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Processes
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Sustainable Materials and Chemical Processes-From Concepts to Applications
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Sustainable Materials and Chemical Processes-From Concepts to Applications

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 9729

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Inês Silveirinha Vilarinho

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Guest Editor
Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: sustainable development; circular economy; low-carbon technologies; mathematical modelling; development of new processes; materials; new added applications; waste valorization; preparation and characterization of sustainable materials for construction (novel cements and functional mortars); bio-plastic and ceramic materials
Dr. Mohammadreza Kamali

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer-2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
Interests: development of engineered materials for advanced catalytic wastewater treatment systems; optimization of biological treatment technologies using sustainable materials; valorisation of industrial and municipal solid wastes; sustainability assessment and life-cycle analysis of advanced technologies; development of the environmental quality standards
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maria Elisabete Jorge Vieira Costa

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Guest Editor
Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: chemical synthesis of nano- and micro-sized powder particles (calcium phosphates, semiconductor oxides or precursors and metals) for advanced applications including electronic, gas sensing, biomedical and environmental applications; preparation and characterization of porous scaffolds (ceramic, polymer, and composites) for tissue engineering; processing of nanostructured particles for controlled drug delivery; preparation and characterization of functional electroceramics (bulk, thin and thick films) for dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and energy applications; growth and characterization of ferroelectric single crystals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Materials and chemical processes are the basis of modern societies. On the other hand, they have been responsible for the release of huge amounts of contaminants into various environmental compartments. Hence, it would be vital to develop sustainable materials and processes to satisfy the needs for clean, efficient, economic, and socially acceptable products. Such an approach can be mainly attained by redesigning the manufacturing processes, due to the fact that the industrial sector is the major contributor to global emissions and environmental pollution (19% in 2017). Therefore, ensuring sustainable development and drastically reducing high energy consumption, in particular, that associated with industrial processes, are now mandatory. Sustainable materials are also critically important not only to reduce the probable health issues and ecotoxicity but also to achieve economic growth decoupled from resources consumption.

This Special Issue calls for innovative and high-quality reviews, original papers, communications, etc., that concern various aspects of the sustainable development of materials and chemical processes. Experts in the field are then invited to participate in this Special Issue and share their latest achievements aiming to provide breakthrough technology and the next generation of materials for a more sustainable world.

Dr. Inês Silveirinha Vilarinho
Dr. Mohammadreza Kamali
Dr. Maria Elisabete Jorge Vieira Costa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • low-carbon technologies
  • environmentally friendly materials and processes
  • sustainable materials
  • sustainable manufacturing processes
  • economic and environmental sustainability
  • climate neutrality

