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Polymers
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Ring-Opening Polymerization
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Ring-Opening Polymerization

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2013) | Viewed by 105897

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Michael R. Buchmeiser

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chair of Macromolecular Compounds and Fiber Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Interests: catalytic polymerization; chemical and physical surface modification; porous polymeric supports and their use in heterogeneous catalysis; fiber chemistry including high-performance carbon; polymeric and inorganic fibers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This issue covers all aspects of ring opening polymerization (ROP) including cationic, anionic, radical and enzyme-mediated ROP as well as ring-opening metathesis polymerization. Contributions focusing on initiators, new monomers or copolymers, changes in reaction mechanism, new polymers and materials prepared by ROP are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Michael R. Buchmeiser
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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2127 KiB  
Article
Immobilization of Poly(1,1-dimethysilacyclobutane) by Means of Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization on Organic Nanoparticles and Reinvestigation of Crystallization
by Markus Gallei, Junyu Li, Johannes Elbert, Markus Mazurowski, Astrid Schönberger, Christian Schmidt, Bernd Stühn and Matthias Rehahn
Polymers 2013, 5(1), 284-302; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym5010284 - 15 Mar 2013
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 8533
Abstract
In the present study, the synthesis of poly(1,1-dimethylsilacyclobutane) (PDMSB) by anionic ring opening polymerization (ROP) is reinvestigated, leading to narrowly distributed molar masses (polydispersities 1.04–1.15) in the range of 2.3 to 60 kg mol−1. Investigations of thermal behavior for low molar [...] Read more.
In the present study, the synthesis of poly(1,1-dimethylsilacyclobutane) (PDMSB) by anionic ring opening polymerization (ROP) is reinvestigated, leading to narrowly distributed molar masses (polydispersities 1.04–1.15) in the range of 2.3 to 60 kg mol−1. Investigations of thermal behavior for low molar mass PDMSB revealed an untypical multiple peaks melting phenomenon, which at first glance, seems to be of the same origin as low molar mass poly(ethylene oxide)s. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements are done, proving the fast crystallization and subsequent recrystallization for investigated low molar mass samples. Synthetic attempts are expanded to the surface-initiated anionic ROP of 1,1-dimethylsilacyclobutane (DMSB) monomer from the surface of cross-linked polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles. Novel polycarbosilanes (PCS)/organic core/shell particles are obtained, which are investigated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments. First insights into the crystallization behavior of surface-attached PDMSB chains reveal that crystallization seems to be hindered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ring-Opening Polymerization)
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281 KiB  
Article
Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Norbornene and Derivatives by the Triply Bonded Ditungsten Complex Na[W2(µ-Cl)3Cl4(THF)2]·(THF)3
by Georgios Floros, Nikolaos Saragas, Patrina Paraskevopoulou, Nikolaos Psaroudakis, Spyros Koinis, Marinos Pitsikalis, Nikos Hadjichristidis and Konstantinos Mertis
Polymers 2012, 4(4), 1657-1673; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym4041657 - 21 Nov 2012
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 14948
Abstract
In this study, the reactions of the bimetallic compound Na[W2(µ-Cl)3Cl4(THF)2]·(THF)3 (1, (W 3 W)6+, a'2e'4) with norbornene (NBE) and some of its [...] Read more.
In this study, the reactions of the bimetallic compound Na[W2(µ-Cl)3Cl4(THF)2]·(THF)3 (1, (W 3 W)6+, a'2e'4) with norbornene (NBE) and some of its derivatives (5-X-2-NBE; X = COOH (NBE–COOH), OH (NBE–OH), CN (NBE–CN), COOMe (NBE–COOMe), CH=CH2 (VNBE); norbornadiene (NBD)) are described. Complex 1 contains a tungsten–tungsten triple bond, bearing three halide bridges and two labile THF ligands, in a cisoidal relationship along the metal–metal axis. The complex was found to be a highly efficient room temperature homogeneous and heterogeneous unicomponent initiator for the catalytic ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of most substrates. NBE provides polynorbornene (PNBE) of high molecular weight (Mw) in high yields, soluble in organic solvents. The reaction proceeds with high cis-stereoselectivity (80%–86% cis), independently of the reaction conditions. Strongly coordinating pendant groups (–COOH, –OH, –CN) deactivate 1, whereas substrates bearing softer ones (–COOMe, –CH=CH2) are quantitatively polymerized. NBD gives quantitatively insoluble PNBD. The polymers have been characterized by 1H, 13C NMR and Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC). Monitoring the reactions in situ by 1H NMR (1/NBD or NBE) provides direct evidence of the metathetical nature of the polymerization with the observation of the active tungsten alkylidene propagating polymeric chains. Mechanistic aspects of the reactions are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ring-Opening Polymerization)
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Review

