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Micromachines
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Environmental Monitoring, Food Safety and Human Health in Microfluidics and...
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Environmental Monitoring, Food Safety and Human Health in Microfluidics and Microsystems Applications

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "E：Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 2769

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yang Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
Interests: microfluidic sensors; additive manufacturing; machine learning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The fields of microfluidics and microsystems have witnessed significant advancements in recent years, offering novel and innovative solutions to real-world problems in various applications. The integration of these technologies into environmental monitoring, food safety, and human health has led to the development of numerous lab-on-a-chip and microfluidic-based systems that have improved the speed, sensitivity, and accuracy of analysis, detection, and diagnosis.

This Special Issue aims to bring together the latest research and developments in microfluidics and microsystems applications for environmental monitoring, food safety, and human health. We invite contributions from researchers working in academia, industry, and government agencies covering a range of topics, including, but not limited to:

  • Microfluidic-based sensors for environmental monitoring and pollution detection;
  • Micro/nanoscale biosensors for food safety analysis and detection of contaminants;
  • Lab-on-a-chip systems for point-of-care diagnosis and monitoring of human health;
  • Microfluidic-based platforms for drug discovery, development, and delivery;
  • Micro/nanoscale technologies for precision agriculture and food production;
  • Microfluidic-based systems for water quality monitoring and analysis;
  • Micro/nanoscale devices for detection and characterization of biomolecules;
  • Integration of microfluidics with imaging and spectroscopic techniques for environmental and health monitoring;
  • Emerging microfluidic and microsystem technologies for personalized medicine and healthcare.

We welcome original research articles, review papers, and communications that provide insights into the recent advancements, challenges, and future directions in this field. This Special Issue aims to bring together experts in the field to present their latest research findings, discuss the challenges and limitations, and explore new research opportunities.

We look forward to receiving your submissions!

Dr. Yang Lin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microfluidics
  • environmental monitoring
  • food safety
  • human health
  • lab-on-a-chip
  • biosensors
  • point-of-care diagnosis

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3719 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Unique Motility of the Unicellular Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii at Low Temperatures down to −8 °C
by Kyohei Yamashita, Tomoka Yamaguchi, Shigehiro Ikeno, Asuka Koyama, Tetsuo Aono, Ayaka Mori, Shoto Serizawa, Yuji Ishikawa and Eiji Tokunaga
Micromachines 2024, 15(3), 410; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15030410 - 19 Mar 2024
Viewed by 756
Abstract
Previous studies of motility at low temperatures in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have been conducted at temperatures of up to 15 °C. In this study, we report that C. reinhardtii exhibits unique motility at a lower temperature range (−8.7 to 1.7 °C). Cell motility was [...] Read more.
Previous studies of motility at low temperatures in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have been conducted at temperatures of up to 15 °C. In this study, we report that C. reinhardtii exhibits unique motility at a lower temperature range (−8.7 to 1.7 °C). Cell motility was recorded using four low-cost, easy-to-operate observation systems. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis at room temperature (20–27 °C) showed that the main peak frequency of oscillations ranged from 44 to 61 Hz, which is consistent with the 60 Hz beat frequency of flagella. At lower temperatures, swimming velocity decreased with decreasing temperature. The results of the FFT analysis showed that the major peak shifted to the 5–18 Hz range, suggesting that the flagellar beat frequency was decreasing. The FFT spectra had distinct major peaks in both temperature ranges, indicating that the oscillations were regular. This was not affected by the wavelength of the observation light source (white, red, green or blue LED) or the environmental spatial scale of the cells. In contrast, cells in a highly viscous (3.5 mPa·s) culture at room temperature showed numerous peaks in the 0–200 Hz frequency band, indicating that the oscillations were irregular. These findings contribute to a better understanding of motility under lower-temperature conditions in C. reinhardtii. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Monitoring, Food Safety and Human Health in Microfluidics and Microsystems Applications)
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16 pages, 3667 KiB  
Article
Using Electroporation to Improve and Accelerate Zebrafish Embryo Toxicity Testing
by Nusrat Tazin, Tamara J. Stevenson, Joshua L. Bonkowsky and Bruce K. Gale
Micromachines 2024, 15(1), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15010049 - 26 Dec 2023
Viewed by 868
Abstract
Zebrafish have emerged as a useful model for biomedical research and have been used in environmental toxicology studies. However, the presence of the chorion during the embryo stage limits cellular exposure to toxic elements and creates the possibility of a false-negative or reduced [...] Read more.
Zebrafish have emerged as a useful model for biomedical research and have been used in environmental toxicology studies. However, the presence of the chorion during the embryo stage limits cellular exposure to toxic elements and creates the possibility of a false-negative or reduced sensitivity in fish embryo toxicity testing (FET). This paper presents the use of electroporation as a technique to improve the delivery of toxic elements inside the chorion, increasing the exposure level of the toxins at an early embryo stage (<3 h post-fertilization). A custom-made electroporation device with the required electrical circuitry has been developed to position embryos between electrodes that provide electrical pulses to expedite the entry of molecules inside the chorion. The optimized parameters facilitate material entering into the chorion without affecting the survival rate of the embryos. The effectiveness of the electroporation system is demonstrated using Trypan blue dye and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, 20–40 nm). Our results demonstrate the feasibility of controlling the concentration of dye and nanoparticles delivered inside the chorion by optimizing the electrical parameters, including pulse width, pulse number, and amplitude. Next, we tested silver nanoparticles (AgNPs, 10 nm), a commonly used toxin that can lower mortality, affect heart rate, and cause phenotypic defects. We found that electroporation of AgNPs reduces the exposure time required for toxicity testing from 4 days to hours. Electroporation for FET can provide rapid entry of potential toxins into zebrafish embryos, reducing the time required for toxicity testing and drug delivery experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Monitoring, Food Safety and Human Health in Microfluidics and Microsystems Applications)
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14 pages, 6245 KiB  
Article
Low-Cost Optical pH Sensor with a Polyaniline (PANI)-Sensitive Layer Based on Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) Components
by Serguei Stoukatch, Marc Debliquy, Francois Dupont and Jean-Michel Redouté
Micromachines 2023, 14(12), 2197; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14122197 - 30 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 820
Abstract
In this paper, we presented a novel, compact, conceptually simple, and fully functional low-cost prototype of a pH sensor with a PANI thin film as a sensing layer. The PANI deposition process is truly low-cost; it performs from the liquid phase, does not [...] Read more.
In this paper, we presented a novel, compact, conceptually simple, and fully functional low-cost prototype of a pH sensor with a PANI thin film as a sensing layer. The PANI deposition process is truly low-cost; it performs from the liquid phase, does not required any specialized equipment, and comprises few processing steps. The resulting PANI layer has excellent stability, resistance to solvents, and bio- and chemical compatibility. The pH sensor’s sensing part includes only a few components such as a red-light-emitting diode (LED) as a light source, and a corresponding photodiode (PD) as a detector. Unlike other PANI-based sensors, it requires no sophisticated and expensive techniques and components such lasers to excite the PANI or spectrometry to identify the PANI color change induced by pH variation. The pH sensor is sensitive in the broad pH range of 3 to 9, which is useful for numerous practical applications. The sensor requires a tiny volume of the test specimen, as little as 55 µL. We developed a fully integrated packaging solution for the pH sensor that comprises a limited number of components. The pH sensor comprises exclusively commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components and standard printed circuit boards. The pH sensor is assembled using standard surface mounting technology (SMT). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Monitoring, Food Safety and Human Health in Microfluidics and Microsystems Applications)
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