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Photonics
Special Issues
Optical Sensors and Devices
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Optical Sensors and Devices

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Lasers, Light Sources and Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 4723

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zhaoyong Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
Interests: distributed fiber sensing; fiber laser; fiber Bragg grating; optical sensing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sensors are vital tools for humans to perceive, understand, and change the world. Sensors can not only enhance human perception capabilities but also broaden our perception scope, even granting non-living entities the ability to perceive. As a major category of sensing technology, optical sensors and devices play an indispensable role in today's society with their diverse and unique advantages. Firstly, optical sensors harness multiple optical properties (e.g., spectrum, intensity, linewidth, phase, frequency, polarization state, spatial mode pattern, etc.) to acquire information from various physical, chemical, and biological fields, which brings diverse sensing technique types and comprehensive perception information. Secondly, the carrier frequency exceeds 100 terahertz (THz) in optical sensors, enabling wideband and high-fidelity acquisition of measured information with exceptional sensitivity. Thirdly, the sensing units are often composed of vacuum or optical fibers, and thus optical sensors exhibit robust environmental adaptability, including strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, compact structures, etc., whose features make optical sensors well-suited for severe environments like oceans, aerospace, nuclear reactors, and more. With continuous advancements in optoelectronic device technology, various optical sensing technologies have undergone iterative upgrades, such as laser remote sensing, fiber-optic sensing, and distributed fiber sensing. Furthermore, aided by micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMSs) and photonic integration circuit (PIC) technologies, optical sensing systems have become more compact, and their application scenarios have continued to expand, permeating every aspect of human life, including intelligent driving, wearable medical devices, and beyond.

This Special Issue aims to publish high-quality papers that study the emerging important technologies in optical sensors and devices. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following topics:

  • Fiber laser technology;
  • Gas remote sensing;
  • Lidar (light detection and ranging);
  • Fiber optic sensing;
  • Fiber optic gyroscope;
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT);
  • Fiber Bragg grating (FBG);
  • Distributed fiber optic sensing (DAS, DVS, DTS, BOTDR, BOTDA, BOCDA, etc.);
  • Visible light sensor;
  • Intensity correlated quantum imaging;
  • Biosensor;
  • Chemical sensor;
  • Wearable sensor;
  • Photonic integration technology;
  • Photoelectric detection and signal processing;
  • Optical sensing devices;
  • Cutting-edge optical sensing technology.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Zhaoyong Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • optical fiber sensor
  • optical spectrum
  • distributed fiber sensing
  • optical remote sensing
  • optical scattering
  • photoelectric detection

