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Nanomaterials
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Advanced Studies in Nano-BioAnalytical Physico-Chemistry
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Advanced Studies in Nano-BioAnalytical Physico-Chemistry

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (9 June 2022) | Viewed by 7985

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wilfrid Boireau

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
FEMTO-ST Institute, CNRS UMR-6174, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 15B av. des Montboucons, 25030 Besançon, France
Interests: nanobiosciences; bioanalytics; biomicrosystems; proteomic; sensors
Prof. Dr. Nadine Millot

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ICB, UMR 6163 Université de Bourgogne/CNRS, 9 Av. A. Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France
Interests: nanoparticles; nanohybrids; theranostic applications; nanovectors; nanosensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanoscience has seen major improvements in recent years, this special issue aims to highlight advanced studies in the field of nanobioanalytics in medicine and biotechnology. A key positioning is what occurs at the interface between engineered and biological systems. The bio-interface manage the interactions. Understanding the involved mechanisms is a way to enhance the selectivity and the sensitivity of analytical devices. This governed also, with the morphology, the composition and the structuration, the biofunctionality or the biodistribution of the nanomaterials immersed in biologic environments. Smart embedded approaches between the transducing elements and the bio-interface is required while keeping in mind that nanocharacterization of such systems is inseparable from their design and realization. Precise characterizations of the surface chemistry and bio-interface is also important to improve the biodistribution, in particular the control of the so-called protein corona. Thus all these parameters are crucial to improved medical diagnosis and theranostics.

This Special Issue aims to address new inputs in the field of biosensing, diagnosis but also theranostics by using engineered nanomaterials and bulk substrates in complex biological samples.

This Special Issue will include wide range research articles from highly sophisticated biosensors to analytical platforms for in vitro studies in complex biological media and/or engineered nanomaterials for in vivo investigations covering also biomonitoring and theranostics.


Dr. Wilfrid Boireau
Prof. Dr. Nadine Millot
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanosensors
  • biosensors
  • nanotechnology
  • engineered nanomaterials
  • biointerface
  • nanohybrids
  • theranostics
  • characterizations

