Bioleaching of Metals from Waste/Wastewater

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Mineralogy and Biogeochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1102

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Centre for Mineral Biogeochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
Interests: applied and environmental microbiology; geomicrobiology; waste management; biogeochemistry; resource recycling

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Mineral Biogeochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
Interests: waste management; biotechnology; environmental microbiology; wastewater treatment; pollution abatement; ecotoxicology

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Mineral Biogeochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
Interests: applied and environmental microbiology; biogeochemistry; bioremediation; biofertilization; nature-based solutions; soil rehabilitation; environmental forensics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The incessant disposal of solid waste and wastewater into the immediate environment has been a global issue of concern, posing serious threats to ecosystems and public health. These waste materials, including electronic waste (e-waste), fly ash, slag, spent lithium-ion batteries and refinery catalysts, sewage sludge, acid mine drainage, etc., are heterogeneous in nature and consist of a variety of valuable metals in large quantities. The proper management of these waste materials is crucial to prevent environmental hazards and promote metal recovery. Therefore, bioleaching is a green and sustainable technology that requires the metabolic potential of microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and microalgae) for the solubilization and mobilization of metals from waste materials. It is the method of choice nowadays due to its simplicity, effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and low cost in the presence of active bioagents. Research in this field is expected to promote the drive for the reuse of industrial solid waste and waste effluent and boost the market value and demand of metals for various applications in jewelry, electronics, computers, automotive, dentistry, etc. This Special Issue aims to present recent and ground-breaking advances in the areas of metal recovery from industrial solid waste and wastewater using microbial biotechnology.

Therefore, this Special Issue invites submissions of original scientific research relating to the bioextraction of metals from solid wastes and wastewater. It focuses on the following topics:

  • Bioleaching of precious metals, base metals, and rare earth elements from industrial solid waste and wastewater, using pure or consortium microorganisms;
  • Exploration of the metal leaching potential of extremophiles;
  • Optimization strategies for large-scale bioleaching of metals using genetically engineered organisms;
  • The roles of enzymes, mutagens, metal, and non-metal ion catalysts, surfactants, and biochar in enhancing metal recovery from solid waste and wastewater;
  • Bioreactor designs and applications for waste valorization for enhanced metal recovery;
  • Application of innovative and emerging technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoTs) and machine learning for sustainable and efficient metal recovery;
  • Techno-economic and environmental sustainability studies of metal biorecovery technologies.

Dr. Adegoke Isiaka Adetunji
Prof. Dr. Paul Johan Oberholster
Dr. Mariana Erasmus
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • bioleaching
  • solid waste
  • microorganisms
  • valuable metals
  • circular bioeconomy
  • waste management
  • wastewater
  • resource recovery
  • biohydrometallurgy
  • recycling

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

23 pages, 2102 KiB  
Review
Unraveling the Potentials of Extremophiles in Bioextraction of Valuable Metals from Industrial Solid Wastes: An Overview
by Adegoke Isiaka Adetunji and Mariana Erasmus
Minerals 2024, 14(9), 861; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14090861 - 24 Aug 2024
Viewed by 402
Abstract
The continuous dumping of industrial solid wastes into the immediate environment is incommodious since these waste materials cause pollution and serious hazards to human health. In addition, these solid wastes are complex and consist of toxic chemical substances, heavy metals, and valuable metals, [...] Read more.
The continuous dumping of industrial solid wastes into the immediate environment is incommodious since these waste materials cause pollution and serious hazards to human health. In addition, these solid wastes are complex and consist of toxic chemical substances, heavy metals, and valuable metals, hence warranting treatment before disposal. Bioleaching is a green and sustainable technology for the solubilization and mobilization of metals from solid matrices. The leaching efficacy is contingent on the types and physiology of the organisms, the elemental content of the solid wastes, and the presence of appropriate bioprocess parameters at optimum conditions. Extremophilic microbes, including thermophiles, acidophiles, alkaliphiles, and halophiles, are recognized as excellent biological agents for the efficient bioextraction of metals from industrial solid wastes due to their aptitude for survival under harsh bioleaching conditions. Therefore, this review provides insights into the employability of extremophilic microorganisms as a biofactory for the recovery of valuable metals from various industrial solid wastes. More so, it discusses the sustainability of the bioleaching technique in terms of its life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioleaching of Metals from Waste/Wastewater)
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20 pages, 1884 KiB  
Review
Multi-Scale and Trans-Disciplinary Research and Technology Developments of Heap Bioleaching
by Yan Jia, Renman Ruan, Jingkui Qu, Qiaoyi Tan, Heyun Sun and Xiaopeng Niu
Minerals 2024, 14(8), 808; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080808 - 10 Aug 2024
Viewed by 426
Abstract
Heap bioleaching is considered to be a less energy-intensive metal-extraction technique compared to other methods, making it particularly attractive for low-grade sulfide ores. It has been successfully applied to recovery of copper, gold, and uranium from ores over decades. Despite its seemingly straightforward [...] Read more.
Heap bioleaching is considered to be a less energy-intensive metal-extraction technique compared to other methods, making it particularly attractive for low-grade sulfide ores. It has been successfully applied to recovery of copper, gold, and uranium from ores over decades. Despite its seemingly straightforward nature, heap bioleaching can experience failures if the ore is unsuitable or the heap leach process is not thoroughly investigated and well-developed. Therefore, multidisciplinary approaches are essential for research and development in heap bioleaching, as its performance depends on numerous processes operating across a wide range of length scales. This review focused on the current state of knowledge regarding the understanding of multi-scale mechanisms in heap bioleaching and the use of multidisciplinary approaches at different scales to develop the process. The investigation covered various scales, such as atomic and molecular, mineralogy and microbes, reaction particles, heap bioleaching units and full-scale factory production. Different approaches were employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the microbial molecular structure and metabolism, the structure and reaction of minerals, microbial–mineral interaction, particles and aggregation states, and multiphase flow transfer, as well as laboratory experiments, modeling, industrialization, and operation optimization. We emphasized the need for collaboration among researchers from different disciplines and stress the importance of considering the coupling effects of physical, chemical, and microbiological factors when running heap bioleaching plants. Such collaboration and coupling are vital for successful implementation and optimization of heap bioleaching processes. This paper aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of current research related to heap bioleaching at different scales and disciplines, and gave implications to heap bioleaching technology development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioleaching of Metals from Waste/Wastewater)
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