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Prosthesis
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Dental Ceramics and Restorative Materials in Prosthodontics: The New Frontier...
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Dental Ceramics and Restorative Materials in Prosthodontics: The New Frontier of the Digital Workflow

A special issue of Prosthesis (ISSN 2673-1592).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2024 | Viewed by 4967

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Roberto Sorrentino

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Guest Editor
Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Interests: prosthodontics; digital dentistry; restorative dentistry; adhesive dentistry; adhesion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Fernando Zarone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Scientific Unit of Digital Dentistry (SUDD), Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Federico II of Napoli, 80138 Napoli, NA, Italy
Interests: prosthodontics; esthetics; dental materials; ceramics; digital dentistry; scanners; 3D printing; implant prosthodontics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gennaro Ruggiero

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Guest Editor
Scientific Unit of Digital Dentistry (SUDD), Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Federico II of Napoli, 80138 Napoli, NA, Italy
Interests: prosthodontics; maxillofacial prosthetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the development of innovative production technologies and the advancement of restorative materials with increasingly high-performance mechanical and optical characteristics have made digital dentistry a valid clinical reality, particularly in the field of prosthodontics and in the treatment of areas with high esthetic demands. Digital tools have significantly improved both diagnostic processes (CBCT, MRI, and ultrasonography) and clinical protocols (optical impressions, CAD/CAM technologies, and 3D printing). Specifically, in prosthodontics and restorative dentistry, the introduction of digital planning and previsualization software, as well as the use of intraoral scanning systems, has greatly improved communication with patients, the sharing of treatment plan objectives, and operative and psychological comfort. Furthermore, the introduction of increasingly high-performance production technologies has made it possible to manufacture prostheses entirely through a digital workflow. The implementation of advanced technologies (CAD/CAM, laser sintering, melting, and 3D printing) in daily clinical practice has received a significant push from the development of innovative restorative materials. These improvements have significantly expanded the clinical options in prosthetic rehabilitation, both for natural teeth and implants. The primary aim of this Special Issue is to collect clinical and experimental investigations about the use of the digital workflow in prosthetic rehabilitations, both tooth- and implant-supported.

Prof. Dr. Roberto Sorrentino
Prof. Dr. Fernando Zarone
Dr. Gennaro Ruggiero
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Prosthesis is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • restorative materials
  • digital dentistry
  • prosthodontics
  • prosthesis

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1180 KiB  
Article
Flexural Properties of Three Novel 3D-Printed Dental Resins Compared to Other Resin-Based Restorative Materials
by Francesco De Angelis, Maurizio D’Amario, Ali Jahjah, Massimo Frascaria, Mirco Vadini, Edoardo Sorrentino, Virginia Biferi and Camillo D’Arcangelo
Prosthesis 2024, 6(3), 619-630; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6030043 - 10 Jun 2024
Viewed by 851
Abstract
To evaluate the flexural strength and flexural modulus of three recently introduced 3D-Printed resins and compare them with the flexural properties of other well known, already commercialized, and extensively used resin based dental materials. Three 3D-printed dental resins, a fiber-reinforced epoxy resin, a [...] Read more.
To evaluate the flexural strength and flexural modulus of three recently introduced 3D-Printed resins and compare them with the flexural properties of other well known, already commercialized, and extensively used resin based dental materials. Three 3D-printed dental resins, a fiber-reinforced epoxy resin, a heat-cured bis-acrylate-based composite resin, two conventional CAD/CAM PMMA, and a graphene-reinforced CAD/CAM PMMA, were selected for this study. Ten prismatic-shaped specimens (2 × 2 × 25 mm) were fabricated for each material (n = 10). All specimens underwent a three-point bending test using a universal testing machine and were loaded until fracture. Flexural strength (MPa) and flexural modulus (MPa) mean values were calculated and compared using the on ranks One-Way ANOVA test. Scanning electron microscope analysis of the 3D-printed resins was performed. Significantly different flexural properties were recorded among the tested materials. The fiber-reinforced epoxy resin exhibited the highest flexural strength (418.0 MPa) while, among the 3D-printed resins, the best flexural strength was achieved by Irix-Max (135.0 MPa). Irix-Plus and Temporis led to the lowest mean flexural strength values (103.9 MPa and 101.3 MPa, respectively) of all the CAD/CAM milled materials, except for the conventional PMMA by Sintodent (88.9 MPa). The fiber-reinforced epoxy resin also showed the highest flexural modulus (14,672.2 MPa), followed by the heat-cured bis-acrylate composite (10,010.1 MPa). All 3D-printed resins had a higher flexural modulus than the conventional PMMA materials. CAD/CAM fiber-reinforced epoxy resin excels in flexural strength, with Irix-Max showing promising flexural properties, which could encourage its use for permanent restorations. Caution is needed with Irix-Plus and Temporis due to their lower flexural strength compared to other traditional materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Ceramics and Restorative Materials in Prosthodontics: The New Frontier of the Digital Workflow)
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12 pages, 531 KiB  
Article
A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial on Lithium Disilicate Veneers Manufactured by the CAD–CAM Method: Digital Versus Hybrid Workflow
by Giulia Verniani, Marco Ferrari, Daniele Manfredini and Edoardo Ferrari Cagidiaco
Prosthesis 2024, 6(2), 329-340; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6020025 - 3 Apr 2024
Viewed by 909
Abstract
Pressed lithium disilicate is largely used for veneer manufacturing, but a new block formulation has recently been released on the market. This study evaluated the clinical performance of milled lithium disilicate veneers (LiSi Block, GC Co., Tokyo, Japan) realized with a fully digital [...] Read more.
Pressed lithium disilicate is largely used for veneer manufacturing, but a new block formulation has recently been released on the market. This study evaluated the clinical performance of milled lithium disilicate veneers (LiSi Block, GC Co., Tokyo, Japan) realized with a fully digital or hybrid workflow using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) evaluation criteria and survival rates after 24 months of clinical service together with the patient’s satisfaction using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). A total of 105 veneers on natural anterior teeth were made on twenty-nine patients with LiSi Block (GC, Tokyo, Japan). Patients were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1, 35 veneers realized with a completely digital workflow using Trios 3 (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark); Group 2, 35 veneers realized with a completely digital workflow using Experimental IOS (GC, Tokyo, Japan); and Group 3, 35 veneers realized with a hybrid workflow. The restorations were followed up for 24 months, and the modified USPHS evaluation was performed at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months together with periodontal evaluation. Repeated measures two-way ANOVA and the Tukey test were applied to compare the modified USPHS method values (α = 0.05). STATISTICA 10.0 software and SIGMAPLOT 12.0 software were used to perform statistical analysis. There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups and with the interaction of group vs. time periods. The satisfaction scores of 7.35 ± 1.8 and 9.4 ± 0.37 were recorded before and after treatment, respectively. Milled lithium disilicate veneers showed a good clinical outcome after 2 years of clinical service. No difference was found between fully digital or hybrid workflow. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Ceramics and Restorative Materials in Prosthodontics: The New Frontier of the Digital Workflow)
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Review