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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22 pages, 4461 KiB  
Article
Single-Shot, Monochrome, Spatial Pixel-Encoded, Structured Light System for Determining Surface Orientations
by Ahsan Elahi, Qidan Zhu, Jun Lu, Umer Farooq, Ghulam Farid, Muhammad Bilal and Yong Li
Photonics 2024, 11(11), 1046; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11111046 - 7 Nov 2024
Viewed by 568
Abstract
This study introduces a technique for determining surface orientations by projecting a monochrome, spatial pixel-encoded pattern and calculating the surface normals from single-shot measurement. Our method differs from traditional methods, such as shape from shading and shape from texture, in that it does [...] Read more.
This study introduces a technique for determining surface orientations by projecting a monochrome, spatial pixel-encoded pattern and calculating the surface normals from single-shot measurement. Our method differs from traditional methods, such as shape from shading and shape from texture, in that it does not require relating the local surface orientations of adjacent points. We propose a multi-resolution system incorporating symbols varying in sizes from 8 × 8, 10 × 10, 12 × 12, 14 × 14, and 16 × 16 pixels. Compared to previous methods, we have achieved a denser reconstruction and obtained a 5.2 mm resolution using an 8 × 8 pattern at a depth of 110 cm. Unlike previous methods, which used local point orientations of grid intersection and multiple colors, we have used the monochrome pattern and deterministic centroid positions to compute the unit vector or direction vector between the neighboring symbols. The light plane intersections are used to calculate the tangent vectors on the surface. Surface normals are determined by the cross-product of two tangent vectors on the surface. A real experiment was conducted to measure simple plane surfaces, circular surfaces, and complex sculptures. The results show that the process of calculating surface normals is fast and reliable, and we have computed 1654 surface normals in 29.4 milliseconds for complex surfaces such as sculptures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Sensors and Devices)
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15 pages, 6269 KiB  
Article
Particle Size Inversion Based on L1,∞-Constrained Regularization Model in Dynamic Light Scattering
by Changzhi Li, Zhi Dou, Yajing Wang, Jin Shen, Wei Liu, Gaoge Zhang, Zhixiang Yang and Xiaojun Fu
Photonics 2024, 11(11), 1041; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11111041 - 6 Nov 2024
Viewed by 410
Abstract
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a highly efficient approach for extracting particle size distributions (PSDs) from autocorrelation functions (ACFs) to measure nanoparticle particles. However, it is a technical challenge to get an exact inversion of the PSD in DLS. Generally, Tikhonov regularization is [...] Read more.
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a highly efficient approach for extracting particle size distributions (PSDs) from autocorrelation functions (ACFs) to measure nanoparticle particles. However, it is a technical challenge to get an exact inversion of the PSD in DLS. Generally, Tikhonov regularization is widely used to address this issue; it uses the L2 norm for both the data fitting term (DFT) and the regularization constraint term. However, the L2 norm’s DFT has poor robustness, and its regularization term lacks sparsity, making the solution susceptible to noise and a reduction in accuracy. To solve this problem, the Lp,q norm restrictive model is formulated to examine the impact of various norms in the DFT and regularization term on the inversion results. On this basis, combined with the robustness of DFT and the sparsity of regularization terms, an L1,∞-constrained Tikhonov regularization model was constructed. This model improves the inversion accuracy of PSD and offers a better noise-resistance performance. Simulation tests reveal that the L1,∞ model has strong noise resistance, exceptional inversion precision, and excellent bimodal resolution. The inversion outcomes for the 33 nm unimodal particles, the 55 nm unimodal, and the 33 nm/203 nm bimodal experimental particles show that L1,∞ reduces peak errors by at most 6.06%, 5.46%, and 12.12%/3.94% compared to L2,2, L1,2, and L2,∞ models, respectively. These simulations are validated by experimental data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Sensors and Devices)
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15 pages, 5338 KiB  
Article
Research on the Fabrication and Parameters of a Flexible Fiber Optic Pressure Sensor with High Sensitivity
by Huixin Zhang, Jing Wu and Chencheng Gao
Photonics 2024, 11(10), 919; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11100919 - 28 Sep 2024
Viewed by 894
Abstract
In recent years, flexible pressure sensors have garnered significant attention. However, the development of large-area, low-cost, and easily fabricated flexible pressure sensors remains challenging. We designed a flexible fiber optic pressure sensor for contact force detection based on the principle of backward Rayleigh [...] Read more.
In recent years, flexible pressure sensors have garnered significant attention. However, the development of large-area, low-cost, and easily fabricated flexible pressure sensors remains challenging. We designed a flexible fiber optic pressure sensor for contact force detection based on the principle of backward Rayleigh scattering using a single-mode optical fiber as the sensing element and polymer PDMS as the encapsulation material. To enhance the sensor’s sensitivity and stability, we optimized its structural design, parameters, and fabrication process and measured the fiber strain using an optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR). The results showed that the sensor achieved a high sensitivity of 6.93247 με/kPa with a PDMS concentration ratio of 10:1, a curing time of 2 h, and a substrate thickness of 5 mm. The sensor demonstrated excellent linearity and repeatability in static performance tests and was successfully used to monitor the plantar pressure distribution in real time. This flexible fiber optic pressure sensor can be developed via a simple fabrication process, has a low cost, and has high sensitivity, highlighting its potential applications in smart wearables and medical diagnostics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Sensors and Devices)
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