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Recycling
Special Issues
Reuse of Wastewater: Recovery of Water, Nutrients, and Energy—2nd Edition
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Reuse of Wastewater: Recovery of Water, Nutrients, and Energy—2nd Edition

A special issue of Recycling (ISSN 2313-4321).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2024) | Viewed by 6983

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ismael Leonardo Vera Puerto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences - Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
Interests: nature-based solutions; wastewater treatment; constructed wetlands; reuse; circular economy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Carlos A. Arias

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology-Aquatic Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
Interests: constructed wetlands; wastewater; wastewater treatment plants circular economy; resource recovery technical development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Considering the need for sustainable water management, and to comply with the UN sustainable Development Goals, resource recovery from wastewater is a necessity for the future. However, at present, wastewater treatment plants are generally seen as disposal sites—a vision that must be changed to “resource factories”. Some technical issues related to the way that resources such as nutrients, acids, energy, and water can be recovered remain to be solved in order to transform wastewater treatment plants. Furthermore, new applications of traditional resources such as water, or successful experiences of resource recovery at full-scale installation, bring with them the possibility to show a starting phase of this new vision of treatment installations. In addition, incipient research to recover new resources that are unknown can open new possibilities. After the success of the previous Special Issue on “Reuse of Wastewater Recovery of Water, Nutrients, and Energy”, we are pleased to invite researchers to contribute to this second Special Issue. Through original research, proof of concept, and scientific evidence, this Special Issue aims to highlight the state of different strategies, new applications, successful experiences, and new resources available in wastewater, and how the resources can be recovered during treatment for improving the quality of wastewater.

Dr. Ismael Leonardo Vera Puerto
Dr. Carlos A. Arias
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Recycling is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrient recovery
  • biomass recovery
  • energy recovery
  • recycled water
  • reuse
  • circular economy
  • ecotechnologies
  • wastewater treatment plants

