Navigating Novel Viral Challenges: Understanding, Tracking, and Mitigating Emerging Threats

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Virology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 2090

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Unit of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
Interests: infectious disease; epidemiology; data analysis; predictive modeling; disease management; health informatics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Unit of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
Interests: epidemiology; statistics; molecular evolution
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to explore the dynamic landscape of emerging viral threats, focusing on understanding, tracking, and mitigating these challenges. While encompassing a broad spectrum of viral pathogens, this Special Issue particularly emphasizes the necessity of proactive measures in response to the evolving nature of infectious diseases. Through comprehensive research articles, reviews, and perspectives, this collection will delve into the molecular, epidemiological, and ecological aspects of viral emergence. By elucidating the mechanisms underlying viral spillover, transmission dynamics, and host–pathogen interactions, this Special Issue aims to provide valuable insights into predicting and preventing future outbreaks. Additionally, it will examine the role of advanced surveillance systems, data analytics, and interdisciplinary collaborations in enhancing preparedness and response efforts. Ultimately, this Special Issue seeks to foster a deeper understanding of emerging viral threats and promote evidence-based strategies for safeguarding global health security.

Dr. Francesco Branda
Prof. Dr. Massimo Ciccozzi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • emerging viral threats
  • viral spillover
  • infectious disease dynamics
  • surveillance systems
  • global health security
  • molecular epidemiology
  • viral emergence
  • preparedness and response efforts
  • interdisciplinary collaborations

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 163 KiB  
Editorial
Navigating Novel Viral Challenges: Understanding, Tracking, and Mitigating Emerging Threats
by Francesco Branda and Massimo Ciccozzi
Microorganisms 2024, 12(4), 807; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040807 - 17 Apr 2024
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Abstract
The emergence of new viral threats continues to pose significant challenges to global health security [...] Full article

Research

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12 pages, 709 KiB  
Article
A Survey of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis E Virus at the Human–Wildlife Interface in the Peruvian Amazon
by María Fernanda Menajovsky, Johan Espunyes, Gabriela Ulloa, Stephanie Montero, Andres G. Lescano, Meddly L. Santolalla, Oscar Cabezón and Pedro Mayor
Microorganisms 2024, 12(9), 1868; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091868 - 10 Sep 2024
Viewed by 820
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) are zoonotic pathogens posing significant health concerns in rural Amazonia, a region marked by high endemicity, poverty, and limited healthcare access. However, the epidemiology of HBV and HEV in this ecosystem remains underexplored. This [...] Read more.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) are zoonotic pathogens posing significant health concerns in rural Amazonia, a region marked by high endemicity, poverty, and limited healthcare access. However, the epidemiology of HBV and HEV in this ecosystem remains underexplored. This study examines the circulation of HBV and HEV at the human–wildlife interface and identifies risk factors within an isolated Amazonian indigenous community reliant on hunting for subsistence. Antibodies against HBV core antigens (HBcAbs) were found in three wildlife species: Cuniculus paca (0.8%), Tayassu pecari (1.6%), and Mazama americana (4.1%), marking the first record of HBV antibodies in free-ranging wildlife in the Amazon. However, further research is necessary to identify circulating strains and their relation to human HBV. HBcAbs were also detected in 9.1% of human samples, confirming exposure to HBV in the region. HEV IgG antibodies were present in 17.1% of humans and were associated with higher age. All wildlife and domestic animal samples tested negative for HEV, but transmission through consumption of wild animals and contaminated water needs further investigation. The identified risk factors highlight the urgent need for measures to promote safer food handling, improved sanitation, hygiene, and practices related to contact with wild animals. Full article
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