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Polymers
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Polymers for Oilfield Production Chemistry
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Polymers for Oilfield Production Chemistry

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 7731

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ping Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
Interests: environmental water chemistry; solid nucleation and precipitation process in aqueous environments; mineral scale deposition and control for oilfield and industrial systems; fate and transport of pollutants in sediments and groundwater

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oilfield production chemistry focuses on the impact of physicochemical changes in the production system on fluid flow. Common threats in this field include corrosion, gas hydrates, mineral scales, paraffins (waxes), asphaltenes, foaming, emulsions, etc. To overcome or minimize these operational problems, production chemicals are widely adopted in the oil and gas industry. Common oilfield production chemicals include corrosion inhibitors, hydrate inhibitors, scale inhibitors, wax inhibitors, asphaltene inhibitors, defoamers, demulsifiers, biocides, oxygen scavengers, and chemicals for enhanced oil recovery. Polymeric chemicals account for a significant portion of the aforementioned production chemicals. Extensive research has been carried out by both academia and industry in the field of production chemicals, especially regarding polymeric production chemicals, with the aim of controlling elevated production chemistry threats in more challenging oilfield operations, such as high-temperature high-pressure fields, shale productions, and offshore developments. This Special Issue aims to give an overview of the latest advances in oilfield production chemicals and their applications in a diverse range of production chemistry areas with a focus on advances in the synthesis, characterization, testing, and applications of polymeric production chemicals for controlling oilfield production chemistry threats.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Novel production chemicals;
  • Novel production chemical nanomaterials ;
  • Novel chemical management technologies;
  • New mechanistic findings in production chemistry;
  • Laboratory and field testing of novel production chemicals.
  • Review of the latest advances.

