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Microorganisms
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Skin Microbiome, a Long Story of Clinical Trials
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Skin Microbiome, a Long Story of Clinical Trials

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2020) | Viewed by 20925

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lionel Breton

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
Interests: human skin physiology and pharmacology; microbiome; neurobiology; innate immunity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The scientific community continues to demonstrate the functional role of the human gut and skin microbiome as an inspirational source for future therapeutics. Despite the huge potential offered by these discoveries in providing health in the long run, future therapeutics are still limited by the challenges in obtaining relevant clinical outcomes. In recent years, skin has evolved as one of the most extensively described tissue regarding microbiome diversities linked to host physiology, age, environmental exposure, and diseases. Moreover, the role of the skin microbiome has been validated by clinical results with respect to atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis.

This Special Issue gathers recent research and new results of the clinical evaluation of skin microbiome-based treatments. It will serve as guidance for scientists from the biopharmaceutical and academic community to investigate the causal role of the skin microbiota in disease and to create a new generation of microbiome-targeted therapeutics with predictable modes of action and consistent clinical outcomes.

Dr. Lionel Breton
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 1693 KiB  
Article
Microbial Reference Frames Reveal Distinct Shifts in the Skin Microbiota after Cleansing
by Riccardo Sfriso and Joshua Claypool
Microorganisms 2020, 8(11), 1634; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111634 - 23 Oct 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4367
Abstract
Skin cleansing represents a process of mechanical and chemical removal of dirt, pollutants as well as microbiota from the skin. While skin cleansing can help maintain good health, protect us from infections, illnesses and ailments, skin cleansing can also strip away lipids and [...] Read more.
Skin cleansing represents a process of mechanical and chemical removal of dirt, pollutants as well as microbiota from the skin. While skin cleansing can help maintain good health, protect us from infections, illnesses and ailments, skin cleansing can also strip away lipids and moisture from the skin, leading to irritation, barrier impairment and disturbance of the delicate cutaneous microbiome. This study investigated how skin cleansing impacts skin’s microbial composition. Thirty Caucasian women were enrolled in a placebo controlled clinical study where participants applied on their volar forearms a liquid body wash twice daily for 1 week in order to mimic frequent showering. Skin microbiome samples were collected by swabbing at defined timepoints and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed. Using “reference frames”, we could identify shifts in the microbial composition and several microbiota were identified as being characteristically associated with the presence of saccharide isomerate, a well-known skin moisturizer. The microbial shift was quite immediate, and we could observe it already at 1 h post cleansing. Interestingly, the new microbial composition reached a certain dynamic equilibrium at day 1 which was then maintained until the end of the study. Paracoccus marcusii, a potentially beneficial carotenoid-producer microorganism, was enriched by the active treatment and, at the same time, the abundance of several potential pathogenic taxa, Brevibacterium casei and Rothia mucilaginosa, diminished. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Microbiome, a Long Story of Clinical Trials)
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12 pages, 3006 KiB  
Article
Structures of the Skin Microbiome and Mycobiome Depending on Skin Sensitivity
by Hye Lim Keum, Hanbyul Kim, Hye-Jin Kim, Taehun Park, Seoyung Kim, Susun An and Woo Jun Sul
Microorganisms 2020, 8(7), 1032; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071032 - 12 Jul 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5143
Abstract
Sensitive skin (SS) syndrome is a globally widespread, self-diagnosed discomfort characterized by subjective complaints. Although the skin microbiome is considered important in skin health, the relationship between the skin microbiome and skin sensitivity is still unknown. Here, we aimed to (i) investigate whether [...] Read more.
Sensitive skin (SS) syndrome is a globally widespread, self-diagnosed discomfort characterized by subjective complaints. Although the skin microbiome is considered important in skin health, the relationship between the skin microbiome and skin sensitivity is still unknown. Here, we aimed to (i) investigate whether the microbiome and mycobiome of SS are distinct from those of non-sensitive skin (NS), and (ii) define the characteristics of the skin microbiome associated with skin sensitivity. A total of 42 Korean women subjects were recruited (SS, n = 23; NS, n = 19) and the microbiome/mycobiome of their right facial cheeks were analyzed. We identified the differential microbiome and mycobiome structures between SS and NS. The mycobiome of SS was more phylogenetically diverse than that of NS. Lactobacillus and Mucor racemosus were more abundant on SS than NS, whereas Malassezia restricta was less abundant. Interestingly, both skin microbiome and mycobiome varied according to the perceived skin sensitivities of the subjects. This study suggests that the skin microbiome and mycobiome are associated with skin sensitivity. Accordingly, it lays the foundation for developing microbiome-based cosmetics or remedies for individuals suffering from SS syndrome. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Microbiome, a Long Story of Clinical Trials)
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Review

