Microbial Safety of Water Resources in an Era of Climate Change

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2020) | Viewed by 5927

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, E1A 07-03, Singapore 117576, Singapore
Interests: water quality; pathogens and indicators; antimicrobial resistance; harmful algal blooms; emerging contaminants; environmental modelling; fate and transport processes
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Guest Editor
E2S2 Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore
Interests: aquatic microbial ecology; water quality; indicators and human pathogens; antimicrobial resistance; health-related water issues; water management

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Guest Editor
E2S2 Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore
Interests: aquatic microbial ecology; water quality; indicators and human pathogens; antimicrobial resistance; health-related water issues; water management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Preserving the quality and integrity of water resources is a vital component of ensuring the health and well-being of people and ecosystems worldwide. However, with rapid urbanization and poor planning of large scale development, this has resulted in massive deterioration of much of the world’s precious water resources. More than 80% of wastewater resulting from human activities is discharged into rivers or seas without any pollution removal, and at least 1.8 billion people globally use a source of drinking water that is fecally contaminated. These depressing statistics have been the impetus for the UN Sustainable Development Goal No 6, which seeks to ensure access to clean water and sanitation for all.

As part of this effort, maintaining the microbial quality of water resources is a critical issue that has to be addressed. Water used for potable water supply, irrigation, agriculture, aquaculture, and recreation is already under severe pressure, and innovative and affordable solutions need to be developed and implemented to protect water. This issue is even more challenging in the uncertainty of climate change and global warming. Climate change triggers extreme weather events that increase the frequency and intensity of floods and droughts, leading to fluctuations and unreliability in water supply. Such changes in the water cycle can potentially lead to a deterioration in water quality, as the occurrence, fate, and transport of harmful microorganisms (including pathogens and toxic algae) are intimately associated with changes in runoff, sedimentation, stratification, mixing, and temperature regimes. These impacts of climate change can exponentially amplify an already critical situation and severely negatively impact people and infrastructure, particularly when coupled with population growth, rapid economic development, and intensified land use.

The aims of this Special Issue are to bring together current trends in:

  • Microbial detection methods for surveillance and assessment of water safety and source tracking;
  • Occurrence data from diverse water resources used for water supply, agriculture, aquaculture, and recreation;
  • Mechanisms of survival and fate of pathogens and harmful algae;
  • Modeling and prediction of risks of microbial contaminants.

It is envisioned that this Special Issue will capture new knowledge on diverse water resources from many different countries, highlighting particular issues of concern with respect to climate change. Sharing this information will help to identify and generate solutions to better manage and protect microbial water quality on a global scale and, ultimately, protect water resources, ecosystems, and public health.

Dr. Karina Gin
Dr. Laurence Glass-Haller
Dr. Shin Giek Goh
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pathogens
  • water resources
  • microbial safety
  • water quality
  • climate change

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 2060 KiB  
Article
Fecal Pollution Drives Antibiotic Resistance and Class 1 Integron Abundance in Aquatic Environments of the Bolivian Andes Impacted by Mining and Wastewater
by Jorge Agramont, Sergio Gutiérrez-Cortez, Enrique Joffré, Åsa Sjöling and Carla Calderon Toledo
Microorganisms 2020, 8(8), 1122; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081122 - 26 Jul 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5463
Abstract
An increased abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments has been linked to environmental pollution. Mining polluted sites with high concentration of metals could favor the in situ coselection of ARGs, whereas wastewater discharges release fecal antibiotic resistant bacteria in the [...] Read more.
An increased abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments has been linked to environmental pollution. Mining polluted sites with high concentration of metals could favor the in situ coselection of ARGs, whereas wastewater discharges release fecal antibiotic resistant bacteria in the environment. To study the effect of human fecal contamination and mining pollution, water and sediment samples affected by mining activities and sewage discharges were collected from three lakes in Bolivia, the pristine Andean lake Pata Khota, the Milluni Chico lake directly impacted by acid mine drainage, and the Uru-Uru lake located close to Oruro city and highly polluted by mining activities and human wastewater discharges. Physicochemical parameters, including metal composition, were analyzed in water and sediment samples. ARGs were screened for and verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) together with the mobile element class 1 integron (intl1), as well as crAssphage, a marker of human fecal pollution. The gene intl1 was positively correlated with sul1, sul2, tetA, and blaOXA-2. CrAssphage was only detected in the Uru-Uru lake, and its tributaries and significantly higher abundance of ARGs were found in these sites. Multivariate analysis showed that crAssphage abundance, electrical conductivity, and pH were positively correlated with higher levels of intl1 and ARGs. Taken together, our results suggest that fecal pollution is the major driver of higher levels of ARGs and intl1 in environments contaminated by wastewater and mining activities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Safety of Water Resources in an Era of Climate Change)
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