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1138 KiB  
Review
Design Strategies for Functionalized Poly(2-oxazoline)s and Derived Materials
by Elisabeth Rossegger, Verena Schenk and Frank Wiesbrock
Polymers 2013, 5(3), 956-1011; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym5030956 - 15 Jul 2013
Cited by 127 | Viewed by 24155
Abstract
The polymer class of poly(2-oxazoline)s currently is under intensive investigation due to the versatile properties that can be tailor-made by the variation and manipulation of the functional groups they bear. In particular their utilization in the biomedic(in)al field is the subject of numerous [...] Read more.
The polymer class of poly(2-oxazoline)s currently is under intensive investigation due to the versatile properties that can be tailor-made by the variation and manipulation of the functional groups they bear. In particular their utilization in the biomedic(in)al field is the subject of numerous studies. Given the mechanism of the cationic ring-opening polymerization, a plethora of synthetic strategies exists for the preparation of poly(2-oxazoline)s with dedicated functionality patterns, comprising among others the functionalization by telechelic end-groups, the incorporation of substituted monomers into (co)poly(2-oxazoline)s, and polymeranalogous reactions. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art of poly(2-oxazoline) preparation and showcases prominent examples of poly(2-oxazoline)-based materials, which are retraced to the desktop-planned synthetic strategy and the variability of their properties for dedicated applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ring-Opening Polymerization)
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1491 KiB  
Review
Ring-Opening Polymerization—An Introductory Review
by Oskar Nuyken and Stephen D. Pask
Polymers 2013, 5(2), 361-403; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym5020361 - 25 Apr 2013
Cited by 302 | Viewed by 50021
Abstract
This short, introductory review covers the still rapidly growing and industrially important field of ring opening polymerization (ROP). The review is organized according to mechanism (radical ROP (RROP), cationic ROP (CROP), anionic ROP (AROP) and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)) rather than monomer classes. [...] Read more.
This short, introductory review covers the still rapidly growing and industrially important field of ring opening polymerization (ROP). The review is organized according to mechanism (radical ROP (RROP), cationic ROP (CROP), anionic ROP (AROP) and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)) rather than monomer classes. Nevertheless, the different groups of cyclic monomers are considered (olefins, ethers, thioethers, amines, lactones, thiolactones, lactams, disulfides, anhydrides, carbonates, silicones, phosphazenes and phosphonites) and the mechanisms by which they can be polymerized involving a ring-opening polymerization. Literature up to 2012 has been considered but the citations selected refer to detailed reviews and key papers, describing not only the latest developments but also the evolution of the current state of the art. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ring-Opening Polymerization)
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227 KiB  
Review
Synthesis and Polymerizability of Atom-Bridged Bicyclic Monomers
by Henry K. Hall
Polymers 2012, 4(4), 1674-1686; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym4041674 - 05 Dec 2012
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 7067
Abstract
¨The synthesis and polymerizability of atom-bridged bicyclic monomers was surveyed. The monomers included lactams, ureas, urethanes, lactones, carbonates, ethers, acetals, orthoesters, and amines. Despite widely-varying structures, they almost all polymerized to give polymers with monocyclic rings in the chain. The polymerizations are grouped [...] Read more.
¨The synthesis and polymerizability of atom-bridged bicyclic monomers was surveyed. The monomers included lactams, ureas, urethanes, lactones, carbonates, ethers, acetals, orthoesters, and amines. Despite widely-varying structures, they almost all polymerized to give polymers with monocyclic rings in the chain. The polymerizations are grouped by mechanism: uncoordinated anionic, coordinated anionic, and cationic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ring-Opening Polymerization)
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