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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Diet, Supplements, Lifestyle and Human Microbiota: Impacts on Health and...
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Diet, Supplements, Lifestyle and Human Microbiota: Impacts on Health and Disease

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiomes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2155

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Valerio Pazienza

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Gastroenterology Unit IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
Interests: microbiota; gene expression; gastroenterology; pancreatic diseases; liver diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Concetta Finocchiaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dietetic and Clinical Nutrition Unit, City of Health and Science University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
Interests: clinical nutrition; microbiota

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The human microbiota, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract and other districts of the human body, has a crucial role in maintaining health and influencing disease. Recent research has highlighted the significant impact of diet, supplements, and lifestyle on the composition and function of the microbiota, with profound implications for a wide array of clinical conditions. This Special Issue, "Diet, Supplements, Lifestyle and Human Microbiota: Impacts on Health and Disease", aims to explore these dynamic interactions and provide a comprehensive understanding of how targeted interventions can promote well-being and prevent diseases.

In this Special Issue, we will consider articles and case reports that explore the interactions between diet, supplements, and lifestyle and their impact on the human microbiota. By delving into these topics, we aim to highlight the potential of integrative approaches to enhance health and mitigate disease through the modulation of the microbiota.

Dr. Valerio Pazienza
Dr. Concetta Finocchiaro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • human microbiome
  • dysbiosis
  • cancer
  • vaginal microbiota
  • sport
  • nutrition
  • lifestyle
  • pathological condition
  • infertility
  • IVF

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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16 pages, 1104 KiB  
Article
Gut Microbiota Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease: Relation with Cognitive Impairment and Mediterranean Lifestyle
by David Mateo, Nerea Carrión, Cristian Cabrera, Luis Heredia, Montse Marquès, Eva Forcadell-Ferreres, Maria Pino, Josep Zaragoza, Alfons Moral, Lluís Cavallé, José M. González-de-Echávarri, Paloma Vicens, José L. Domingo and Margarita Torrente
Microorganisms 2024, 12(10), 2046; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12102046 - 10 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Recently, an association between dysbiosis of the gut microbiota (GMB) and the development of several diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has been proposed. Dysbiosis involves changes in microbial diversity influenced by environmental factors, like diet or lifestyle. In this study, we investigated [...] Read more.
Recently, an association between dysbiosis of the gut microbiota (GMB) and the development of several diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has been proposed. Dysbiosis involves changes in microbial diversity influenced by environmental factors, like diet or lifestyle. In this study, we investigated the role of GMB parameters in Spanish AD patients, assessing the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle (ML), as well as to characterize these parameters in relation to neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, emotional, and functionality parameters. A case–control study was conducted to investigate the association between the composition of the GMB and cognitive, emotional, neuropsychiatric, and functionality status in Spanish AD patients, along with a shotgun metagenomics approach. Richness and alpha-diversity were significantly lower in the AD group compared to the controls. PERMANOVA and ANOSIM tests of Bray–Curtis dissimilarity, Aitchison distance, and Jaccard similarity did not showed significant differences in beta-diversity between the two groups. Moreover, associations between various phyla of the AD group and orientation performance, food consumption, and activities of daily living were identified. Dysbiosis observed in Spanish AD patients is characterized by reductions in richness and alpha-diversity, alongside alterations in GMB composition, which may be linked to adherence to the ML and cognitive and functionality symptoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Supplements, Lifestyle and Human Microbiota: Impacts on Health and Disease)
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12 pages, 1947 KiB  
Brief Report
A Case Series Report on the Effect of Tofacitinib on Joint Inflammation and Gut Microbiota Composition in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients Naive to Biologic Agents
by Andrea Picchianti Diamanti, Concetta Panebianco, Valeria Di Gioia, Ilaria Anna Bellofatto, Simonetta Salemi, Roberta Di Rosa, Giorgio Sesti, Gabriele Nalli, Gerardo Salerno, Etta Finocchiaro and Bruno Laganà
Microorganisms 2024, 12(12), 2387; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122387 - 21 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Introduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a complex condition within the Spondyloarthritis (SpA) group. Recent studies have focused on the important role of the intestinal microbiota in maintaining immunological homeostasis, highlighting how intestinal dysbiosis may act as a trigger for autoimmune diseases. Tofacitinib is [...] Read more.
Introduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a complex condition within the Spondyloarthritis (SpA) group. Recent studies have focused on the important role of the intestinal microbiota in maintaining immunological homeostasis, highlighting how intestinal dysbiosis may act as a trigger for autoimmune diseases. Tofacitinib is a Janus kinase inhibitor (JAK-i) with proven efficacy for the treatment of both rheumatoid arthritis and PsA. However, there is a lack of data on its ability to reduce joint remission through ultrasonography (US) and the effects it might have on the composition of the gut microbiota. Methods: Here, we present a case series of seven bio-naïve PsA patients who received tofacitinib treatment and were followed up for 12 months. The clinical response was assessed using validated scores (DAPSA, ASDAS, and BASDAI), laboratory tests, and US assessment of the target joint and enthesis. Finally, we evaluated changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota using next-generation sequencing analysis of fecal samples. Results: The patients in the study showed a significant improvement in all clinical scores used; this improvement was also confirmed by a significant reduction in the US synovitis scores. The data on the microbiota analysis suggested that the effectiveness of tofacitinib in ameliorating PsA activity was associated with a relevant modification of some gut bacterial lineages. No cases of severe adverse effects were reported. Conclusions: Treatment with tofacitinib proved to be effective, safe and capable of varying the composition of the gut microbiota by selecting bacterial strains considered beneficial in immune modulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Supplements, Lifestyle and Human Microbiota: Impacts on Health and Disease)
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