Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Bioassay Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanoelectronics, Nanosensors and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 6882

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
Interests: semiconductor nanomaterials; semiconductor low-dimensional structures; photo-electronic materials and devices

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanomaterials have the characteristics of a large specific surface area and good biocompatibility for biomolecules. Nanomaterial-based biosensors are an instrument that is sensitive to biological substances and converts their concentration into electrical signals for detection, having broad applications in many fields, such as environmental protection and medical diagnosis. During the past few years, there has been an increasing amount of research on the use of nanomaterials in diverse areas of biomedical research, including biological sensing, labeling, medical imaging, and therapy. The introduction of nanotechnology into medical diagnosis has led to a significant enhancement in the detection performance of biosensors and development of new biosensors. For instance, biomolecules are associated with field effect transistors (FET) to detect bacteria and viruses with extremely high sensitivity. Each nanomaterial has its own peculiarities, such as bioavailability, more or less important grafting capacity, etc. It is, therefore, essential to work on new types or the improvement of existing ones.

We invite you to submit a manuscript in the form of a review, full paper, or communication, with potential topics including (but not limited to):

  1. Nanomaterial synthesis and functionalization for biomedical applications;
  2. Innovative nanomaterials and nanocomposites for biomedical applications;
  3. Innovative synthesis of nanomaterials for biomedical applications;
  4. Biosensor fabrication and characterization;
  5. Nanobioprobe for biomedical uses;
  6. Thin film transistors (TFTs) and field effect transistors (FET) for biosensing;
  7. Biochips for biomedical testing;
  8. Biosafety of nanomaterials used for clinical therapy;
  9. Other studies of nanomaterials for biosensor and bioassay applications.

Prof. Dr. Ning Dai
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biosensor
  • bioassay
  • nanomaterials for biomedical applications
  • biomolecules
  • biocompatibility
  • biomodification
  • nanobioprobe

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3644 KiB  
Article
An Endoscope-like SERS Probe Based on the Focusing Effect of Silica Nanospheres for Tyrosine and Urea Detection in Sweat
by Rongyuan Cai, Lijun Yin, Qian Huang, Ruiyun You, Shangyuan Feng and Yudong Lu
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(3), 421; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12030421 - 27 Jan 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2896
Abstract
In this work, we developed a new type of SERS probe, which was composed of glass-SiO2-Au@MBN@Ag nanoparticles (NPs) three-dimensional Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate. When the laser passed through the quartz glass sheet, on the one hand, the SiO2 NPs [...] Read more.
In this work, we developed a new type of SERS probe, which was composed of glass-SiO2-Au@MBN@Ag nanoparticles (NPs) three-dimensional Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate. When the laser passed through the quartz glass sheet, on the one hand, the SiO2 NPs supporting the Au@MBN@Ag NPs increase the roughness of the substrate surface, resulting in a large number of hot spots among nanoparticles. On the other hand, based on the focusing effect of silicon dioxide nanospheres, the laser can better focus on the surface of nanoparticles in the inverted SERS probe, thus showing better SERS enhancement. Furthermore, the Au@MBN@Ag NPs core-shell structure was used with 4-mercaptobenzoonitrile (MBN) as an internal standard molecule, and the quantitative determination of tyrosine and urea was realized by internal standard correction method. The standard working curves of the two had good linear correlation with R2 above 0.9555. The detection limits of tyrosine and urea were in the range of 2.85 × 10−10 M~7.54 × 10−6 M, which confirms that this design can be used for quantitative and specific detection of biological molecules, demonstrating great practical significance for the research of diseases such as skin lesions and endocrine disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Bioassay Applications)
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16 pages, 16933 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Four Coloured Nanoparticle Labels in Lateral Flow Immunoassay
by Shyatesa C. Razo, Anastasiya I. Elovenkova, Irina V. Safenkova, Natalia V. Drenova, Yuri A. Varitsev, Anatoly V. Zherdev and Boris B. Dzantiev
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(12), 3277; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11123277 - 2 Dec 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3088
Abstract
The detection limit of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is largely determined by the properties of the label used. We compared four nanoparticle labels differing in their chemical composition and colour: (1) gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), red; (2) Au-core/Pt-shell nanoparticles (Au@Pt NPs), black; (3) [...] Read more.
The detection limit of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is largely determined by the properties of the label used. We compared four nanoparticle labels differing in their chemical composition and colour: (1) gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), red; (2) Au-core/Pt-shell nanoparticles (Au@Pt NPs), black; (3) latex nanoparticles (LPs), green; and (4) magnetic nanoparticles (MPs), brown. The comparison was carried out using one target analyte—Erwinia amylovora, the causal bacterial agent of fire blight. All nanoparticles were conjugated with antibodies through methods that provide maximum functional coverage like physical adsorption (Au NPs, Au@Pt NPs) and covalent bonding (LPs, MPs). All conjugates demonstrated the same ability to bind with E. amylovora through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay where optical properties of the nanoparticles do not determine the registered signal. However, half-maximal binding was achieved at different numbers of nanoparticles because they differ in size. All conjugates based on four nanoparticle labels were used for lateral flow assays. As a result, Au@Pt NPs provided the minimal detection limit that corresponded to 103 CFU/mL. Au NPs and LPs detected 104 CFU/mL, and MPs detected 105 CFU/mL. The results highlight that simply choosing a coloured label can significantly affect the detection limit of LFIA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Bioassay Applications)
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Review

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24 pages, 6098 KiB  
Review
Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Psychoactive Drugs
by Ramin Boroujerdi and Richard Paul
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(13), 2250; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12132250 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4329
Abstract
Sensors developed from nanomaterials are increasingly used in a variety of fields, from simple wearable or medical sensors to be used at home to monitor health, to more complicated sensors being used by border customs or aviation industries. In recent times, nanoparticle-based sensors [...] Read more.
Sensors developed from nanomaterials are increasingly used in a variety of fields, from simple wearable or medical sensors to be used at home to monitor health, to more complicated sensors being used by border customs or aviation industries. In recent times, nanoparticle-based sensors have begun to revolutionize drug-detection techniques, mainly due to their affordability, ease of use and portability, compared to conventional chromatography techniques. Thin graphene layers provide a significantly high surface to weight ratio compared to other nanomaterials, a characteristic that has led to the design of more sensitive and reliable sensors. The exceptional properties of graphene coupled with its potential to be tuned to target specific molecules have made graphene-based sensors one of the most popular and well-researched sensing materials of the past two decades with applications in environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and industries. Here, we present a review of developments in the applications of graphene-based sensors in sensing drugs such as cocaine, morphine, methamphetamine, ketamine, tramadol and so forth in the past decade. We compare graphene sensors with other sensors developed from ultrathin two-dimensional materials, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitrate, and MXenes, to measure drugs directly and indirectly, in various samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Biosensor and Bioassay Applications)
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