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Nanomaterials
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Nanomaterials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
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Nanomaterials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy and Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2023) | Viewed by 16949

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Hyun-Suk Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
Interests: lithium thin-film battery; material design/modeling; thin film processing and characterization; surface and interface analysis; synthesis & characterization of nanostructures and nanomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The exponential growth of flexible, foldable, and portable electronics in recent years has increased the demand for small rechargeable lithium-ion batteries that offer high energy density. Future challenges, such as the decarbonization of the CO2 intensive transport sector, will entail the need for high energy and high power density batteries, which will continue to grow. Moreover, lithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly important in other applications. The cost of lithium-ion batteries has halved in the past few years, and lithium-ion batteries are expected to dominate the battery market in the next few years. However, despite these advances, there is still a need to improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries. Further improvements are needed not only in the field of electrochemistry, but also in developing better manufacturing methods, long-term lifespan, battery management systems, and addressing safety concerns.

This Special Issue of Nanomaterials aims to cover the most recent advances in lithium-ion batteries, concerning their design, manufacturing, characterization, and computational modeling, as well as exploitation in devices.

Prof. Dr. Hyun-Suk Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Lithium‐ion batteries
  • Nanostructures and nanomaterials
  • High energy density and power density
  • Long-term lifespan
  • High ionic conductivity solid electrolyte
  • Interfacial design
  • Cell configuration

