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Pathogens
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Advances in the Immunobiology of Parasitic Diseases Volume II
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Advances in the Immunobiology of Parasitic Diseases Volume II

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunological Responses and Immune Defense Mechanisms".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 6579

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Luis I. Terrazas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
Interests: immunoregulation in parasitic diseases, mainly how helminths and the molecules they release may affect dendritic cell maturation as well as macrophage’s response to inflammatory stimulus; how these interactions between helminths and their molecules with the host may modify the immune response to other pathogens or inflammatory-mediated diseases (co-infections and co-morbidities)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
Interests: innate immune response of parasitic diseases
Prof. Dr. Abhay Satoskar

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Interests: parasitic diseases; leishmaniasis; immunology; vaccines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Notwithstanding the fact that most current biomedical research is focused on the pandemic caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, we still have in the world many unresolved diseases that are now almost forgotten. Thus, when this virus is finally under control, other diseases caused by different pathogens will remain, causing the same health problems and even worse, due to inattention in the last two years or maybe more.

Parasitic diseases have been deeply rooted in human evolution, and will prevail for many years to come. Thus, it is critical that we do not forget about the damage they cause to the people who are suffering from these infections. The only way to eradicate or control these parasitic diseases is to increase our knowledge of them.

Therefore, the goal of this Special Issue is to put together the recent findings achieved, despite the pandemic, by researchers interested in parasitic diseases.

This Special Issue invites either original research or review articles focused on, but not limited to, the following “hot topics” in parasitic research:

  • Immunomodulation in parasitic diseases, including protozoa and helminths.
  • Innate immunity to protozoa and helminths.
  • Cytokines/chemokines and susceptibility or resistance to parasitic diseases.
  • Co-infections.
  • Co-morbidities during parasitic infections, for good or bad?
  • Signaling pathways and susceptibility to parasites.
  • Vaccine development against parasites.

Dr. Luis I. Terrazas
Dr. Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa
Prof. Dr. Abhay Satoskar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • protozoa
  • helminths
  • cytokines
  • signaling pathways
  • co-infections
  • infections and co-morbidities
  • innate immunity
  • immunomodulation
  • immune checkpoints
  • vaccines

