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Nutrients
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Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition
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Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2024) | Viewed by 2462

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Rebecca V. Vince

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7 RX, UK
Interests: oxidative stress; stress response; reactive oxygen species; flow cytometry; exercise; nutrition; obesity; cancer; biomarkers; athletic performance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-communicable conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, cancers, and respiratory diseases, contribute significantly to total reported deaths and the burden of disease, exerting a large impact on quality of life. Physical inactivity and unhealthy eating can contribute to these conditions, whereas good nutrition and physical activity can be used in the prevention and treatment of disease and the modification of risk factors. Furthermore, a large portion of adults with chronic disease are likely to be employed, and thus chronic disease risk factors and conditions are becoming more prevalent within the workforce.

Considering the success of the previous Special Issue, entitled "Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease", we are pleased to announce that we are launching a second Special Issue on this topic. The objective of this Special Issue, entitled “Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition”, welcomes research that investigates nutrition and physical activity in relation to the prevention and treatment of chronic disease. We would also particularly welcome research on the impact of working with chronic disease and any interventions therein. We welcome original research and literature reviews concerning this important topic.

Dr. Rebecca V. Vince
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • physical activity
  • chronic disease
  • exercise
  • prevention
  • treatment
  • workplace health

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 455 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Malnutrition on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Outcomes: The Predictive Value of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) Versus Acute Exacerbations in Patients with Highly Complex COPD and Its Clinical and Prognostic Implications
by Domenico Di Raimondo, Edoardo Pirera, Chiara Pintus, Riccardo De Rosa, Martina Profita, Gaia Musiari, Gherardo Siscaro and Antonino Tuttolomondo
Nutrients 2024, 16(14), 2303; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142303 (registering DOI) - 17 Jul 2024
Abstract
Background: Current management of COPD is predominantly focused on respiratory aspects. A multidimensional assessment including nutritional assessment, quality of life and disability provides a more reliable perspective of the true complexity of COPD patients. Methods: This was a prospective observational study of 120 [...] Read more.
Background: Current management of COPD is predominantly focused on respiratory aspects. A multidimensional assessment including nutritional assessment, quality of life and disability provides a more reliable perspective of the true complexity of COPD patients. Methods: This was a prospective observational study of 120 elderly COPD patients at high risk of acute exacerbations. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was administered in addition to the usual respiratory assessment. The primary outcome was a composite of moderate or severe acute exacerbations during 52 weeks of follow-up. Results: The median MNA Short Form (SF) score was 11 (8–12), 39 participants (32.50%) had a normal nutritional status, 57 (47.5%) were at risk of malnutrition and 24 (20%) were malnourished. Our multivariate linear regression models showed that the MNA score was associated with dyspnea and respiratory symptom severity, assessed by the Modified British Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale and the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score, with spirometric variables, in particular with the severity of airflow limitation based on the value of FEV1, and with poorer QoL, as assessed by the EQ-5D-3 questionnaire. Competing risk analysis according to nutritional status based on the MNA Total Score showed that COPD participants “at risk of malnutrition” and “malnourished” had a higher risk of moderate to severe acute exacerbations with sub-hazard ratios of 3.08 (1.40–6.80), p = 0.015, and 4.64 (1.71–12.55), p = 0.0002, respectively. Conclusion: Our study confirms the importance of assessing nutritional status in elderly COPD patients and its prognostic value. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition)
23 pages, 529 KiB  
Article
Characterizing Factors Associated with Excess Body Weight: A Descriptive Study Using Principal Component Analysis in a Population with Overweight and Obesity
by Álvaro Fernández-Cardero, José Luis Sierra-Cinos, Adrián López-Jiménez, Beatriz Beltrán, Carmen Cuadrado, María Teresa García-Conesa, Laura Bravo and Beatriz Sarriá
Nutrients 2024, 16(8), 1143; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081143 - 12 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, making it crucial to understand how it can be effectively prevented/treated. Considering that obesity is a multifactorial condition, this article carried out a baseline cross-sectional study of the variables involved in the disorder. Eighty-four subjects with overweight/obesity were [...] Read more.
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, making it crucial to understand how it can be effectively prevented/treated. Considering that obesity is a multifactorial condition, this article carried out a baseline cross-sectional study of the variables involved in the disorder. Eighty-four subjects with overweight/obesity were recruited. Dietary baseline information was obtained by analysing three 24 h recalls. Resting metabolic rate was measured using indirect calorimetry, physical activity was measured through accelerometry, cardiometabolic parameters were determined in blood samples and body composition via anthropometry and bioimpedance. A univariant and multivariate exploratory approach was carried out using principal component analysis (PCA). Large inter-individual variability was observed in dietetic, biochemical, and physical activity measurements (coefficient of variation ≥ 30%), but body composition was more uniform. Volunteers had an unbalanced diet and low levels of physical activity. PCA reduced the 26 analysed variables to 4 factors, accounting for 65.4% of the total data variance. The main factor was the “dietetic factor”, responsible for 24.0% of the total variance and mainly related to energy intake, lipids, and saturated fatty acids. The second was the “cardiometabolic factor” (explaining 16.8% of the variability), the third was the “adiposity factor” (15.2%), and the last was the “serum cholesterol factor” (9.4%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 679 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Education Level on Weight Loss in a Primary Care-Anchored eHealth Lifestyle Coaching Program in Denmark: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Luma Shahin, Thomas Bastholm Olesen, Michael Hecht Olsen, Ditte Hjorth Laursen, Jeanette Reffstrup Christensen and Carl J. Brandt
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 795; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060795 - 11 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1089
Abstract
In a randomized controlled trial including 340 people living with obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes, digital coaching has induced significant long-term weight loss compared to the usual methods of care. We investigated whether education level influenced this weight loss and which [...] Read more.
In a randomized controlled trial including 340 people living with obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes, digital coaching has induced significant long-term weight loss compared to the usual methods of care. We investigated whether education level influenced this weight loss and which lifestyle changes supported the digital lifestyle coaching program. The intervention consisted of a 1 h face-to-face motivational interview followed by digital coaching using behavioral change techniques. At 6 months, the weight loss in the intervention group was significantly larger in participants with short education (6.0 vs. 2.2 kg, p < 0.01) (p = 0.006). Participants with long education experienced initially a modest weight loss, but the effect was maintained, leading to the largest weight loss at 24 months (5.06 [−11.98–1.86] kg), even though there were fewer coaching sessions in the maintenance period. In multiple regression analyses, the greater weight loss in the intervention group was associated with short education (β = 1.81, p = 0.02), improvements in everyday physical activity (β = 2.60, p = 0.014) and improvements in dietary habits (β = 3.84, p = 0.013). In conclusion, at 6 months, the effect of the intervention was more pronounced in people with short education through improvements in everyday physical activity and dietary habits. However, participants with long education sustained their weight loss at 24 months. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition)
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