dual phase steel, and the welded dissimilar joint respectively. Finally, dissimilar welding subjected to tensile test failed in the low carbon steel (270 MPa), out of the heat affect zone, thus a good dissimilar joint between both steels was obtained. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Properties Assessment of Alloys during Welding Process)
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20 pages, 6908 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Impact Toughness in Simulated Coarse-Grained Heat-Affected Zone of Al-Deoxidized and Ti-Deoxidized Offshore Steels
by Henri Tervo, Antti Kaijalainen, Vahid Javaheri, Mohammed Ali, Tuomas Alatarvas, Mikko Mehtonen, Severi Anttila and Jukka Kömi
Metals 2021, 11(11), 1783; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111783 - 5 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1926
Abstract
The presence of acicular ferrite (AF) in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of steels used offshore is generally seen as beneficial for toughness. In this study, the effects of varying fractions of AF (0–49 vol.%) were assessed in the simulated, unaltered and coarse-grained heat-affected [...] Read more.
The presence of acicular ferrite (AF) in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of steels used offshore is generally seen as beneficial for toughness. In this study, the effects of varying fractions of AF (0–49 vol.%) were assessed in the simulated, unaltered and coarse-grained heat-affected zones (CGHAZ) of three experimental steels. Two steels were deoxidized using Ti and one using Al. The characterization was carried out by using electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, electron backscatter diffraction and X-ray diffraction. The fraction of AF varied with the heat input and cooling time applied in the Gleeble thermomechanical simulator. AF was present in one of the Ti-deoxidized steels with all the applied cooling times, and its fraction increased with increasing cooling time. However, in other materials, only a small fraction (13–22%) of AF was present and only when the longest cooling time was applied. The impact toughness of the simulated specimens was evaluated using instrumented Charpy V-notch testing. Contrary to the assumption, the highest impact toughness was obtained in the conventional Al-deoxidized steel with little or no AF in the microstructure, while the variants with the highest fraction of AF had the lowest impact toughness. It was concluded that the coarser microstructural and inclusion features of the steels with AF and also the fraction of AF may not have been great enough to improve the CGHAZ toughness of the steels investigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Properties Assessment of Alloys during Welding Process)
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