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Pharmaceuticals
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Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Brain Cancer: Recent Advances and...
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Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Brain Cancer: Recent Advances and Future Trends

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2025 | Viewed by 1976

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Terezia Kiskova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
Interests: brain cancer; molecular mechanism; natural compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Brain cancer is a serious issue in the global burden of diseases. It is estimated that 3.24 million new cancer cases and 1.66 million cancer deaths will be registered across Europe in 2024 and 40,800 of these deaths are from brain and central nervous system (CNS) cancers. Despite extensive efforts in molecular biology research, advances in biomedical engineering, artificial intelligence (AI) and big data science, brain tumors remain among the deadliest forms of cancer, resisting almost all conventional and novel treatments.

The aim of this Special Issue is to focus on recent advances and trends in the diagnosis, treatment (standard and newly developed, as well as natural substances) and the development of new in vitro, in vivo or ex vivo models in the field of brain cancer. Original articles and reviews are welcome for publication on the topic.

Dr. Terezia Kiskova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceuticals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • brain cancer
  • molecular mechanism
  • treatment
  • diagnosis
  • in vitro
  • in vivo
  • models

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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29 pages, 6589 KiB  
Article
Identification of Deregulated miRNAs and mRNAs Involved in Tumorigenesis and Detection of Glioblastoma Patients Applying Next-Generation RNA Sequencing
by Dóra Géczi, Álmos Klekner, István Balogh, András Penyige, Melinda Szilágyi, József Virga, Andrea Bakó, Bálint Nagy, Bernadett Torner and Zsuzsanna Birkó
Pharmaceuticals 2025, 18(3), 431; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18030431 - 19 Mar 2025
Viewed by 310
Abstract
(1) Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive brain tumors with a poor prognosis. Therefore, new insights into GBM diagnosis and treatment are required. In addition to differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs may have the potential to be applied as diagnostic biomarkers. [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive brain tumors with a poor prognosis. Therefore, new insights into GBM diagnosis and treatment are required. In addition to differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs may have the potential to be applied as diagnostic biomarkers. (2) Methods: In this study, profiling of human miRNAs in combination with mRNAs was performed on total RNA isolated from tissue samples of five control and five GBM patients, using a high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) approach. (3) Results: A total of 35 miRNAs and 365 mRNAs were upregulated, while 82 miRNAs and 1225 mRNAs showed significant downregulation between tissue samples of GBM patients compared to the control samples using the iDEP tool to analyze RNA-Seq data. To validate our results, the expression of five miRNAs (hsa-miR-196a-5p, hsa-miR-21-3p, hsa-miR-10b-3p, hsa-miR-383-5p, and hsa-miR-490-3p) and fourteen mRNAs (E2F2, HOXD13, VEGFA, CDC45, AURKB, HOXC10, MYBL2, FABP6, PRLHR, NEUROD6, CBLN1, HRH3, HCN1, and RELN) was determined by RT-qPCR assay. The miRNet tool was used to build miRNA–target interaction. Furthermore, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was created from the miRNA targets by applying the NetworkAnalyst 3.0 tool. Based on the PPI network, a functional enrichment analysis of the target proteins was also carried out. (4) Conclusions: We identified an miRNA panel and several deregulated mRNAs that could play an important role in tumor development and distinguish GBM patients from healthy controls with high sensitivity and specificity using total RNA isolated from tissue samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Brain Cancer: Recent Advances and Future Trends)
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Review

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15 pages, 255 KiB  
Review
A 5-Year Update on the Clinical Development of Cancer Cell-Based Vaccines for Glioblastoma Multiforme
by Almohanad A. Alkayyal and Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
Pharmaceuticals 2025, 18(3), 376; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18030376 - 6 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1187
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered one of the most aggressive forms of brain cancer with a 15-month median survival, despite advancements in surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The immune-suppressed tumor microenvironment and the blood–brain barrier are major contributors to its poor prognosis and treatment [...] Read more.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered one of the most aggressive forms of brain cancer with a 15-month median survival, despite advancements in surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The immune-suppressed tumor microenvironment and the blood–brain barrier are major contributors to its poor prognosis and treatment resistance. In the last decade, significant progress has been made in developing cell-based vaccines to boost immune responses against GBM. This review provides an extensive update on recent clinical trials involving various cancer cell vaccines, including ICT-107, the α-type-1 DC vaccine, and others. Although these trials have demonstrated potential improvements in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), the diverse and immune-suppressed nature of GBM poses challenges for consistent therapeutic success. We discuss the details of these trials along with the potential mechanism of vaccine efficacy and immune activations. The findings of these trials highlight the significance of a personalized immunotherapy approach and suggest that patient stratification could significantly advance the clinical management of GBM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Brain Cancer: Recent Advances and Future Trends)
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