Gut Microbiota, Diet, and Gastrointestinal Cancer, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 481

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Interests: gut microbiota; intestinal microbiome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. UOC Nutrizione Clinica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
2. Centro di Ricerca e Formazione in Nutrizione Umana, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: clinical nutrition; nutritional prehabilitation; nutrition in oncology; nutrition during radiotherapy; perioperative nutrition; body composition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Microorganisms is a continuation of our 2025 Special Issue titled "Gut Microbiota, Diet, and Gastrointestinal Cancer". Welcome to the second edition of this Special Issue.

The link between the gut microbiota (GM) and gastrointestinal neoplasms is two-way. On the one hand, GM influences the development of neoplasms through the proinflammatory modulation of the local microenvironment; on the other hand, it is influenced by the neoplastic cells themselves and by the various treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, etc.) to which patients are subjected. GM is influenced by prebiotic, probiotic, and postbiotic supplementation, but the best way to modulate it is through dietary patterns.

More thoroughly understanding the type of relationship between nutrition, GM, and gastrointestinal cancers could lead to the development of new treatments and the improvement of supportive therapies along the oncological pathway.

We invite you to submit perspective papers, original papers, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews, as well as meta-analyses related to this Special Issue.

Dr. Flavio De Maio
Dr. Marco Cintoni
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • gut microbiota
  • diet
  • nutrition
  • gastrointestinal cancer
  • colorectal cancer
  • probiotics
  • prebiotics
  • postbiotics
  • radiotherapy
  • chemotherapy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

23 pages, 378 KB  
Review
Optimizing Nutritional Balance: Integrating the Mediterranean Diet into Low-FODMAP Nutrition
by Athanasia Dimitriou, Ioanna Aggeletopoulou and Christos Triantos
Microorganisms 2025, 13(9), 2085; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092085 - 7 Sep 2025
Viewed by 264
Abstract
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder of the digestive system. Its global prevalence varies widely, estimated at up to 10%, due to differences in diagnostic criteria, cultural factors, and dietary patterns. Dietary interventions have emerged as first-line strategies for symptom management, [...] Read more.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder of the digestive system. Its global prevalence varies widely, estimated at up to 10%, due to differences in diagnostic criteria, cultural factors, and dietary patterns. Dietary interventions have emerged as first-line strategies for symptom management, with the low-FODMAP (fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharide and polyol) diet demonstrating robust efficacy in reducing gastrointestinal symptoms by minimizing poorly absorbed, fermentable carbohydrates. However, concerns regarding the long-term nutritional adequacy, potential alterations in gut microbiota composition, and sustainability of the low-FODMAP diet have prompted the need for more integrative and nutritionally balanced dietary models. In contrast, the Mediterranean Diet (MD), rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, nuts, olive oil, and omega-3 fatty acids from fish, is widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory, cardiometabolic, and potential anticarcinogenic effects. Notably, adherence to the MD has been associated with favorable gut microbial profiles and reduced risk of colorectal and other gastrointestinal cancers. However, the high FODMAP content of many MD components limits its immediate compatibility with IBS dietary protocols. This review explores the evidence supporting the integration of MD principles into a low-FODMAP framework for the dietary management of IBS. Rather than proposing a new model, we synthesize existing literature, including recent clinical findings, and offer practical, evidence-informed guidance for tailoring a Mediterranean-style low-FODMAP diet that supports both symptom management and long-term nutritional health. Integrating MD principles into the low-FODMAP approach offers a promising strategy to enhance the nutritional quality, sustainability, and long-term efficacy of dietary management in IBS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiota, Diet, and Gastrointestinal Cancer, 2nd Edition)
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