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16 pages, 704 KiB  
Review
Diversity and Composition of the Skin, Blood and Gut Microbiome in Rosacea—A Systematic Review of the Literature
by Klaudia Tutka, Magdalena Żychowska and Adam Reich
Microorganisms 2020, 8(11), 1756; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111756 - 8 Nov 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3841
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder of a not fully understood pathophysiology. Microbial factors, although not precisely characterized, are speculated to contribute to the development of the condition. The aim of the current review was to summarize the rosacea-associated alterations in the [...] Read more.
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder of a not fully understood pathophysiology. Microbial factors, although not precisely characterized, are speculated to contribute to the development of the condition. The aim of the current review was to summarize the rosacea-associated alterations in the skin, blood, and gut microbiome, investigated using culture-independent, metagenomic techniques. A systematic review of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was performed, according to PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses) guidelines. Nine out of 185 papers were eligible for analysis. Skin microbiome was investigated in six studies, and in a total number of 115 rosacea patients. Blood microbiome was the subject of one piece of research, conducted in 10 patients with rosacea, and gut microbiome was studied in two papers, and in a total of 23 rosacea subjects. Although all of the studies showed significant alterations in the composition of the skin, blood, or gut microbiome in rosacea, the results were highly inconsistent, or even, in some cases, contradictory. Major limitations included the low number of participants, and different study populations (mainly Asians). Further studies are needed in order to reliably analyze the composition of microbiota in rosacea, and the potential application of microbiome modifications for the treatment of this dermatosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Microbiome, a Long Story of Clinical Trials)
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14 pages, 1843 KiB  
Review
JAK-STAT Inhibitors in Atopic Dermatitis from Pathogenesis to Clinical Trials Results
by Krzysztof Szalus, Magdalena Trzeciak and Roman J. Nowicki
Microorganisms 2020, 8(11), 1743; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111743 - 6 Nov 2020
Cited by 50 | Viewed by 6896
Abstract
A common disease worldwide is known as atopic dermatitis (AD), named also as atopic eczema, which is a chronic recurrent complex inflammatory skin disorder. It affects 2–10% of the adult population and up to 20% of the pediatric population. The clinical AD picture [...] Read more.
A common disease worldwide is known as atopic dermatitis (AD), named also as atopic eczema, which is a chronic recurrent complex inflammatory skin disorder. It affects 2–10% of the adult population and up to 20% of the pediatric population. The clinical AD picture appears in typically localized eczema and dry skin, and is dominated by a persistent pruritus followed by sleep disturbances. AD strongly impacts on the quality of life of AD patients and their families as well as on social and economic aspects. The pathogenesis of the disease is complex and consists of multiple interactions between immunological disturbances, skin barrier defect, and microbial dysbiosis with environmental influences. The treatment of AD reflects the pathogenetic disorders, starting from basic emollient therapy, and goes to topical anti-inflammatory regimens followed by phototherapy, systemic immunosuppressive drugs, and new biologic immunomodulators. This paper will thus summarize the novel collection of biological treatment JAK-STAT inhibitors dedicated to AD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Microbiome, a Long Story of Clinical Trials)
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