Emerging Trends in Inhaled Drug Delivery

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 May 2024 | Viewed by 1137

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, USA
Interests: inhaled drug delivery; thermostable vaccines; nanomedicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inhaled drug delivery is an excellent choice for non-invasive administration of drugs and has gained significant attention in the past decade or so. Pulmonary delivery allows for the direct administration of drugs/ biologics into the lungs for the treatment of both local and systemic diseases. The lungs, as a delivery site, offer many advantages such as a large surface area, dense vasculature, lower enzymatic activity than the gut, and a thin alveolar epithelium that allows for rapid absorption and immediate onset of action. The right combination of formulation and device is needed to generate particles or droplets of an appropriate aerodynamic diameter to achieve deposition in the respiratory airways. Recent advances in the field of pharmaceutical engineering, quality-by-design, and process analytical technology have enabled significant progress in formulation development for inhaled delivery.

In this Special Issue, we aim to collect articles that highlight and discuss the latest advances and emerging trends in inhaled drug delivery. Potential articles for this Special Issue may focus on the role of nanoparticles in pulmonary drug delivery, a quality-by-design-based approach toward the development of inhalable formulations, repurposing and reformulation of drugs and drug products for inhaled delivery, targeted delivery to specific regions of the lungs, and pulmonary vaccine delivery.

Dr. Nitesh K. Kunda
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • inhaled drug delivery
  • quality-by-design
  • nanoparticles in inhalation
  • pulmonary vaccine delivery

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 487 KiB  
Review
Budesonide Attains Its Wide Clinical Profile by Alternative Kinetics
by Ralph Brattsand and Olof Selroos
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(4), 503; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17040503 - 15 Apr 2024
Viewed by 672
Abstract
The introduction of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) changed over a few decades the treatment focus of mild-to-moderate asthma from bronchodilation to reduction in inflammation. This was achieved by inhaling a suitable corticosteroid (CS), giving a high, protracted airway concentration at a low total dose, [...] Read more.
The introduction of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) changed over a few decades the treatment focus of mild-to-moderate asthma from bronchodilation to reduction in inflammation. This was achieved by inhaling a suitable corticosteroid (CS), giving a high, protracted airway concentration at a low total dose, thereby better combining efficacy and tolerance than oral therapy. Successful trials with the potent, lipophilic “skin” CS beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) paved the way, suggesting that ICSs require a very low water solubility, prolonging their intraluminal dissolution within airways. The subsequent ICS development, with resulting clinical landmarks, is exemplified here with budesonide (BUD), showing that a similar efficacy/safety relationship is achievable by partly alternative mechanisms. BUD is much less lipophilic, giving it a 100-fold higher water solubility than BDP and later developed ICSs, leading to its more rapid intraluminal dissolution and faster airway and systemic uptake rates. In airway tissue, a BUD fraction is reversibly esterified to intracellular fatty acids, a lipophilic conjugate, which prolongs airway efficacy. Another mechanism is that the rapidly absorbed bulk fraction, via short plasma peaks, adds anti-inflammatory activity at the blood and bone marrow levels. Importantly, these plasma peaks are too short to provoke systemic adverse actions. Controlled clinical trials with BUD changed the use of ICS from a last resort to first-line treatment. Starting ICS treatment immediately after diagnosis (“early intervention”) became a landmark for BUD. An established dose response made BUD suitable for the treatment of patients with all degrees of asthma severity. With the development of the budesonide/formoterol combination inhaler (BUD/FORM), BUD contributed to the widely used BUD/FORM maintenance and reliever therapy (MART). Recent studies demonstrated the value of BUD/FORM as a generally recommended as-needed therapy for asthma (“anti-inflammatory reliever”, AIR). These abovementioned qualities have all influenced international asthma management and treatment guidelines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends in Inhaled Drug Delivery)
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