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Minerals
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Genesis, Geochemistry and Mineralization of Metallic Minerals
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Genesis, Geochemistry and Mineralization of Metallic Minerals

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Deposits".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 4621

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Guangzhou Mao

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Guest Editor
College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
Interests: mineralogy; petrology; economic geology; geochemistry
Prof. Dr. Yuanchuan Zheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: economic geology
Prof. Dr. Haidong Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China
Interests: mineralization of Au, REEs, and Li-Be; relationships between gold mineralization and intrusions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue on "Genesis, Geochemistry, and Mineralization of Metallic Minerals" in Minerals aims to bring together the latest advancements, findings, and perspectives in the field of metallic minerals and their formation processes.

We invite original research articles, reviews, and case studies that address, but are not limited to, the following sections:

  • Genetic mechanisms and processes of metallic minerals:
    The geological, physical, and chemical conditions that lead to the formation of metallic minerals.
  • Geochemical signatures and the applications in exploration:
    Geochemical analyses to identify and map mineral deposits and to understand the processes that lead to their formation and how they can be used in exploration.
  • Geochronology and isotopic studies of metallic deposits:
    Use radioactive dating techniques to determine the age of metallic deposits and the isotopic signatures of their minerals to better understand the timing and processes of mineralization and to identify the sources of mineralizing fluids.
  • Advances in analytical techniques and mineralogical investigations:
    Use advanced imaging and analytical techniques to study the microstructure and chemical composition of minerals, as well as their crystallographic features.

We look forward to your valuable contribution and to advancing the understanding of metallic mineral genesis, geochemistry, and mineralization.

Prof. Dr. Guangzhou Mao
Prof. Dr. Yuanchuan Zheng
Prof. Dr. Haidong Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • genetic mechanisms of metallic minerals
  • mineralization processes of metallic minerals
  • ore-forming environments of metallic minerals
  • geochemical signatures and the applications in exploration of metallic minerals
  • geochronology and isotopic studies of metallic minerals
  • advances in analytical techniques of metallic minerals

