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Two-Dimensional MXenes: Preparation, Properties and Applications
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Two-Dimensional MXenes: Preparation, Properties and Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "2D and Carbon Nanomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2023) | Viewed by 5864

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Bingbing Fan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Interests: microwave asborbing materials; refractories
Dr. Biao Zhao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Interests: the application in microwave absorbing materials of magnetic materials; preparation and properties of two-dimensional nanomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The problem of electromagnetic pollution is becoming more and more serious with the rapid development of the information age. The development of advanced microwave absorbing materials can not only reduce electromagnetic pollution but also have important implications for military security. MXene, a shining star of two-dimensional (2D) materials, perfectly showcases layered structure, outstanding electrical conductivity, tunable active surface, and excellent mechanical strength, all of which make it extremely attractive in various applications, in particular for the ever growing market of microwave absorption (MA) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding technology. MXene has been studied for nearly ten years; the high-conductivity endows MXene-based MAMs strong dielectric loss and polarization loss. Similar to graphene, 2D MXene can be an ideal substrate material to couple with other loss materials for further improve the MA or EMI performance.

The present Special Issue of Nanomaterials is aimed at improving the MA or EMI performance of MXene and MXene-based MAMs, including pure MXene, MXene/dielectric materials, MXene/magnetic materials and MXene/multiple loss materials. In the present Special Issue, we have invited contributions from leading groups in the field with the aim of giving a balanced view of the current state-of-the-art in this discipline.

Dr. Bingbing Fan
Dr. Biao Zhao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • MXenes
  • 2D lamellar structure
  • microwave absorbing properties
  • electromagnetic interference shielding

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3327 KiB  
Article
Mechanochemical Pretreated Mn+1AXn (MAX) Phase to Synthesize 2D-Ti3C2Tx MXene Sheets for High-Performance Supercapacitors
by Inho Cho, Aravindha Raja Selvaraj, Jinsoo Bak, Heeje Kim and Kandasamy Prabakar
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(11), 1741; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13111741 - 26 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1888
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) MXenes sheet-like micro-structures have attracted attention as an effective electrochemical energy storage material due to their efficient electrolyte/cation interfacial charge transports inside the 2D sheets which results in ultrahigh rate capability and high volumetric capacitance. In this article, Ti3C [...] Read more.
Two-dimensional (2D) MXenes sheet-like micro-structures have attracted attention as an effective electrochemical energy storage material due to their efficient electrolyte/cation interfacial charge transports inside the 2D sheets which results in ultrahigh rate capability and high volumetric capacitance. In this article, Ti3C2Tx MXene is prepared by a combination of ball milling and chemical etching from Ti3AlC2 powder. The effects of ball milling and etching duration on the physiochemical properties are also explored, as well as the electrochemical performance of as-prepared Ti3C2 MXene. The electrochemical performances of 6 h mechanochemically treated and 12 h chemically etched MXene (BM-12H) exhibit an electric double layer capacitance behavior with an enhanced specific capacitance of 146.3 F g−1 compared to 24 and 48 h treated samples. Moreover, 5000-cycle stability tested sample’s (BM-12H) charge/discharge show increased specific capacitance due to the termination of the -OH group, intercalation of K+ ion and transformation to TiO2/Ti3C2 hybrid structure in a 3 M KOH electrolyte. Interestingly, a symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) device fabricated in a 1 M LiPF6 electrolyte in order to extend the voltage window up to 3 V shows a pseudocapacitance behavior due to Li on interaction/de-intercalation. In addition, the SSC shows an excellent energy and power density of 138.33 W h kg−1 and 1500 W kg−1, respectively. The ball milling pre-treated MXene exhibited an excellent performance and stability due to the increased interlayer distance between the MXene sheets and intercalation and deintercalation of Li+ ions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Two-Dimensional MXenes: Preparation, Properties and Applications)
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10 pages, 3020 KiB  
Article
N-Doped Honeycomb-like Ag@N-Ti3C2Tx Foam for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
by Xiaohan Wang, Fan Zhang, Feiyue Hu, Yaya Li, Yongqiang Chen, Hailong Wang, Zhiyu Min and Rui Zhang
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(17), 2967; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172967 - 27 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1409
Abstract
To solve the pollution problem of electromagnetic waves, new electromagnetic shielding materials should meet the requirements of being lightweight with high electrical conductivity. In this work, the combination of silver (Ag) nanoparticles and nitrogen doping (N-doping) was expected to tune the electromagnetic and [...] Read more.
To solve the pollution problem of electromagnetic waves, new electromagnetic shielding materials should meet the requirements of being lightweight with high electrical conductivity. In this work, the combination of silver (Ag) nanoparticles and nitrogen doping (N-doping) was expected to tune the electromagnetic and physical properties of Ti3C2Tx MXene, and the Ag@N-Ti3C2Tx composites were fabricated through the hydrothermal reactions. The nitrogen doped (N-doped) Ag@Ti3C2Tx composites showed a hollow structure with a pore size of 5 μm. The influence of N-doped degrees on the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance was investigated over 8–18 GHz. Therefore, the controlled N-doping composites exhibited reflection-based EMI shielding performance due to the electrical conductivity and the special three-dimensional (3D) honeycomb-like structure. The achieved average EMI shielding values were 52.38 dB at the X-band and 72.72 dB at the Ku-band. Overall, the Ag@N-Ti3C2Tx foam, due to its special 3D honeycomb-like structure, not only meets the characteristics of light weight, but also exhibits ultra-high-efficiency EMI shielding performance, revealing great prospects in the application of electromagnetic wave shielding field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Two-Dimensional MXenes: Preparation, Properties and Applications)
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Review