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1330 KiB  
Article
Differential Protein Expression of Taenia crassiceps ORF Strain in the Murine Cysticercosis Model Using Resistant (C57BL/6) Mice
by Lucía Jiménez, Mariana Díaz-Zaragoza, Magdalena Hernández, Luz Navarro, Ricardo Hernández-Ávila, Sergio Encarnación-Guevara, Pedro Ostoa-Saloma and Abraham Landa
Pathogens 2023, 12(5), 678; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12050678 - 4 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1222
Abstract
A cysticercosis model of Taenia crassiceps ORF strain in susceptible BALB/c mice revealed a Th2 response after 4 weeks, allowing for the growth of the parasite, whereas resistant C57BL/6 mice developed a sustained Th1 response, limiting parasitic growth. However, little is known about [...] Read more.
A cysticercosis model of Taenia crassiceps ORF strain in susceptible BALB/c mice revealed a Th2 response after 4 weeks, allowing for the growth of the parasite, whereas resistant C57BL/6 mice developed a sustained Th1 response, limiting parasitic growth. However, little is known about how cysticerci respond to an immunological environment in resistant mice. Here, we show that the Th1 response, during infection in resistant C57BL/6 mice, lasted up to 8 weeks and kept parasitemia low. Proteomics analysis of parasites during this Th1 environment showed an average of 128 expressed proteins; we chose 15 proteins whose differential expression varied between 70 and 100%. A total of 11 proteins were identified that formed a group whose expression increased at 4 weeks and decreased at 8 weeks, and another group with proteins whose expression was high at 2 weeks and decreased at 8 weeks. These identified proteins participate in tissue repair, immunoregulation and parasite establishment. This suggests that T. crassiceps cysticerci in mice resistant under the Th1 environment express proteins that control damage and help to establish a parasite in the host. These proteins could be targets for drugs or vaccine development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Immunobiology of Parasitic Diseases Volume II)
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13 pages, 3250 KiB  
Article
Phenotypical Differences between Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis PH8 and LV79 Strains May Impact Survival in Mammal Host and in Phlebotomine Sand Flies
by Fabia Tomie Tano, Erich Loza Telleria, Felipe Dutra Rêgo, Felipe Soares Coelho, Eloiza de Rezende, Rodrigo Pedro Soares, Yara Maria Traub-Cseko and Beatriz Simonsen Stolf
Pathogens 2023, 12(2), 173; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020173 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1457
Abstract
We previously showed that L. (Leishmania) amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes of the PH8 strain generated larger lesions in mice than LV79, and that lesion-derived amastigotes from the two strains differ in their proteomes. We recently reported that PH8 promastigotes are more [...] Read more.
We previously showed that L. (Leishmania) amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes of the PH8 strain generated larger lesions in mice than LV79, and that lesion-derived amastigotes from the two strains differ in their proteomes. We recently reported that PH8 promastigotes are more phagocytized by macrophages. Promastigotes’ membrane-enriched proteomes showed several differences, and samples of each strain clustered based on proteomes. In this paper, we show phenotypic differences between PH8 and LV79 promastigotes that may explain the higher virulence of PH8. We compared in vitro macrophage infections by day 4 (early) and day 6 (late stationary phase) cultures, resistance to complement, and LPG characteristics. PH8 promastigotes showed a higher infectivity and were more resistant to murine complement. LPG was different between the strains, which may influence the interaction with macrophages and survival to complement. We compared the infection of the permissive vector Lutzomyia longipalpis. PH8 was more abundant in the vector’s gut 72 h after feeding, which is a moment where blood digestion is finished and the parasites are exposed to the gut environment. Our results indicate that PH8 promastigotes are more infective, more resistant to complement, and infect the permissive vector more efficiently. These data suggest that PH8 is probably better adapted to the sand fly and more prone to survive in the vertebrate host. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Immunobiology of Parasitic Diseases Volume II)
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16 pages, 2191 KiB  
Article
Role of a 49 kDa Trypanosoma cruzi Mucin-Associated Surface Protein (MASP49) during the Infection Process and Identification of a Mammalian Cell Surface Receptor
by Bertha Espinoza, Ignacio Martínez, María Luisa Martínez-Velasco, Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa, Augusto González-Canto, Alicia Vázquez-Mendoza and Luis I. Terrazas
Pathogens 2023, 12(1), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010105 - 7 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1545
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, a parasitic disease of great medical importance on the American continent. Trypomastigote infection’s initial step in a mammalian host is vital for the parasite’s life cycle. A trypomastigote’s surface presents many molecules, some of [...] Read more.
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, a parasitic disease of great medical importance on the American continent. Trypomastigote infection’s initial step in a mammalian host is vital for the parasite’s life cycle. A trypomastigote’s surface presents many molecules, some of which have been proposed to be involved in the infection process, including a glycoprotein family called mucin-associated surface proteins (MASPs). This work describes a 49-kDa molecule (MASP49) that belongs to this family and is expressed mainly on the surfaces of amastigotes and trypomastigotes but can be found in extracts and the membrane-enriched fractions of epimastigotes. This protein is partially GPI-anchored to the surface and has a role during the internalization process, since its blockade with specific antibodies decreases parasite entry into Vero cells by 62%. This work shows that MASP49 binds to peritoneal macrophages and rat cardiomyocytes, undergoes glycosylation via galactose N-acetylgalactosamine, and can attach to the macrophage murine C-type lectin receptor (mMGL). These results suggest that MASP49 can be considered a virulence factor in T. cruzi, and a better understanding of its role in the infection process is necessary. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Immunobiology of Parasitic Diseases Volume II)
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Review

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19 pages, 1627 KiB  
Review
What about the Cytoskeletal and Related Proteins of Tapeworms in the Host’s Immune Response? An Integrative Overview
by Diana G. Ríos-Valencia, Javier Ambrosio, Rocío Tirado-Mendoza, Julio César Carrero and Juan Pedro Laclette
Pathogens 2023, 12(6), 840; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12060840 - 18 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1852
Abstract
Recent advances have increased our understanding of the molecular machinery in the cytoskeleton of mammalian cells, in contrast to the case of tapeworm parasites, where cytoskeleton remains poorly characterized. The pertinence of a better knowledge of the tapeworm cytoskeleton is linked to the [...] Read more.
Recent advances have increased our understanding of the molecular machinery in the cytoskeleton of mammalian cells, in contrast to the case of tapeworm parasites, where cytoskeleton remains poorly characterized. The pertinence of a better knowledge of the tapeworm cytoskeleton is linked to the medical importance of these parasitic diseases in humans and animal stock. Moreover, its study could offer new possibilities for the development of more effective anti-parasitic drugs, as well as better strategies for their surveillance, prevention, and control. In the present review, we compile the results of recent experiments on the cytoskeleton of these parasites and analyze how these novel findings might trigger the development of new drugs or the redesign of those currently used in addition to supporting their use as biomarkers in cutting-edge diagnostic tests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Immunobiology of Parasitic Diseases Volume II)
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