Polymer Surface and Interfacial Control for Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Smart and Functional Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 October 2022) | Viewed by 8988

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
Interests: biomaterials; bio-interface; surface modification; antibacterial surface; medical implants

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
Interests: biomaterials; 3D printing; medical implants; wound dressing; hemostatic agents

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

When circulating blood comes into contact with an artificial material surface, it can coagulate and form a clot. Additionally, adsorption of proteins or lipids occurs rapidly when a contact lens and the eye fluid come into contact. Such blood coagulation or protein adsorption often limits the general use of polymers as biomaterial. Although it is difficult to fully maintain antithrombotic or antifouling properties, bio-inert surfaces have been developed that can reduce blood coagulation or protein adsorption to some extent. For example, blood coagulation and protein adsorption can be minimized by creating a super-hydrophilic or super-hydrophobic surface. Super-hydrophilic surfaces appear to be more suitable for most blood-related and ophthalmic applications.

Recently, technological advances and practical use in surgical operations have rapidly expanded the applicability of biomedical materials. For decades, biomaterial research has been reported in the development of functional medical matters such as hemostatic sutures, implants, drug carriers, and engineered artificial tissues as medical treatments. Most medical matters and artificial tissues, except for hard tissues such as bones and teeth, are made of polymer materials. Early research focused on bio-inert polymers to avoid inflammation, blood coagulation and protein adsorption with living tissue; however, subsequent studies are being conducted to actively create an environment similar to a living body by binding a biological component to a polymer surface. In addition, by studying the interfacial properties between biological tissues and polymers, it became possible to manufacture bio-composite materials composed of hydroxyapatite, the main component of bone and tooth, and polymers for ordinary medical applications.

This Special Issue will focus on the surface and interfacial chemistry of functional polymers for biomedical applications. Through this, it aims to provide information on convergence science, including polymers, to materials scientists, as well as front-line medical and dental researchers majoring in clinical medicine.

Prof. Dr. Inn-Kyu Kang
Prof. Dr. Ohhyeong Kwon
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • polymer surface
  • interface
  • hydrogel
  • blood coagulation
  • antifouling
  • biomaterials
  • hemostasis