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28 pages, 4988 KiB  
Review
Current Progress in the Development of Resin Materials with Nanofillers for 3D Printing of Denture Base
by Ahmed Altarazi, Julfikar Haider, Abdulaziz Alhotan, Nikolaos Silikas and Hugh Devlin
Prosthesis 2024, 6(4), 770-797; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6040055 - 16 Jul 2024
Viewed by 261
Abstract
Background: Advanced manufacturing techniques, such as three-dimensional (3D) printing, use digital models from computer-aided design to produce 3D objects. They are frequently employed in different areas of dentistry, such as orthodontics, oral implantology, and prosthodontics. Purpose: The aim of this review [...] Read more.
Background: Advanced manufacturing techniques, such as three-dimensional (3D) printing, use digital models from computer-aided design to produce 3D objects. They are frequently employed in different areas of dentistry, such as orthodontics, oral implantology, and prosthodontics. Purpose: The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of 3D-printing technology for denture bases and explore the influence of incorporating different fillers into 3D-printed denture base resins on their physical, mechanical, and biological characteristics. Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching papers published between 2010 and 2023 in several online databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. The main inclusion criteria used during the search was identifying the papers which added nanoparticles in the resin as an agent to bring different functional characteristics within the 3D-printed denture base resin. Furthermore, even though the search criteria were set for finding papers from the past 10 years, development in this field has accelerated in the past 4–5 years. Findings: Various fillers have exhibited promising results in terms of their ability to improve the functional properties of the 3D-printed denture base resins. However, such improvements come at a higher cost with careful resin preparation when considering the filler particles, the fabrication complexities and the extensive post-processing that is required. Conclusions: The use of 3D-printing approaches and fillers to fabricate dentures is associated with significant benefits in terms of imparting functional properties, consistency in fabrication and opportunities for innovation. However, further research is required to acquire a better understanding of the holistic, long-term performance of various filler materials, concentrations, their clinical relevance and particularly the potential health risks from the fillers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Ceramics and Restorative Materials in Prosthodontics: The New Frontier of the Digital Workflow)
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28 pages, 7235 KiB  
Review
Lithium Silicate-Based Glass Ceramics in Dentistry: A Narrative Review
by Hanan Al-Johani, Julfikar Haider, Julian Satterthwaite and Nick Silikas
Prosthesis 2024, 6(3), 478-505; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6030034 - 2 May 2024
Viewed by 1837
Abstract
Considering the rapid evolution of lithium silicate-based glass ceramics (LSCs) in dentistry, this review paper aims to present an updated overview of the recently introduced commercial novel LSCs. The clinical and in vitro English-language literature relating to the microstructure, manufacturing, strengthening, properties, surface [...] Read more.
Considering the rapid evolution of lithium silicate-based glass ceramics (LSCs) in dentistry, this review paper aims to present an updated overview of the recently introduced commercial novel LSCs. The clinical and in vitro English-language literature relating to the microstructure, manufacturing, strengthening, properties, surface treatments and clinical performance of LSC materials was obtained through an electronic search. Findings from relevant articles were extracted and summarised for this manuscript. There is considerable evidence supporting the mechanical and aesthetic competency of LSC variants, namely zirconia-reinforced lithium silicates and lithium–aluminium disilicates. Nonetheless, the literature assessing the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of novel LSCs is scarce. An exploration of the chemical, mechanical and chemo-mechanical intaglio surface treatments—alternative to hydrofluoric acid etching—revealed promising adhesion performance for acid neutralisation and plasma treatment. The subtractive manufacturing methods of partially crystallised and fully crystallised LSC blocks and the additive manufacturing modalities pertaining to the fabrication of LSC dental restorations are addressed, wherein that challenges that could be encountered upon implementing novel additive manufacturing approaches using LSC print materials are highlighted. Furthermore, the short-term clinical performance of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicates and lithium–aluminium disilicates is demonstrated to be comparable to that of lithium disilicate ceramics and reveals promising potential for their long-term clinical performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Ceramics and Restorative Materials in Prosthodontics: The New Frontier of the Digital Workflow)
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