Advances in Toxoplasma gondii and Toxoplasmosis

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Parasitology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 414

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
University Center for Health Sciences, University of de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950, Col. Independencia (puerta 7), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
Interests: toxoplasmosis; parasitic diseases; intestinal parasites

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Guest Editor
Grupo Parasitología Molecular (GEPAMOL), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Quindio, Armenia, Colombia
Interests: parasitology; tropical medicine; protozoology; toxoplasma parasitology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Toxoplasma gondii is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. This disease is one of the most widespread worldwide. It has been one hundred and six years since Toxoplasma was discovered. There is no doubt about the advances regarding this parasite, such as knowledge of the genome and the characterization of different strains. A study of the sexual cycle, through comparative analyses of the enteric and exoenteric transcriptomes of T. gondii, has shown that approximately 50% of the 111 SRS protein genes in the parasite genome were significantly increased, in the enteroepithelial form in cats, and 10% of the SRS genes expressed in tachyzoites. This expression pattern may be related to host specificity. Toxoplasma gondii causes severe damage in congenital infections and in immunocompromised, transplant, and cancer patients. It causes damage to the CNS and has an association with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. At the ocular level, the most common form of damage is chorioretinitis. In this Special Issue, we aim to uncover the most recent events on Toxoplasma gondii, transmission mechanisms, life cycle, immune response, diagnosis, treatment, and the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis. For this purpose, we welcome research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and short communications related to this topic. We invite you to participate, considering that your articles have cutting-edge information on this topic.

Prof. Dr. Maria Luz Galván-Ramírez
Prof. Dr. Jorge Enrique Gómez Marín
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Toxoplasma gondii
  • toxoplasmosis
  • immune response
  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • epidemiology

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 4669 KiB  
Article
Interleukins IL33/ST2 and IL1-β in Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Seropositivity of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies
by Karen Franco-De León, Eva Elizabeth Camarena, Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez, Ernesto Barrios-Prieto, Andrea Soto-Venegas, Zamira Helena Hernández-Nazara, Yithzel Guadalupe Luna Rojas and María de la Luz Galván-Ramírez
Microorganisms 2024, 12(7), 1420; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071420 - 12 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is the causal agent of toxoplasmosis. It may produce severe damage in immunocompromised individuals, as well as congenital infection and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Previous reports have associated interleukin IL-33 with miscarriage, fetal damage, and premature delivery [...] Read more.
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is the causal agent of toxoplasmosis. It may produce severe damage in immunocompromised individuals, as well as congenital infection and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Previous reports have associated interleukin IL-33 with miscarriage, fetal damage, and premature delivery due to infections with various microorganisms. However, IL-33 has not been associated with congenital toxoplasmosis. The sST2 receptor has been reported in patients who have had recurrent miscarriages. On the other hand, IL-1β was not found in acute Toxoplasma infection. Our aim was to analyze the associations between the serum levels of IL-33 and IL-1β in IUGR and toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. Eighty-four serum samples from pregnant women who had undergone 26 weeks of gestation were grouped as follows: with anti-Toxoplasma antibodies, without anti-Toxoplasma antibodies, IUGR, and the control group. IgG and IgM anti-T. gondii antibodies, as well as IL-33, ST2, and IL-1β, were determined using an ELISA assay. Statistical analyses were performed using the Pearson and Chi-square correlation coefficients, as well as the risk factors and Odds Ratios (ORs), with a confidence interval of 95% (CI 95). The results showed that 15/84 (17.8%) of cases were positive for IgG anti-Toxoplasma antibodies and 2/84 (2.38%) of cases were positive for IgM. A statistically significant difference was found between IUGR and IL-33 (p < 0.001), as well as between ST2 and IUGR (p < 0.001). In conclusion, IUGR was significantly associated with IL-33 and ST2 positivity based on the overall IUGR grade. No significant association was found between IUGR and the presence of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies. There was no association between IL-1β and IUGR. More research is needed to strengthen the utility of IL-33 and ST2 as biomarkers of IUGR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Toxoplasma gondii and Toxoplasmosis)
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