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 5072 KiB  
Article
Solvent-Free Processed Cathode Slurry with Carbon Nanotube Conductors for Li-Ion Batteries
by Gyori Park, Hyun-Suk Kim and Kyung Jin Lee
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(2), 324; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13020324 - 12 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5128
Abstract
The increase in demand for energy storage devices, including portable electronic devices, electronic mobile devices, and energy storage systems, has led to substantial growth in the market for Li-ion batteries (LiB). However, the resulting environmental concerns from the waste of LiB and pollutants [...] Read more.
The increase in demand for energy storage devices, including portable electronic devices, electronic mobile devices, and energy storage systems, has led to substantial growth in the market for Li-ion batteries (LiB). However, the resulting environmental concerns from the waste of LiB and pollutants from the manufacturing process have attracted considerable attention. In particular, N-methylpyrrolidone, which is utilized during the manufacturing process for preparing cathode or anode slurries, is a toxic organic pollutant. Therefore, the dry-based process for electrodes is of special interest nowadays. Herein, we report the fabrication of a cathode by a mortar-based dry process using NCM811, a carbon conductor, and poly(tetrafluoroethylene)binder. The electrochemical performance of the cathode was compared in terms of the types of conductors: carbon nanotubes and carbon black. The electrodes with carbon nanotubes showed an ameliorated performance in terms of cycle testing, capacity retention, and mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries)
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12 pages, 4810 KiB  
Article
Radical-Scavenging Activatable and Robust Polymeric Binder Based on Poly(acrylic acid) Cross-Linked with Tannic Acid for Silicon Anode of Lithium Storage System
by Hui Gyeong Park, Mincheol Jung, Shinyoung Lee, Woo-Jin Song and Jung-Soo Lee
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(19), 3437; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12193437 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3183
Abstract
The design of a novel binder is required for high-capacity silicon anodes, which typically undergo significant changes during charge/discharge cycling. Hence, in this study, a stable network structure was formed by combining tannic acid (TAc), which can be cross-linked, and poly(acrylic acid)(PAA) as [...] Read more.
The design of a novel binder is required for high-capacity silicon anodes, which typically undergo significant changes during charge/discharge cycling. Hence, in this study, a stable network structure was formed by combining tannic acid (TAc), which can be cross-linked, and poly(acrylic acid)(PAA) as an effective binder for a silicon (Si) anode. TAc is a phenolic compound and representative substance with antioxidant properties. Owing to the antioxidant ability of the C-PAA/TAc binder, side reactions during the cycling were suppressed during the formation of an appropriate solid–electrolyte interface layer. The results showed that the expansion of a silicon anode was suppressed compared with that of a conventional PAA binder. This study demonstrates that cross-linking and antioxidant capability facilitate binding and provides insights into the behavior of binders for silicon anodes. The Si anode with the C-PAA/TAc binder exhibited significantly improved cycle stability and higher Coulombic efficiency in comparison to the Si anode with well-established PAA binders. The C-PAA/TAc binder demonstrated a capacity of 1833 mA h g−1Si for 100 cycles, which is higher than that of electrodes fabricated using the conventional PAA binder. Therefore, the C-PAA/TAc binder offers better electrochemical performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries)
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9 pages, 935 KiB  
Article
Tackling Structural Complexity in Li2S-P2S5 Solid-State Electrolytes Using Machine Learning Potentials
by Carsten G. Staacke, Tabea Huss, Johannes T. Margraf, Karsten Reuter and Christoph Scheurer
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(17), 2950; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172950 - 26 Aug 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3102
Abstract
The lithium thiophosphate (LPS) material class provides promising candidates for solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) in lithium ion batteries due to high lithium ion conductivities, non-critical elements, and low material cost. LPS materials are characterized by complex thiophosphate microchemistry and structural disorder influencing the material [...] Read more.
The lithium thiophosphate (LPS) material class provides promising candidates for solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) in lithium ion batteries due to high lithium ion conductivities, non-critical elements, and low material cost. LPS materials are characterized by complex thiophosphate microchemistry and structural disorder influencing the material performance. To overcome the length and time scale restrictions of ab initio calculations to industrially applicable LPS materials, we develop a near-universal machine-learning interatomic potential for the LPS material class. The trained Gaussian Approximation Potential (GAP) can likewise describe crystal and glassy materials and different P-S connectivities PmSn. We apply the GAP surrogate model to probe lithium ion conductivity and the influence of thiophosphate subunits on the latter. The materials studied are crystals (modifications of Li3PS4 and Li7P3S11), and glasses of the xLi2S–(100 – x)P2S5 type (x = 67, 70 and 75). The obtained material properties are well aligned with experimental findings and we underscore the role of anion dynamics on lithium ion conductivity in glassy LPS. The GAP surrogate approach allows for a variety of extensions and transferability to other SSEs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries)
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14 pages, 3556 KiB  
Article
Synergetic Effect of Li-Ion Concentration and Triple Doping on Ionic Conductivity of Li7La3Zr2O12 Solid Electrolyte
by Minh Hai Nguyen and Sangbaek Park
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(17), 2946; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172946 - 26 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2811
Abstract
Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is a promising and safe solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries. To achieve high ionic conductivity of LLZO, stabilizing the cubic phase and reducing Li loss during the sintering process is essential. Therefore, reducing the [...] Read more.
Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is a promising and safe solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries. To achieve high ionic conductivity of LLZO, stabilizing the cubic phase and reducing Li loss during the sintering process is essential. Therefore, reducing the sintering temperature, which increases the sintering time for high-density pellets, is necessary. Herein, we investigate the change in the crystal structure, morphology, and Li ionic conductivity of LLZO pellets by triple doping with Al, Ga, and Ta and modulating the variation in initial Li concentrations. Interestingly, the proportion of the conductive cubic phase increased with increasing Li stoichiometry by 1.1 times, and this tendency was further accelerated by triple doping. The synergetic effects of triple doping and Li concentration also minimized Li loss during sintering. Accordingly, it provided a high-quality LLZO pellet with good ionic conductivity (3.6 × 10−4 S cm−1) and high relative density (97.8%). Notably, the LLZO pellet was obtained using a very short sintering process (40 min). Considering that the most time-consuming step is the sintering process for LLZO, this study can provide guidelines for the fast production and commercialization of LLZO electrolytes with high ionic conductivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries)
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10 pages, 3112 KiB  
Article
3D Flower-like Tin Monosulfide/Carbon Nanocomposite Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries
by Changju Chae and Sunho Jeong
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(8), 1351; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081351 - 14 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2095
Abstract
The nanostructured tin monosulfide/carbon composites were synthesized by a simple wet chemical synthesis approach. It was revealed that the 3D flower-like tin monosulfide nanoparticles are usable as an active anode material for sodium-ion batteries, exhibiting a specific capacity of 480.4 mAh/g. The 3D [...] Read more.
The nanostructured tin monosulfide/carbon composites were synthesized by a simple wet chemical synthesis approach. It was revealed that the 3D flower-like tin monosulfide nanoparticles are usable as an active anode material for sodium-ion batteries, exhibiting a specific capacity of 480.4 mAh/g. The 3D flower-like tin monosulfide nanoparticles were wrapped with reduced graphene oxide sheets by a solvothermal heterogeneous synthetic method. By incorporating the reduced graphene oxide sheets as a mechanically flexible and electrically conductive additive, a specific capacity of 633.2 mAh/g was obtained from tin monosulfide/carbon nanocomposite anodes, providing an excellent rate capability even at a high current density condition of 5000 mA/g. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries)
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