Dr. Ping Zhang 
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 5910 KiB  
Article
Polymer Screening for Efficient Water Cut Reduction in a Sandstone Oilfield in Kazakhstan
by Daniyar Yerniyazov, Madi Yesmukhambet, Razida Kenes, Azamat Bukayev, Mariam Shakeel, Peyman Pourafshary and Darya Musharova
Polymers 2023, 15(8), 1969; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15081969 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1721
Abstract
Polymer flooding is one of the most widely used and effective enhanced oil recovery techniques. It can improve the macroscopic sweep efficiency of a reservoir by controlling the fractional flow of water. The applicability of polymer flooding for one of the sandstone fields [...] Read more.
Polymer flooding is one of the most widely used and effective enhanced oil recovery techniques. It can improve the macroscopic sweep efficiency of a reservoir by controlling the fractional flow of water. The applicability of polymer flooding for one of the sandstone fields in Kazakhstan was evaluated in this study and polymer screening was carried out to choose the most appropriate polymer among four hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer samples. Polymer samples were prepared in Caspian seawater (CSW) and assessed based on rheology, thermal stability, sensitivity to non-ionic materials and oxygen, and static adsorption. All the tests were performed at a reservoir temperature of 63 °C. Based on the results of the screening study, tolerance of a polymer towards high-temperature reservoir conditions, resistance to bacterial activity and dissolved oxygen present in make-up brine, chemical degradation, and reduced adsorption on rock surface were considered the most important screening parameters. As a result of this screening study, one out of four polymers was selected for the target field as it showed a negligible effect of bacterial activity on thermal stability. The results of static adsorption also showed 13–14% lower adsorption of the selected polymer compared to other polymers tested in the study. The results of this study demonstrate important screening criteria to be followed during polymer selection for an oilfield as the polymer should be selected based on not only polymer characteristics but also the polymer interactions with the ionic and non-ionic components of the make-up brine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Oilfield Production Chemistry)
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17 pages, 4155 KiB  
Article
Influence of Poly (benzyl oleate-co-maleic anhydride) Pour Point Depressant with Di-Stearyl Amine on Waxy Crude Oil
by Marwa R. Elkatory, Mohamed A. Hassaan, Emad A. Soliman, Violeta-Carolina Niculescu, Maria Simona Raboaca and Ahmed El Nemr
Polymers 2023, 15(2), 306; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15020306 - 6 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2309
Abstract
An important problem for the oil industry is the deposition of paraffin on pipelines during the transit of crude oil and restart processes at low temperature. In this regard, the need for suitable methods of wax deposition has attracted substantial attention. Therefore, pour [...] Read more.
An important problem for the oil industry is the deposition of paraffin on pipelines during the transit of crude oil and restart processes at low temperature. In this regard, the need for suitable methods of wax deposition has attracted substantial attention. Therefore, pour point depressants (PPDs) are considered a critical processing aid to modify the paraffin crystallization and improve the flow of waxy crude oil. The effect of pendants in comb-type copolymers on the ability of crude oil to flow in the cold is examined in the current study. Such PPDs were first created by the free radical polymerization of maleic anhydride with benzyl oleate to create the poly (benzyl oleate-co-maleic anhydride). The resultant copolymer was then aminated with alkyl amine (stearyl amine) (C18H39N) to form pendant alkyl amine chains. The esterified copolymers were structurally characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared, X-ray diffraction spectral analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the potential interactions between PPD and waxes were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and light microscopy. The obtained PPDs, which are effective at a dose of 2000 ppm, were able to reduce the pour point by up to 3 °C. The viscosity and yield stress of the petroleum waxy crude oil were revealed by rheometer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Oilfield Production Chemistry)
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20 pages, 4051 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Laboratory Testing of Polymeric Scale Inhibitor Colloidal Materials for Oilfield Mineral Scale Control
by Hanji Wang, Huaxia Dong, Xianbin Liu and Ping Zhang
Polymers 2022, 14(19), 4240; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14194240 - 10 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1662
Abstract
Mineral scale refers to the hard crystalline inorganic solid deposit from the water phase. Although scale formation is very common in the natural environment, deposited scale particles can seriously threaten the integrity and safety of various industries, particularly oilfield productions. Scale deposition is [...] Read more.
Mineral scale refers to the hard crystalline inorganic solid deposit from the water phase. Although scale formation is very common in the natural environment, deposited scale particles can seriously threaten the integrity and safety of various industries, particularly oilfield productions. Scale deposition is one of the three most serious water-related production chemistry threats in the petroleum industry. The most commonly adopted engineering approach to control the scale threat is chemical inhibition by applying scale inhibitor chemicals. Aminophosphonates and polymeric inhibitors are the two major groups of scale inhibitors. To address the drawbacks of conventional inhibitors, scale inhibitor colloidal materials have been prepared as an alternative delivery vehicle of inhibitors for scale control. Quite a few studies have reported on the laboratory synthesis and testing of scale inhibitor colloidal materials composed mainly of pre-precipitated metal-aminophosphonate solids. However, limited research has been conducted on the preparation of polymeric inhibitor-based colloidal materials. This study reports the synthesis approach and laboratory testing of novel polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) based inhibitor colloidal material. PSS was selected in this study due to its high thermal stability and calcium tolerance with no phosphorus in its molecule. Both precipitation and surfactant surface modification methods were employed to prepare a barium-PSS colloidal inhibitor (BaPCI) material with an average diameter of several hundred nanometers. Experimental results indicate that the prepared BaPCI material has a decent migration capacity in the formation medium, and this material is superior to the conventional PSS inhibitor in terms of inhibitor return performance. The prepared novel BaPCI material has a great potential to be adopted for field scale control where environmentally friendly, thermal stable, and/or calcium tolerating requirements should be satisfied. This study further expands and promotes our capacity to fabricate and utilize functional colloidal materials for mineral scale control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Oilfield Production Chemistry)
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13 pages, 3444 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of a Novel Heat and Salt-Resistant Gel Plugging Agent
by Xuejiao Li, Meilong Fu, Jie Liu, Qi Xiao, Wenhao Tang and Guike Yang
Polymers 2022, 14(18), 3894; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183894 - 17 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1522
Abstract
Tahe oil field is a typical fissure cave carbonate reservoir with a temperature of up to 120~140 °C and a total salinity of formation water of (20~25) × 104 mg/L. In this paper, AM/AMPS was selected as the polymer, 1, 5-dihydroxy naphthol [...] Read more.
Tahe oil field is a typical fissure cave carbonate reservoir with a temperature of up to 120~140 °C and a total salinity of formation water of (20~25) × 104 mg/L. In this paper, AM/AMPS was selected as the polymer, 1, 5-dihydroxy naphthol as the cross-linking agent, and polypropylene fiber as the system stabilizer to synthesize a novel gel plugging agent independently; the gel has good thermal stability at a high temperature of 130 °C and increased salinity of 20 × 104 mg/L, and has a dense and relatively stable three-dimensional network structure under a scanning electron microscope. The performance evaluation of the gel plugging agent indicated that: the gel dehydration rate increased gradually with the increase in temperature and salinity, making it suitable for reservoirs with temperatures below 140 °C and formation water salinity below 250,000 mg/L; the viscosity of the gel bulk was 125.3 mPa∙s, the post-gelatinizing viscosity was 42,800 mPa∙s, and the gelatinizing time at 120 °C, 130 °C and 140 °C was 10–20 h, 8–18 h, and 7–16 h, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers for Oilfield Production Chemistry)
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