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85 pages, 23535 KiB  
Review
Application of Titanium Carbide MXenes in Chemiresistive Gas Sensors
by Elizaveta P. Simonenko, Nikolay P. Simonenko, Artem S. Mokrushin, Tatiana L. Simonenko, Philipp Yu. Gorobtsov, Ilya A. Nagornov, Ghenadii Korotcenkov, Victor V. Sysoev and Nikolay T. Kuznetsov
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(5), 850; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13050850 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2831
Abstract
The titanium carbide MXenes currently attract an extreme amount of interest from the material science community due to their promising functional properties arising from the two-dimensionality of these layered structures. In particular, the interaction between MXene and gaseous molecules, even at the physisorption [...] Read more.
The titanium carbide MXenes currently attract an extreme amount of interest from the material science community due to their promising functional properties arising from the two-dimensionality of these layered structures. In particular, the interaction between MXene and gaseous molecules, even at the physisorption level, yields a substantial shift in electrical parameters, which makes it possible to design gas sensors working at RT as a prerequisite to low-powered detection units. Herein, we consider to review such sensors, primarily based on Ti3C2Tx and Ti2CTx crystals as the most studied ones to date, delivering a chemiresistive type of signal. We analyze the ways reported in the literature to modify these 2D nanomaterials for (i) detecting various analyte gases, (ii) improving stability and sensitivity, (iii) reducing response/recovery times, and (iv) advancing a sensitivity to atmospheric humidity. The most powerful approach based on designing hetero-layers of MXenes with other crystals is discussed with regard to employing semiconductor metal oxides and chalcogenides, noble metal nanoparticles, carbon materials (graphene and nanotubes), and polymeric components. The current concepts on the detection mechanisms of MXenes and their hetero-composites are considered, and the background reasons for improving gas-sensing functionality in the hetero-composite when compared with pristine MXenes are classified. We formulate state-of-the-art advances and challenges in the field while proposing some possible solutions, in particular via employing a multisensor array paradigm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Two-Dimensional MXenes: Preparation, Properties and Applications)
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42 pages, 5604 KiB  
Review
Towards Greener and More Sustainable Synthesis of MXenes: A Review
by Tahta Amrillah, Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah, Angga Hermawan, Fitri Nur Indah Sari and Vani Novita Alviani
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(23), 4280; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12234280 - 1 Dec 2022
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4741
Abstract
The unique properties of MXenes have been deemed to be of significant interest in various emerging applications. However, MXenes provide a major drawback involving environmentally harmful and toxic substances for its general fabrication in large-scale production and employing a high-temperature solid-state reaction followed [...] Read more.
The unique properties of MXenes have been deemed to be of significant interest in various emerging applications. However, MXenes provide a major drawback involving environmentally harmful and toxic substances for its general fabrication in large-scale production and employing a high-temperature solid-state reaction followed by selective etching. Meanwhile, how MXenes are synthesized is essential in directing their end uses. Therefore, making strategic approaches to synthesize greener, safer, more sustainable, and more environmentally friendly MXenes is imperative to commercialize at a competitive price. With increasing reports of green synthesis that promote advanced technologies and non-toxic agents, it is critical to compile, summarize, and synthesize the latest development of the green-related technology of MXenes. We review the recent progress of greener, safer, and more sustainable MXene synthesis with a focus on the fundamental synthetic process, the mechanism, and the general advantages, and the emphasis on the MXene properties inherited from such green synthesis techniques. The emerging use of the so-called green MXenes in energy conversion and storage, environmental remediation, and biomedical applications is presented. Finally, the remaining challenges and prospects of greener MXene synthesis are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Two-Dimensional MXenes: Preparation, Properties and Applications)
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