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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20 pages, 22074 KiB  
Article
Elucidating the Genetic Mechanism and the Ore-Forming Materials of the Kaladawan Iron Deposit in the North Altyn Tagn, Western China
by Yuyao Chen, Yuting Cao, Liang Liu, Chao Wang, Wenqiang Yang, Yongsheng Gai, Tianhe Xie, Lihao Song and Fei Xie
Minerals 2024, 14(6), 589; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14060589 - 3 Jun 2024
Viewed by 411
Abstract
The Kaladawan iron deposit is located in the North Altyn Tagh and exhibits occurrences of iron ore bodies at the contact zone between Ordovician magmatic rocks (basalts, rhyolite, and granodiorite) and marble. However, controversy persists regarding the genetic classification and metallogenic mechanism of [...] Read more.
The Kaladawan iron deposit is located in the North Altyn Tagh and exhibits occurrences of iron ore bodies at the contact zone between Ordovician magmatic rocks (basalts, rhyolite, and granodiorite) and marble. However, controversy persists regarding the genetic classification and metallogenic mechanism of this deposit. Through a field investigation, single mineral in situ geochemical analysis, whole-rock geochemical analysis, and Fe isotope determination, the following conclusions are made: (1) Ti-(Ni/Cr) and (V/Ti)-Fe diagrams indicate that the magnetite from all studied rocks underwent hydrothermal metasomatism, while (Ni/(Cr + Mn))-(Ti + V) and (Ca + Al + Mn)-(Ti + V) diagrams suggest a skarn origin for these magnetites. Therefore, it can be inferred that the Kaladawan iron deposit is skarn-type. (2) The iron ore exhibits similar rare-earth-element characteristics to the altered basalt. Additionally, the altered basalts (δ56Fe = 0.024~0.100‰) are more enriched in light Fe isotopes than the unaltered basalts (δ56Fe = 0.129~0.197‰) at the same location, indicating that the ore-forming materials of the Kaladawan iron ore are mainly derived from basaltic rocks. (3) According to the law of mass conservation and the intermediate Fe isotopic composition of the iron ore between the granodiorite and basalt, the hydrothermal fluid for the formation of iron ores was inferred to be derived from the late intrusive granodiorite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genesis, Geochemistry and Mineralization of Metallic Minerals)
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17 pages, 4446 KiB  
Article
Petrogenesis of the Early Cretaceous Tietonggou Diorite and Its Geological Implications
by Guo Ye, Guangzhou Mao, Qinglin Xu, Zhengjiang Ding, Yanchao Han, Huiji Zhao and Ying Shen
Minerals 2024, 14(4), 390; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14040390 - 9 Apr 2024
Viewed by 908
Abstract
The Tietonggou pluton is mainly composed of gabbroic diorite and diorite. The petrology, zircon U-Pb age, and geochemistry of the Tietonggou diorite have been studied to determine its petrogenesis and metallogenic significance. The diorite samples have 56–58 wt% SiO2 and 11–14 wt% [...] Read more.
The Tietonggou pluton is mainly composed of gabbroic diorite and diorite. The petrology, zircon U-Pb age, and geochemistry of the Tietonggou diorite have been studied to determine its petrogenesis and metallogenic significance. The diorite samples have 56–58 wt% SiO2 and 11–14 wt% Al2O3 and are peraluminous and sodic (Na2O/K2O = 1.29–2.07). All the samples are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs; e.g., Rb, Ba, and Sr) but depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) and high field strength elements (HFSEs; e.g., Zr, Nb, and Ta), suggesting subduction-related affinities. The rocks have narrow ranges of (206Pb/204Pb)t (18.5–19.0), (207Pb/204Pb)t (15.71–15.75), and (208Pb/204Pb)t (38.4–39.0) ratios, respectively. Zircons from the Tietonggou diorite yielded a weighted average U-Pb age of 132.86 ± 0.92 Ma (MSWD = 0.48), whilst those from the nearby Laowa diorite yielded 129.72 ± 0.61 Ma (MSWD = 1.05). This suggests that the rocks represent Early Cretaceous plutons, coeval with the peak lithospheric thinning in eastern North China Craton (NCC). The magma likely originated from partial melting of the enriched lithospheric mantle and was contaminated by ancient lower NCC crustal materials. Our study clarifies the tectonic background of the Tietonggou pluton and provides support for the study of the genesis of Fe–skarn deposits in western Shandong. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genesis, Geochemistry and Mineralization of Metallic Minerals)
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18 pages, 9954 KiB  
Article
In Situ Trace Element and S-Pb Isotope Study of Pyrite from the Denggezhuang Gold Deposit in the Jiaodong Peninsula—Insights into the Occurrence of Gold and the Source of Ore-Forming Materials
by Junjin Zhang, Zhengjiang Ding, Junwei Bo, Pan Ji, Tingting Li and Wei Xin
Minerals 2024, 14(2), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14020158 - 31 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1185
Abstract
The Jiaodong gold province is one of the most important gold fields globally and the largest in China. The Denggezhuang gold deposit is situated in the eastern portion of the Muping metallogenic belt, within the Jiaodong gold province. Despite many recent investigations, detailed [...] Read more.
The Jiaodong gold province is one of the most important gold fields globally and the largest in China. The Denggezhuang gold deposit is situated in the eastern portion of the Muping metallogenic belt, within the Jiaodong gold province. Despite many recent investigations, detailed mineralogical studies, particularly on auriferous minerals such as pyrite, are lacking. Therefore, further constraints on the occurrence mode and source of gold are necessary for this deposit. This study employed in situ laser ablation (multi-collector) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) trace element and sulfur-lead isotopic analyses on pyrite at different stages. The aim was to reveal the occurrence status of various trace elements within Denggezhuang pyrite and to trace the complete evolution process of multi-stage fluids at Denggezhuang, elucidating the sources of gold mineralization. Four generations of pyrite in chronological order, Py-1, Py-2a, Py-2b, and Py-3, were identified via petrographic and backscattered electron (BSE) image analyses. Using in situ LA-MC-ICP-MS, we found that Co and Ni are most abundant in Py-1, while Py-2b is rich in As, Au, Ag, Pb, and Zn, reflecting the evolution of the mineralizing fluids in different mineralization stages. Py-2b contains a significant amount of invisible lattice gold, which migrates and precipitates within fluids rich in As. The in situ LA-MC-ICP-MS S-Pb isotopic analysis of pyrite indicates a relatively consistent source of ore-forming materials across different stages. Additionally, the S-Pb isotope characteristics resemble those of widely distributed coeval mafic dikes. Therefore, we propose that a water-rich, fertile, and deep-seated mafic magmatic system might have provided fluids, materials, and heat for mineralization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genesis, Geochemistry and Mineralization of Metallic Minerals)
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13 pages, 2999 KiB  
Article
The Presence of Wodginite in Lithium–Fluorine Granites as an Indicator of Tantalum and Tin Mineralization: A Study of Abu Dabbab and Nuweibi Massifs (Egypt)
by Viktor I. Alekseev and Ivan V. Alekseev
Minerals 2023, 13(11), 1447; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13111447 - 16 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1476
Abstract
This study examines the accessory wodginite and the discovery of titanium-bearing wodginite and Fe and Ti-bearing wodginite in lithium-fluorine granites from the Abu Dabbab and Nuweibi massifs in Eastern Egypt. The wodginite group’s mineral association includes tantalum-bearing cassiterite and tin-bearing tantalum–niobate minerals: tantalite-(Mn), [...] Read more.
This study examines the accessory wodginite and the discovery of titanium-bearing wodginite and Fe and Ti-bearing wodginite in lithium-fluorine granites from the Abu Dabbab and Nuweibi massifs in Eastern Egypt. The wodginite group’s mineral association includes tantalum-bearing cassiterite and tin-bearing tantalum–niobate minerals: tantalite-(Mn), columbite-(Mn), and microlite. Three forms of wodginite crystallization were identified: (1) rims around columbite-(Mn) and tantalite-(Mn) varying from 1.5 to 21.9 μm in thickness, (2) micro-inclusions in cassiterite ranging from 5.4 to 27.0 μm in size, and (3) autonomous crystals measuring 3–124 μm in length. Wodginite in the Nuweibi massif is mainly found in porphyritic granite of late-stage porphyry intrusion. It has a similar composition to the worldwide wodginite of rare-metal granites, but exhibits a lower content of TiO2 (average 0.54%) and is a mineral indicator of rich tantalum ore deposits. In contrast, wodginite in the Abu Dabbab massif is replaced by titanium-bearing wodginite (Ti/(Sn + BTa + Ti + Fe3+) = 0.23) and is associated with Fe and Ti-bearing wodginite. Wodginite and Ti-bearing wodginite are maximally enriched in manganese (Mn/(Mn + Fe2+ +Ca) = 0.95), expressed in all intrusive phases of the massif, and are mineral indicators of tantalum-bearing granites with associated cassiterite-quartz mineralization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genesis, Geochemistry and Mineralization of Metallic Minerals)
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