Advanced Research on Rabies: Infection, Immunity, Therapy and Drug Development

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2024) | Viewed by 1964

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
The Laboratory of Immunology, The Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201-2002, USA
Interests: rabies virus; immunopathology; immune evasion; vaccines; antibodies; antivirals
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Co-Guest Editor
Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory (VMDL), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
Interests: measures of rabies immunity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In addition to having one of the highest fatality rates of all zoonotic pathogens known to date, rabies is a preventable disease when post-exposure prophylaxis is administered in a timely and appropriate manner. The development of new diagnostic methods, including molecular testing, has led to an increase in the use of molecular assays such as NGS, WGS, and ddPCR in rabies diagnostics. Vaccine development, therapeutics, and our ability to evaluate immune response have likewise advanced. This Special Issue will be devoted to research on rabies virus pathogenesis, immunology, vaccine strategies for animals and humans, novel diagnostics, and drug development.

Both original research reports and review articles are welcome. We look forward to receiving your contribution to Pathogens.

Dr. April D. Davis
Dr. Susan M. Moore
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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11 pages, 703 KiB  
Article
Persistence of Anti-Rabies Antibody Response in Horses Following Vaccination
by Sharon Tirosh-Levy, Leehe Shaiman Barom, Shiri Novak, Marina Eyngor, Gili Schvartz, Boris Yakobson and Amir Steinman
Pathogens 2024, 13(2), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13020125 - 28 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1577
Abstract
Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease affecting all mammalian species. It is caused by the rabies virus and is prevalent worldwide. Horses are not commonly infected with rabies but their vaccination is recommended due to the potential zoonotic risk. This study aimed to [...] Read more.
Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease affecting all mammalian species. It is caused by the rabies virus and is prevalent worldwide. Horses are not commonly infected with rabies but their vaccination is recommended due to the potential zoonotic risk. This study aimed to evaluate the duration of immunity following rabies vaccination in horses. A total of 126 serum samples were collected from 93 horses, vaccinated 6 to 91 months before sampling. Rabies-virus-neutralizing antibody (RVNA) levels were evaluated using the Rabies Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT). A protective RVNA titer of above 0.5 IU/mL was found in 112 (88.9%) of the samples and 84 (90.3%) of the horses. Antibody titers declined over time (rho = −0.271, p = 0.002); however, there was no significant difference in antibody titers or the prevalence of unprotected horses between the time intervals following vaccination. Purebred horses had lower antibody titers (p = 0.024). The response to booster vaccination was inspected in ten horses, and increased antibody titers were found in eight of them. The results of this study demonstrate the prolonged persistence of protective immunity in horses following rabies vaccination, in some cases, for up to eight years. Therefore, the current annual vaccination strategy should be re-evaluated. A rate of 9.7% of poor responders should be considered from an epidemiological perspective in order to minimize the risk of emergence of the disease. Full article
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