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Recent Advances in Protein-Drug Conjugates: From Bioanalytical, Drug Metabolism to Pharmacokinetics

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2024) | Viewed by 4484

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
Interests: drug metabolism; metabolite identification; pharmacokinetics; antibody–drug conjugates; albumin–drug conjugates; small molecules; ASO; SiRNA; PROTAC; CAR-T
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Protein–drug conjugates such as antibody–drug conjugates (ADC) have recently received significant attention due to their dramatic clinical efficacies with acceptable toxicity profiles, particularly as novel anticancer drugs. This approach comprises a protein (i.e., monoclonal antibody) conjugated to the cytotoxic payload via a chemical linker directed toward a target antigen expressed on the cancer cell surface, reducing systemic exposure and, therefore, toxicity. Thus, ADC is one of the most popular platforms but also requires a good balance among various components such as monoclonal antibody, linker, and payload from drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic perspectives. Albumin–drug conjugates (ALDCs) are another good novel platform of choice due to favorable distribution to the tumor as well as a long half-life. ALDCs are also receiving increased attention from the pharmaceutical industry as an alternative approach to overcome various cancers. In addition to protein or linker sides, new payloads are also recently introduced, such as immuno-modulators, molecular glues, and PROTACs for conjugation. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to encompass (but is not limited to) the following areas, particularly from bioanalytical, drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics perspectives:

  • Antibody–drug conjugates (ADC);
  • Albumin–drug conjugates(ALDC);
  • Protein–drug conjugates (PDC);
  • Novel linkers or payloads for ADC or ALDC or PDC;
  • Novel payloads for ADC or ALDC or PDC.

Prof. Dr. Young G. Shin
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • protein–drug conjugates
  • antibody–drug conjugates
  • albumin–drug conjugates
  • linkers
  • payloads
  • bioanalytical
  • drug metabolism
  • pharmacokinetics
  • pharmacodynamics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3062 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of In Vivo Prepared Albumin-Drug Conjugate Using Immunoprecipitation Linked LC-MS Assay and Its Application to Mouse Pharmacokinetic Study
by Jeong-Hyeon Lim, Minjae Park, Yuri Park, Seo-Jin Park, Jiyu Lee, Sangsoo Hwang, Jeongmin Lee, Yujin Lee, Eunjeong Jo and Young G. Shin
Molecules 2023, 28(7), 3223; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073223 - 4 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2073
Abstract
There have been many attempts in pharmaceutical industries and academia to improve the pharmacokinetic characteristics of anti-tumor small-molecule drugs by conjugating them with large molecules, such as monoclonal antibodies, called ADCs. In this context, albumin, one of the most abundant proteins in the [...] Read more.
There have been many attempts in pharmaceutical industries and academia to improve the pharmacokinetic characteristics of anti-tumor small-molecule drugs by conjugating them with large molecules, such as monoclonal antibodies, called ADCs. In this context, albumin, one of the most abundant proteins in the blood, has also been proposed as a large molecule to be conjugated with anti-cancer small-molecule drugs. The half-life of albumin is 3 weeks in humans, and its distribution to tumors is higher than in normal tissues. However, few studies have been conducted for the in vivo prepared albumin-drug conjugates, possibly due to the lack of robust bioanalytical methods, which are critical for evaluating the ADME/PK properties of in vivo prepared albumin-drug conjugates. In this study, we developed a bioanalytical method of the albumin-conjugated MAC glucuronide phenol linked SN-38 ((2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-(4-(((((((S)-4,11-diethyl-4-hydroxy-3,14-dioxo-3,4,12,14-tetrahydro-1H-pyrano [3′,4′:6,7] indolizino [1,2-b] quinolin-9-yl)oxy)methyl)(2 (methylsulfonyl)ethyl)carbamoyl)oxy)methyl)-2-(2-(3-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-N-methylpropanamido)acetamido)phenoxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetra-hydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid) as a proof-of-concept. This method is based on immunoprecipitation using magnetic beads and the quantification of albumin-conjugated drug concentration using LC-qTOF/MS in mouse plasma. Finally, the developed method was applied to the in vivo intravenous (IV) mouse pharmacokinetic study of MAC glucuronide phenol-linked SN-38. Full article
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Review

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14 pages, 2165 KiB  
Review
Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADC) in HER2/neu-Positive Gynecologic Tumors
by Blair McNamara, Michelle Greenman, Nicole Pebley, Levent Mutlu and Alessandro D. Santin
Molecules 2023, 28(21), 7389; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217389 - 2 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2066
Abstract
Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new class of targeted anti-cancer therapies that combine a monoclonal tumor-surface-receptor-targeting antibody with a highly cytotoxic molecule payload bonded through specifically designed cleavable or non-cleavable chemical linkers. One such tumor surface receptor is human epidermal growth factor 2 [...] Read more.
Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new class of targeted anti-cancer therapies that combine a monoclonal tumor-surface-receptor-targeting antibody with a highly cytotoxic molecule payload bonded through specifically designed cleavable or non-cleavable chemical linkers. One such tumor surface receptor is human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), which is of interest for the treatment of many gynecologic tumors. ADCs enable the targeted delivery of a variety of cytotoxic therapies to tumor cells while minimizing delivery to healthy tissues. This review summarizes the existing literature about HER2-targeting ADC therapies approved for use in gynecologic malignancies, relevant preclinical studies, strategies to address ADC resistance, and ongoing clinical trials. Full article
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