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2000 KiB  
Article
Plasma-Arc-Flow Technology for Sustainable Treatment of High-Impact Fluid Waste: A Graphene-Based Material for Industrial-Wastewater Purification
by Carmine Mongiello, Mohammad Ghoreishi, Vinod Kumar Sharma, Liberato Verdoliva, Sabato Aprea, Paolo Venturini and Gianluca Pesce
Processes 2023, 11(8), 2307; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11082307 - 1 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1254
Abstract
The research presented aimed to address the treatment of fluid waste with significant environmental impact by utilizing plasma technology, specifically plasma arc flow (PAF). The goal was to develop a novel purification material based on graphene for industrial applications and to optimize the [...] Read more.
The research presented aimed to address the treatment of fluid waste with significant environmental impact by utilizing plasma technology, specifically plasma arc flow (PAF). The goal was to develop a novel purification material based on graphene for industrial applications and to optimize the treatment process. Analysis and monitoring of a submerged arc plasma reactor were the main goals of this research. This entailed a careful examination of the incoming wastewater that needed to be treated with the goal of identifying its precise composition characteristics with the relative tolerances needed for the reactions that were to follow in the reactor. The focus of the analysis was on input-parameter optimization, production of characteristic curves, and analysis of the factors affecting hydrogen evolution in syngas. Additionally, the study investigated how to determine the best viscosity for a particular input matrix by carrying out an evaluation study. The effects of this parameter were thought to be reduced by preheating the incoming wastewater through heat recovery. The long-term objective of the research is to create filters that can purify the water used and produced in gasification processes as well as to characterize the fixed reside from the gasifier for potential conversion into graphene-based material. In addition, this work acknowledges that additional experiments are required to validate its purifying capacity on wastewater produced by various industrial processes. Moreover, the inclusion of plans to model the evolution of hydrogen in PAF using the CHEMCAD software® and defining guidelines for optimizing parameters for enhanced energy efficiency showcased the research’s ambition to expand and refine its scope. Finding the best plant solutions that can significantly reduce electricity consumption is the ultimate goal. In summary, the study demonstrated significant advancement in the analysis and optimization of fluid-waste treatment with high environmental impact through the use of plasma technology, specifically PAF. A thorough and forward-looking approach was demonstrated by the use of modeling software, experimental studies, and plans for future research. The potential creation of graphene-based filters and the use of the fixed residue as a useful material further highlight the innovativeness of this research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Materials and Chemical Processes-From Concepts to Applications)
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24 pages, 17828 KiB  
Article
NADES-Based Cork Extractives as Green Ingredients for Cosmetics and Textiles
by Diana Rocha, David S. Freitas, Jéssica Magalhães, Mariana Fernandes, Sónia Silva, Jennifer Noro, Artur Ribeiro, Artur Cavaco-Paulo, Madalena Martins and Carla Silva
Processes 2023, 11(2), 309; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11020309 - 17 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3082
Abstract
The demand for products based on natural ingredients is increasing among cosmetic and textile consumers. Cork extracts contain components of interest with special properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities, that might improve the effectiveness of cosmetic formulations currently on the market and [...] Read more.
The demand for products based on natural ingredients is increasing among cosmetic and textile consumers. Cork extracts contain components of interest with special properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities, that might improve the effectiveness of cosmetic formulations currently on the market and may impart new characteristics to textiles. The main goal of this work was to investigate the effect of the incorporation of three cork extracts into two commercial cosmetic formulations (formulation A and B) and evaluate their role as textile dyeing agents. The extracts (E1, E2, and E3) were obtained from cork powder using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) (E1-NADES 1: lactic acid:glycerol, E2-NADES 2: lactic acid:glycine, and E3-NADES 3: lactic acid:sodium citrate) and applied in combination with the solvent. The impact of the extracts on the cosmetic formulations’ properties was evaluated in terms of pH, viscosity, antioxidant activity, transdermal permeation capacity, cytotoxicity, and organoleptic characteristics (odor, color, and appearance). The results demonstrated that the cork extracts improved the antioxidant performance of the formulations (90% reduction in DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-picril-hidrazil)). Moreover, low concentrations (5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL) of extract did not present a cytotoxic effect on keratinocytes. Cotton fabrics were efficiently dyed with the NADES-based cork extracts which conferred to these substrates antioxidant (78% in DPPH reduction) and antibacterial abilities (inhibition halos: 12–15 mm). The application of cork extracts as ingredients in cosmetics or as dyeing/coloration agents for textile coloration is revealed to be a promising and green route to replace harmful ingredients normally used in industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Materials and Chemical Processes-From Concepts to Applications)
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Review

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21 pages, 1435 KiB  
Review
Green Techniques for Detecting Microplastics in Marine with Emphasis on FTIR and NIR Spectroscopy—Short Review
by Vlatka Mikulec, Petra Adamović, Želimira Cvetković, Martina Ivešić and Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić
Processes 2023, 11(8), 2360; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11082360 - 5 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4485
Abstract
The amount of microplastics (MPs) present in marine ecosystems are a growing concern, with potential impacts on human health because they are associated with an increase in the ecotoxicity of certain foods, such as fish. As a result, there has been a growing [...] Read more.
The amount of microplastics (MPs) present in marine ecosystems are a growing concern, with potential impacts on human health because they are associated with an increase in the ecotoxicity of certain foods, such as fish. As a result, there has been a growing interest in developing effective methods for the analysis of MPs in marine waters. Traditional methods for MP analysis involve visual inspection and manual sorting, which can be time-consuming and subject to human error. However, novel methods have been developed that offer more efficient and accurate analyses. One such method is based on spectroscopy, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Another method involves the use of fluorescent dyes, which can selectively bind to microplastics and allow for their detection under UV light. Additionally, machine learning approaches have been developed to analyze large volumes of water samples for MP detection and classification. These methods involve the use of specialized algorithms that can identify and classify MPs based on their size, shape, and texture. Overall, these novel methods offer more efficient and accurate analyses of MPs in marine waters, which is essential for understanding the extent and impacts of MP pollution and for developing effective mitigation strategies. However, there is still a need for continued research and development to optimize these methods and improve their sensitivity and accuracy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Materials and Chemical Processes-From Concepts to Applications)
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