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Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Studies of Chemical Pesticides

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Organic Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 5465

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Chengxia Tan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
Interests: pesticide science; fine chemicals; organic chemistry; agrochemicals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chemical pesticides play a vital role in solving food problems. However, with the gradual deepening of people's awareness of environmental protection, pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity, and environmental protection have become an inevitable trend in the creation of new pesticides. Undoubtedly, nitrogen- and oxygen-containing heterocyclic structures are important features of synthetic pesticides due to their high efficiency, multiple biological activities, and diversity of possible substituents.

Manuscript adopted by Molecules may additionally include the following types of papers: articles, reviews, communications, brief reports, etc.

Prof. Dr. Chengxia Tan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pesticide
  • nitrogen- or oxygen-containing heterocyclic structure
  • biological activity
  • pesticide science
  • agrochemicals

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 5039 KiB  
Article
Discovery of a New Class of Lipophilic Pyrimidine-Biphenyl Herbicides Using an Integrated Experimental-Computational Approach
by Yitao Yan, Yinglu Chen, Hanxian Hu, Youwei Jiang, Zhengzhong Kang and Jun Wu
Molecules 2024, 29(11), 2409; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29112409 - 21 May 2024
Viewed by 525
Abstract
Herbicides are useful tools for managing weeds and promoting food production and sustainable agriculture. In this study, we report on the development of a novel class of lipophilic pyrimidine-biphenyl (PMB) herbicides. Firstly, three PMBs, Ia, IIa, and IIIa, were rationally [...] Read more.
Herbicides are useful tools for managing weeds and promoting food production and sustainable agriculture. In this study, we report on the development of a novel class of lipophilic pyrimidine-biphenyl (PMB) herbicides. Firstly, three PMBs, Ia, IIa, and IIIa, were rationally designed via a scaffold hopping strategy and were determined to inhibit acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS). Computational simulation was carried out to investigate the molecular basis for the efficiency of PMBs against AHAS. With a rational binding mode, and the highest in vitro as well as in vivo potency, Ia was identified as a preferable hit. Furthermore, these integrated analyses guided the design of eighteen new PMBs, which were synthesized via a one-step Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. These new PMBs, Iba-ic, were more effective in post-emergence control of grass weeds compared with Ia. Interestingly, six of the PMBs displayed 98–100% inhibition in the control of grass weeds at 750 g ai/ha. Remarkably, Ica exhibited ≥ 80% control against grass weeds at 187.5 g ai/ha. Overall, our comprehensive and systematic investigation revealed that a structurally distinct class of lipophilic PMB herbicides, which pair excellent herbicidal activities with new interactions with AHAS, represent a noteworthy development in the pursuit of sustainable weed control solutions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Studies of Chemical Pesticides)
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13 pages, 1331 KiB  
Article
Synthesis, Antioxidant, and Antifungal Activities of β-Ionone Thiazolylhydrazone Derivatives and Their Application in Anti-Browning of Freshly Cut Potato
by Cong Huang, Yuan Zhong, Rong Zeng, Jie Wang, Qingwen Fang, Shuzhen Xiao, Ji Zhang, Zongde Wang, Shangxing Chen and Dayong Peng
Molecules 2023, 28(18), 6713; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186713 - 20 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1005
Abstract
In order to develop a new type of antioxidants with high efficiency, a series of β-ionone thiazolylhydrazone derivatives were designed and synthesized from β-ionone, and their structures were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and HR-MS. The antioxidant test in vitro indicated [...] Read more.
In order to develop a new type of antioxidants with high efficiency, a series of β-ionone thiazolylhydrazone derivatives were designed and synthesized from β-ionone, and their structures were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and HR-MS. The antioxidant test in vitro indicated that most of the target compounds had high biological activity. Among them, compound 1k exhibited very strong DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical)-scavenging activity with a half-maximal effective concentration (IC50) of 86.525 μM. Furthermore, in the ABTS (2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) diammonium salt)-scavenging experiment, compound 1m exhibited excellent activity with an IC50 of 65.408 μM. Their biological activities were significantly better than those of the positive control Trolox. These two compounds, which have good free-radical-scavenging activity in vitro, were used as representative compounds in the anti-browning experiment of fresh-cut potatoes. The results showed that 1k and 1m had the same anti-browning ability as kojic acid, and they were effective browning inhibitors. In addition, it is well known that microbial infection is one of the reasons for food oxidation. Therefore, we investigated the antifungal activity of 25 target compounds against eight plant fungi at a concentration of 125 mg/L. The results indicated that these compounds all have some antifungal activity and may become new potential fungicides. Notably, compound 1u showed the best inhibitory effect against Poria vaporaria, with an inhibition rate as high as 77.71%; it is expected to become the dominant structure for the development of new antifungal agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Studies of Chemical Pesticides)
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12 pages, 1295 KiB  
Article
Structure-Based Bioisosterism Design, Synthesis, Biological Activity and Toxicity of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Substituted Benzamides Analogues Containing Pyrazole Rings
by Min-Ting Tu, Ying-Ying Shao, Sen Yang, Bin-Long Sun, Ying-Ying Wang, Cheng-Xia Tan and Xue-Dong Wang
Molecules 2022, 27(15), 4692; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154692 - 22 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1621
Abstract
In order to discover pesticidal lead compounds with high activity and low toxicity, a series of novel benzamides substituted with pyrazole-linked 1,2,4-oxadiazole were designed via bioisosterism. The chemical structures of the target compounds were confirmed via 1H NMR, 13C NMR and [...] Read more.
In order to discover pesticidal lead compounds with high activity and low toxicity, a series of novel benzamides substituted with pyrazole-linked 1,2,4-oxadiazole were designed via bioisosterism. The chemical structures of the target compounds were confirmed via 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS analysis. The preliminary bioassay showed that most compounds exhibited good lethal activities against Mythimna separate, Helicoverpa armigera, Ostrinia nubilalis and Spodoptera frugiperda at 500 mg/L. Particularly in the case of Mythimna separate, compound 14q (70%) exhibited obvious insecticidal activity. In addition, compound 14h demonstrated good fungicidal activity against Pyricularia oryae with an inhibition rate of 77.8%, and compounds 14e, 14k, 14n and 14r also showed certain antifungal activities (55.6–66.7%). The zebrafish toxicity test showed that the LC50 of compound 14h was 14.01 mg/L, which indicated that it may be used as a potential leading compound for further structural optimization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Studies of Chemical Pesticides)
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Review

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19 pages, 6366 KiB  
Review
Advancement of Phenoxypyridine as an Active Scaffold for Pesticides
by Yanfei Liu, Bin Fu, Yanjun Xu, Bo Ren and Zhaohai Qin
Molecules 2022, 27(20), 6803; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206803 - 11 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1791
Abstract
Phenoxypyridine, the bioisostere of diaryl ethers, has been widely introduced into bioactive molecules as an active scaffold, which has different properties from diaryl ethers. In this paper, the bioactivities, structure-activity relationships, and mechanism of compounds containing phenoxypyridine were summarized, which may help to [...] Read more.
Phenoxypyridine, the bioisostere of diaryl ethers, has been widely introduced into bioactive molecules as an active scaffold, which has different properties from diaryl ethers. In this paper, the bioactivities, structure-activity relationships, and mechanism of compounds containing phenoxypyridine were summarized, which may help to explore the lead compounds and discover novel pesticides with potential bioactivities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Studies of Chemical Pesticides)
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