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 3417 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyethylene Glycol-Grafted Photoreactive Polyethylene Glycols for Antibiofouling Applications
by Mahmoud H. Othman, Yoshihiro Ito and Jun Akimoto
Polymers 2023, 15(1), 184; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15010184 - 30 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1732
Abstract
Notably, antibiofouling is an important and predominant technique adopted to improve the surfaces of biomaterials. In this study, polyethylene glycol-grafted polyethylene glycols bearing azidophenyl groups were synthesized and immobilized on polystyrene surfaces via photoirradiation. The prepared polymers were found to be highly soluble [...] Read more.
Notably, antibiofouling is an important and predominant technique adopted to improve the surfaces of biomaterials. In this study, polyethylene glycol-grafted polyethylene glycols bearing azidophenyl groups were synthesized and immobilized on polystyrene surfaces via photoirradiation. The prepared polymers were found to be highly soluble in water, and photoimmobilization with fluorescent proteins was confirmed based on micropatterning using a photomask. These polymers suppressed nonspecific interactions between proteins and cells on the substrate. Considering that photoimmobilization can be adopted for the covalent bond modification of various surfaces, the developed water-soluble and highly antibiofouling polymers appear to be useful in biomaterial preparation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Surface and Interfacial Control for Biomedical Applications)
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13 pages, 3059 KiB  
Article
Bioabsorbable Carboxymethyl Starch–Calcium Ionic Assembly Powder as a Hemostatic Agent
by Young-Gwang Ko, Byeong Nam Kim, Eun Jin Kim, Ho Yun Chung, Seong Yong Park, Young-Jin Kim and Oh Hyeong Kwon
Polymers 2022, 14(18), 3909; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183909 - 19 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3173
Abstract
In contrast to hemostatic fabrics, foams, and gels, hemostatic spray powders may be conveniently applied on narrow and complex bleeding sites. However, powdered hemostatic agents are easily desorbed from the bleeding surface because of blood flow, which seriously decreases their hemostatic function. In [...] Read more.
In contrast to hemostatic fabrics, foams, and gels, hemostatic spray powders may be conveniently applied on narrow and complex bleeding sites. However, powdered hemostatic agents are easily desorbed from the bleeding surface because of blood flow, which seriously decreases their hemostatic function. In this study, the hemostatic performance of a bioabsorbable powder with decreased desorption was investigated. The proposed hemostatic powder (OOZFIXTM) is an ionic assembly of carboxymethyl starch and calcium. The microstructure and chemical properties of the hemostatic powder were analyzed. The hemostatic performance (blood absorption, blood absorption rate, and coagulation time), thromboelastography (TEG), rheology, adhesion force, and C3a complement activation of the OOZFIXTM were evaluated and compared with those of the carboxymethyl starch-based commercial hemostatic powder (AristaTM AH). The in vivo rat hepatic hemorrhage model for hemostasis time and bioabsorption of the OOZFIXTM showed quick biodegradation (<3 weeks) and a significantly improved hemostasis rate (78 ± 17 s) compared to that of AristaTM AH (182 ± 11) because of the reduced desorption. The bioabsorbable hemostatic powder OOZFIXTM is expected to be a promising hemostatic agent for precise medical surgical treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Surface and Interfacial Control for Biomedical Applications)
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12 pages, 2632 KiB  
Article
Morphological Dependence of Breast Cancer Cell Responses to Doxorubicin on Micropatterned Surfaces
by Jing Zheng, Rui Sun, Huajian Chen, Tianjiao Zeng, Toru Yoshitomi, Naoki Kawazoe, Yingnan Yang and Guoping Chen
Polymers 2022, 14(14), 2761; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14142761 - 6 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1619
Abstract
Cell morphology has been widely investigated for its influence on the functions of normal cells. However, the influence of cell morphology on cancer cell resistance to anti-cancer drugs remains unclear. In this study, micropatterned surfaces were prepared and used to control the spreading [...] Read more.
Cell morphology has been widely investigated for its influence on the functions of normal cells. However, the influence of cell morphology on cancer cell resistance to anti-cancer drugs remains unclear. In this study, micropatterned surfaces were prepared and used to control the spreading area and elongation of human breast cancer cell line. The influences of cell adhesion area and elongation on resistance to doxorubicin were investigated. The percentage of apoptotic breast cancer cells decreased with cell spreading area, while did not change with cell elongation. Large breast cancer cells had higher resistance to doxorubicin, better assembled actin filaments, higher DNA synthesis activity and higher expression of P-glycoprotein than small breast cancer cells. The results suggested that the morphology of breast cancer cells could affect their resistance to doxorubicin. The influence was correlated with cytoskeletal organization, DNA synthesis activity and P-glycoprotein expression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Surface and Interfacial Control for Biomedical Applications)
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13 pages, 6733 KiB  
Article
Immobilization of Collagen on the Surface of a PEEK Implant with Monolayer Nanopores
by Hun Kim, Yang Ho Lee, Nam Kwon Kim and Inn Kyu Kang
Polymers 2022, 14(9), 1633; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091633 - 19 Apr 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1960
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is the only polymer material that can replace titanium implants in the field of orthopedics. This is because the mechanical properties of PEEK are similar to those of bone, and PEEK has natural radiolucency, chemical stability, and sterilization resistance. Despite these [...] Read more.
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is the only polymer material that can replace titanium implants in the field of orthopedics. This is because the mechanical properties of PEEK are similar to those of bone, and PEEK has natural radiolucency, chemical stability, and sterilization resistance. Despite these advantages, PEEK has a disadvantage—that it is bio-inert. Therefore, many studies have attempted to change the bio-inertness of PEEK into bioactivity. Among them, a method of forming pores by acid treatment is attracting attention. In this study, an attempt was made to form pores on the surface of PEEK implant using a mixed acid of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. As a result, it was found that the condition when the PEEK surface is in contact with the acid is very important. That is, it was possible to form single-layered nanopores on the surface by contacting PEEK with a mixed acid under ultrasound. Additionally, by immobilizing type I collagen on the porous PEEK surface through dopamine coating, it was possible to obtain collagen-immobilized porous PEEK (P-PEEK-Col) with high compatibility with osteoblasts. This P-PEEK-Col has high potential for use as a bone substitute that promotes bone formation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Surface and Interfacial Control for Biomedical Applications)
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