Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 3694

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
Interests: Helicobacter pylori; gastric cancer; virulence factors; epidemiology; human migration; antibiotics resistance; signal pathways; next generation sequencing
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a major human pathogen whose rampant antimicrobial resistance seriously threatens available therapeutic options. Important directions exist to counteract this situation: the implementation of new regimens (e.g., vonoprazan-based regimens, new antibiotics such as oxazolidinone analogues), the wider use of bismuth-containing regimens and adjuvants involving N-acetylcysteine and probiotics, anti-biofilm approaches using anti-biofilm peptides and rhamnolipids, and the development of vaccines against Hp. In addition to these interesting directions, the optimization of present eradication regimens is still conceivable with increased need of antimicrobial susceptibility testing, which is time-consuming, laborious, and unavailable in many countries. Fortunately, there is growing hope for non-invasive tests and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) methods for reliable drug resistance prediction in Hp. Elucidating molecular mechanisms and genetic attributes allowing Hp to survive antimicrobial insult is also a continuous quest.

The aim of this Special Issue is to give an overall picture of all aspects of antimicrobial resistance in Hp, with particular emphasis on innovative approaches to tackle resistance in clinical practice. For this purpose, we welcome the submission of research articles, review articles, and short communications related to the various aspects of antimicrobial resistance in Hp: molecular mechanisms, detection systems, epidemiology, Hp eradication regimens, and prevention and surveillance systems. We believe that this Special Issue will give an updated insight into the exciting field of Hp, and hope that it will bring new insights for research activities.

As Guest Editor of this Special Issue, I look forward to reviewing your submissions and, together, defining the present state of the science.

Prof. Dr. Yoshio Yamaoka
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Helicobacter pylori
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • whole-genome sequencing
  • eradication therapy
  • new regimens
  • vaccines

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 830 KiB  
Article
Minocycline/Amoxicillin-Based Bismuth Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Pilot Study
by Senlin You, Xiaoqiong Tang, Jiarui Zhou, Yalin Shen, Xiaona Song, Mohammed Benghezal, Barry J. Marshall, Hong Tang and Hong Li
Microorganisms 2024, 12(3), 429; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030429 - 20 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1701
Abstract
The common adverse effects and the complicated administration of tetracycline and metronidazole greatly affect the clinical application of the classical bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) for Helicobacter pylori eradication. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of minocycline/amoxicillin-based BQT for H. [...] Read more.
The common adverse effects and the complicated administration of tetracycline and metronidazole greatly affect the clinical application of the classical bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) for Helicobacter pylori eradication. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of minocycline/amoxicillin-based BQT for H. pylori eradication. Firstly, consecutive H. pylori isolates collected at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between 2018 and 2021 were included for susceptibility testing of tetracycline and minocycline using E-test strips. Secondly, both treatment-naïve and experienced patients were included to receive a 14-day minocycline/amoxicillin-based BQT: esomeprazole 40 mg or vonoprazan 20 mg, bismuth colloidal pectin 300 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, and minocycline 100 mg, all given twice daily. Among a total of 101 H. pylori isolates, tetracycline resistance was 3.0%, whereas minocycline resistance was nil. A total of 114 patients (treatment-naïve/experienced, 72/42) received the minocycline/amoxicillin-based BQT. The overall intention-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) eradication rates were 94.7% (108/114) and 97.3% (108/111), respectively. The ITT and PP eradication rates were 91.7% (66/72) and 95.7% (66/69) among the treatment-naïve patients, and both were 100.0% among the treatment-experienced patients. No serious adverse event was recorded. This pilot study suggests that minocycline/amoxicillin-based BQT is an excellent therapy for H. pylori eradication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori (2nd Edition))
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11 pages, 753 KiB  
Article
Exploring Alternative Treatment Choices for Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Strains of Helicobacter pylori in Mongolia
by Ayush Khangai, Batsaikhan Saruuljavkhlan, Dashdorj Azzaya, Boldbaatar Gantuya, Khasag Oyuntsetseg, Junko Akada, Takashi Matsumoto and Yoshio Yamaoka
Microorganisms 2023, 11(12), 2852; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11122852 - 24 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1557
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a pathogen related to severe diseases such as gastric cancer; because of rising antimicrobial-resistant strains, failure to eradicate H. pylori with antibiotics has increased worldwide. Multidrug-resistant H. pylori and gastric cancer is common in Mongolia; therefore, we aimed to explore [...] Read more.
Helicobacter pylori is a pathogen related to severe diseases such as gastric cancer; because of rising antimicrobial-resistant strains, failure to eradicate H. pylori with antibiotics has increased worldwide. Multidrug-resistant H. pylori and gastric cancer is common in Mongolia; therefore, we aimed to explore alternative antimicrobial treatments and the genomes of resistant strains in this country. A total of 361 H. pylori strains isolated from patients in Mongolia were considered. Minimal inhibitory concentrations for two fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin), rifabutin, and furazolidone were determined via two-fold agar dilution. Genomic mutations in antibiotic-resistant strains were identified by next-generation sequencing using the Illumina Miseq platform and compared with genes from a reference H. pylori strain (26695). The resistance rate of H. pylori strains to quinolones was high (44% to ciprofloxacin and 42% to moxifloxacin), and resistance to rifabutin was low (0.5%); none were resistant to furazolidone. Most quinolone-resistant strains possessed gyrA gene mutations causing amino acid changes (e.g., N87K, A88P, and D91G/Y/N). While one rifabutin-resistant strain had amino acid-substituting mutations in rpoB (D530N and R701C), the other had three novel rpoB mutations; both rifabutin-resistant strains were sensitive to furazolidone. Overall, our findings suggest that rifabutin and/or furazolidone may be an alternative, effective H. pylori treatment in patients who have failed to respond to other treatment regimens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori (2nd Edition))
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