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2934 KiB  
Article
Label-Free Morpho-Molecular Imaging for Studying the Differential Interaction of Black Phosphorus with Tumor Cells
by Valentina Mussi, Ines Fasolino, Debadrita Paria, Sara De Simone, Maria Caporali, Manuel Serrano-Ruiz, Luigi Ambrosio, Ishan Barman, Maria Grazia Raucci and Annalisa Convertino
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(12), 1994; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12121994 - 10 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2550
Abstract
Black phosphorus nanosheets (2D BP) are emerging as very promising, highly selective chemotherapeutic agents due to their fast degradation in the intracellular matrix of cancer cells. Here, optical diffraction tomography (ODT) and Raman spectroscopy were exploited as a powerful label-free approach to achieve [...] Read more.
Black phosphorus nanosheets (2D BP) are emerging as very promising, highly selective chemotherapeutic agents due to their fast degradation in the intracellular matrix of cancer cells. Here, optical diffraction tomography (ODT) and Raman spectroscopy were exploited as a powerful label-free approach to achieve integrated insights into the processes accompanying the administration of exfoliated 2D BP flakes in human prostatic adenocarcinoma and normal human prostate epithelial cells. Our ODT experiments provided unambiguous visualization of the 2D BP internalization in cancer cells and the morphological modifications of those cells in the apoptotic phase. The cellular internalization and damaging occurred, respectively, 18 h and 36–48 h after the 2D BP administration. Changes in the chemical properties of the internalized 2D BP flakes were monitored by Raman spectroscopy. Interestingly, a fast oxidation process of the 2D BP flakes was activated in the intracellular matrix of the cancer cells after 24 h of incubation. This was in sharp contrast to the low 2D BP uptake and minimal chemical changes observed in the normal cells. Along with the understanding of the 2D BP fate in the cancer cells, the proposed label-free morpho-molecular approach offers a powerful, rapid tool to study the pharmacokinetic properties of engineered nanomaterials in preclinical research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Nano-BioAnalytical Physico-Chemistry)
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16 pages, 4132 KiB  
Article
Novel Gold Nanoparticle-Based Quick Small-Exosome Isolation Technique from Serum Sample at a Low Centrifugal Force
by Krishna Thej Pammi Guru, Jamuna Surendran Sreeja, Dhrishya Dharmapal, Suparna Sengupta and Palash Kumar Basu
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(10), 1660; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12101660 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3225
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-secreted vesicles secreted by a majority of cells and, hence, populating most of the biological fluids, namely blood, tears, sweat, swab, urine, breast milk, etc. They vary vastly in size and density and are influenced by age, gender and diseases. The [...] Read more.
Exosomes are cell-secreted vesicles secreted by a majority of cells and, hence, populating most of the biological fluids, namely blood, tears, sweat, swab, urine, breast milk, etc. They vary vastly in size and density and are influenced by age, gender and diseases. The composition of exosomes includes lipids, DNA, proteins, and coding and noncoding RNA. There is a significant interest in selectively isolating small exosomes (≤50 nm) from human serum to investigate their role in different diseases and regeneration. However, current techniques for small exosome isolation/purification are time-consuming and highly instrument-dependent, with limited specificity and recovery. Thus, rapid and efficient methods to isolate them from bio fluids are strongly needed for both basic research and clinical applications. In the present work, we explored the application of a bench-top centrifuge for isolating mostly the small exosomes (≤50 nm). This can be achieved at low g-force by adding additional weight to the exosomes by conjugating them with citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (CGNP). CGNPs were functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to form PEGylated GNP (PGNP). EDC/SNHS chemistry is used to activate the –COOH group of the PEG to make it suitable for conjugation with antibodies corresponding to exosomal surface proteins. These antibody-conjugated PGNPs were incubated with the serum to form PGNP-exosome complexes which were separated directly by centrifugation at a low g-force of 7000× g. This makes this technique efficient compared to that of standard ultracentrifugation exosome isolation (which uses approximately 100,000× g). Using the technique, the exosome isolation from serum was achieved successfully in less than two hours. The purification of small exosomes, characterized by the presence of CD63, CD9 and CD81, and sized between 20 nm to 50 nm, was confirmed by western blot, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analyser (NTA). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Nano-BioAnalytical Physico-Chemistry)
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17 pages, 3660 KiB  
Article
About the Influence of PEG Spacers on the Cytotoxicity of Titanate Nanotubes-Docetaxel Nanohybrids against a Prostate Cancer Cell Line
by Alexis Loiseau, Julien Boudon, Céline Mirjolet, Véronique Morgand and Nadine Millot
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(10), 2733; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11102733 - 15 Oct 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2167
Abstract
The association between chemotherapeutic drugs and metal oxide nanoparticles has sparked a rapidly growing interest in cancer nanomedicine. The elaboration of new engineered docetaxel (DTX)-nanocarriers based on titanate nanotubes (TiONts) was reported. The idea was to maintain the drug inside cancer cells and [...] Read more.
The association between chemotherapeutic drugs and metal oxide nanoparticles has sparked a rapidly growing interest in cancer nanomedicine. The elaboration of new engineered docetaxel (DTX)-nanocarriers based on titanate nanotubes (TiONts) was reported. The idea was to maintain the drug inside cancer cells and avoid multidrug resistance mechanisms, which often limit drug efficacy by decreasing their intracellular concentrations in tumor cells. HS-PEGn-COOH (PEG: polyethylene glycol, n = 3000, 5000, 10,000) was conjugated, in an organic medium by covalent linkages, on TiONts surface. This study aimed to investigate the influence of different PEG derivatives chain lengths on the TiONts colloidal stability, on the PEGn density and conformation, as well as on the DTX biological activity in a prostate cancer model (human PC-3 prostate adenocarcinoma cells). In vitro tests highlighted significant cytotoxicities of the drug after loading DTX on PEGn-modified TiONts (TiONts-PEGn-DTX). Higher grafting densities for shorter PEGylated chains were most favorable on DTX cytotoxicity by promoting both colloidal stability in biological media and cells internalization. This promising strategy involves a better understanding of nanohybrid engineering, particularly on the PEGylated chain length influence, and can thus become a potent tool in nanomedicine to fight against cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Nano-BioAnalytical Physico-Chemistry)
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15 pages, 5885 KiB  
Article
Topology Challenge for the Assessment of Living Cell Deposits with Shear Bulk Acoustic Biosensor
by Aleksandr Oseev, Nikolay Mukhin, Céline Elie-Caille, Wilfrid Boireau, Ralf Lucklum, Thomas Lecompte, Fabien Remy-Martin, Jean-François Manceau, Franck Chollet and Thérèse Leblois
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(10), 2079; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10102079 - 21 Oct 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2501
Abstract
Shear bulk acoustic type of resonant biosensors, such as the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), give access to label-free in-liquid analysis of surface interactions. The general understanding of the sensing principles was inherited from past developments in biofilms measurements and applied to cells while [...] Read more.
Shear bulk acoustic type of resonant biosensors, such as the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), give access to label-free in-liquid analysis of surface interactions. The general understanding of the sensing principles was inherited from past developments in biofilms measurements and applied to cells while keeping the same basic assumptions. Thus, the biosensor readouts are still quite often described using ‘mass’ related terminology. This contribution aims to show that assessment of cell deposits with acoustic biosensors requires a deep understanding of the sensor transduction mechanism. More specifically, the cell deposits should be considered as a structured viscoelastic load and the sensor response depends on both material and topological parameters of the deposits. This shifts the paradigm of acoustic biosensor away from the classical mass loading perspective. As a proof of the concept, we recorded QCM frequency shifts caused by blood platelet deposits on a collagen surface under different rheological conditions and observed the final deposit shape with atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results vividly demonstrate that the frequency shift is highly impacted by the platelet topology on the bio-interface. We support our findings with numerical simulations of viscoelastic unstructured and structured loads in liquid. Both experimental and theoretical studies underline the complexity behind the frequency shift interpretation when acoustic biosensing is used with cell deposits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Nano-BioAnalytical Physico-Chemistry)
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