Immune Responses in Cryptosporidium parvum Infection

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Parasitology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2023) | Viewed by 2150

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
UT Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
Interests: cryptosporidiosis; human immune response; clinical tropical diseases

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
UT Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
Interests: intestinal immunity; intestinal inflammation; enteric pathogens; host-microbiome interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cryptosporidiosis was initially recognized in compromised hosts, including patients with AIDS. Cryptosporidium species that infect humans are increasing recognized as major contributors to childhood diarrhea and malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries. In most people, the host response limits cryptosporidiosis to a self-limited or asymptomatic infection, and repeated infections gradually lead to resistance to reinfection. Initial studies on the host response to cryptosporidiosis focused on the CD4 T-cell memory and production of interferon gamma. Subsequent studies are increasingly revealing a complex network of innate and acquired immune responses to the parasite, with roles for innate and adapted lymphocytes, epithelial cells, and innate cells such as dendritic cells. This Special Issue of Microorganisms will focus on the host response to human cryptosporidiosis and the role of different aspects of the host response in controlling cryptosporidiosis.

Prof. Dr. A. Clinton White
Dr. Sara M. Dann
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cryptosporidiosis
  • interferon gamma
  • interferon lambda
  • dendritic cell
  • innate immunity
  • CD4 T cell
  • defensin
  • malnutrition
  • Cryptosporidium hominis
  • Cryptosporidium parvum

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 676 KiB  
Review
Dendritic Cells and Cryptosporidium: From Recognition to Restriction
by Iti Saraav and L. David Sibley
Microorganisms 2023, 11(4), 1056; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11041056 - 18 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1733
Abstract
Host immune responses are required for the efficient control of cryptosporidiosis. Immunity against Cryptosporidium infection has been best studied in mice, where it is mediated by both innate and adaptive immune responses. Dendritic cells are the key link between innate and adaptive immunity [...] Read more.
Host immune responses are required for the efficient control of cryptosporidiosis. Immunity against Cryptosporidium infection has been best studied in mice, where it is mediated by both innate and adaptive immune responses. Dendritic cells are the key link between innate and adaptive immunity and participate in the defense against Cryptosporidium infection. While the effector mechanism varies, both humans and mice rely on dendritic cells for sensing parasites and restricting infection. Recently, the use of mouse-adapted strains C. parvum and mouse-specific strain C. tyzzeri have provided tractable systems to study the role of dendritic cells in mice against this parasite. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in innate immunity acting during infection with Cryptosporidium with a major focus on the role of dendritic cells in the intestinal mucosa. Further work is required to understand the role of dendritic cells in the activation of T cells and to explore associated molecular mechanisms. The identification of Cryptosporidium antigen involved in the activation of Toll-like receptor signaling in dendritic cells during infection is also a matter of future study. The in-depth knowledge of immune responses in cryptosporidiosis will help develop targeted prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immune Responses in Cryptosporidium parvum Infection)
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