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 6142 KiB  
Article
Direct Contact Membrane Distillation of Artificial Urine and Its Application in Plasticizing Lunar Regolith
by Mohammad Tarikuzzaman, Stephen T. Gordon, Shaurav Alam and Joan G. Lynam
Recycling 2024, 9(5), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling9050089 - 1 Oct 2024
Viewed by 462
Abstract
Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) uses low heat sources to separate water from urea, which was then used as a plasticizer in regolith-based cement to make it more workable. The work investigated separating potable water and urea from artificial urine using DCMD and [...] Read more.
Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) uses low heat sources to separate water from urea, which was then used as a plasticizer in regolith-based cement to make it more workable. The work investigated separating potable water and urea from artificial urine using DCMD and then characterizing the products. Water was successfully separated from the artificial urine solution as characterized by density, conductivity, pH, and substance concentrations. The concentrated urine solution was used in regolith-based cement cured under vacuum at temperatures that simulated temperatures that would be expected in construction on the Moon. Workability and other properties were improved by replacing water with concentrated urine solution in the mix. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reuse of Wastewater: Recovery of Water, Nutrients, and Energy—2nd Edition)
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12 pages, 1759 KiB  
Article
Recycling of Waste Oyster Shells for Fluoride Removal from Hydrofluoric Acid Wastewater
by Su Bin Kang, Gwang-Il Ko, Byeong-Chan Min, Zhuo Wang, Su Min Kim and Sung Wook Won
Recycling 2024, 9(5), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling9050086 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 538
Abstract
The investigation into the implementation and widespread adoption of oyster shell recycling methods aimed at restoring coastal ecosystems and enhancing water quality is currently limited. In this study, we investigated the utilization of oyster shell powder (OSP) as a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable [...] Read more.
The investigation into the implementation and widespread adoption of oyster shell recycling methods aimed at restoring coastal ecosystems and enhancing water quality is currently limited. In this study, we investigated the utilization of oyster shell powder (OSP) as a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable method for treating high-fluoride-concentration wastewater, a byproduct of industrial processes. We conducted extensive laboratory testing to determine the optimal conditions for fluoride removal. This involved variations in OSP doses, particle sizes, and initial wastewater pH levels. The results of these tests showed that OSP achieved fluoride removal efficiencies exceeding 98% at an optimal dosage of 5 g/L. In addition, OSP effectively adjusted the wastewater pH from highly acidic (pH 2) to almost neutral (pH 6.87), demonstrating its effectiveness in real-world industrial wastewater treatment. OSP, derived from oyster shell waste, is rich in calcium carbonate and offers a novel approach to wastewater management by leveraging a natural waste product. This study demonstrates the potential of OSP as a waste management strategy and contributor to the circular economy by repurposing industrial byproducts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reuse of Wastewater: Recovery of Water, Nutrients, and Energy—2nd Edition)
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18 pages, 5818 KiB  
Article
Sludge-Based Superparamagnetic Nano-Sorbent Functionalized by Lanthanum Silicate Nanorods for Phosphorus Adsorption and Fertilization
by Qian Zhao, Xiaole Wang, Juan Ren, Wei Wang, Jingtao Xu, Shujuan Meng, Jiarou Jin, Xiaochen Li, Yuyang Fu, Kechao Han, Ruimin Mu, Xinyi Li, Renbo Zhao, Hongbo Wang and Feiyong Chen
Recycling 2024, 9(4), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling9040053 - 24 Jun 2024
Viewed by 980
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) recovery from wastewater is considered to be a positive human intervention towards sustainable P use in the global P cycle. This study investigated the feasibility of synthesizing a superparamagnetic nano-sorbent that was functionalized by lanthanum silicate nanorods (NRLa-Si) using [...] Read more.
Phosphorus (P) recovery from wastewater is considered to be a positive human intervention towards sustainable P use in the global P cycle. This study investigated the feasibility of synthesizing a superparamagnetic nano-sorbent that was functionalized by lanthanum silicate nanorods (NRLa-Si) using drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS), evaluating both its P adsorption capacity and fertilization effect. The DWTS-based La-modified P nano-sorbent (P-sorbent D) exhibited complicated but single-layer-dominant adsorption for phosphate, with a maximum adsorption capacity up to 26.8 mg/g, which was superior to that of most of the similar sludge-based P-sorbent. The NRLa-Si-modified P-sorbent D was identified with several characterization techniques and the leaching metal elements from the nano-sorbent were tested, which were below the limits proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. In addition, the growth and vigorousness of Arabidopsis thaliana indicated that the exhausted P-sorbent D could be used as a potential water-soluble moderate-release P fertilizer, which was also confirmed by the well-fitted P uptake model and the P desorption pattern from the sorbent–fertilizer. The doped lanthanum silicate nanorods could play the dual role of P complexation enhancement and health/growth promotion. In light of this, this study proposed a new way of reclaiming DWTS as a P-sorbent for fertilization, offering new insights into the path toward “closing the P loop”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reuse of Wastewater: Recovery of Water, Nutrients, and Energy—2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 938 KiB  
Article
Rural Urban Nutrient Partnership (RUN): Life Cycle Assessment of Multi Nutrient Recovery from Kitchen Waste and Blackwater
by Heinz Stichnothe, Ben Joseph, Volker Preyl and Carsten Meyer
Recycling 2024, 9(2), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling9020031 - 17 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1774
Abstract
Newly developed and innovative RUN technology aims to recover nutrients from urban wastewater (blackwater) and biowaste (kitchen waste). The development of RUN technology has been supported by the life cycle assessment (LCA) in order to identify hotspots and trade-offs. While the performance of [...] Read more.
Newly developed and innovative RUN technology aims to recover nutrients from urban wastewater (blackwater) and biowaste (kitchen waste). The development of RUN technology has been supported by the life cycle assessment (LCA) in order to identify hotspots and trade-offs. While the performance of the process at a laboratory scale did not show any environmental benefits from P recovery, the LCA results have helped to improve the environmental performance at the following scale-up step. The recovery of P on a technical scale was environmentally beneficial, especially in terms of the global warming potential (GWP). However, there were still some trade-offs, e.g., freshwater and marine eutrophication were slightly higher compared to conventional P fertilizer production. Given that P is considered a critical raw material and that climate change is probably the most pressing environmental issue, RUN technology has the potential to deliver on both domains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reuse of Wastewater: Recovery of Water, Nutrients, and Energy—2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 5040 KiB  
Article
Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India)
by Mirko Hänel, Ganbaatar Khurelbaatar, Emil Jespersen, Aryan Upadhyay, Andrés Acosta, Nadeem Khalil, Hans Brix and Carlos A. Arias
Recycling 2023, 8(5), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling8050075 - 29 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2416
Abstract
In many Indian regions, increased wastewater is both a threat to public health and the environment, but it also presents an opportunity as a source of water and nutrients. With less than one-third of India’s wastewater treated and an alarming water scarcity situation, [...] Read more.
In many Indian regions, increased wastewater is both a threat to public health and the environment, but it also presents an opportunity as a source of water and nutrients. With less than one-third of India’s wastewater treated and an alarming water scarcity situation, efficient wastewater treatment and reuse schemes are needed to face impending water and fertiliser shortages. This study explores the application potential of wastewater fertigated Short Rotation Coppice systems (wfSRC) as a cost-efficient and promising solution for treating and reusing wastewater in a specific region (400 km2, 184 settlements) of Aligarh (UP), India. Based on real data from a local wfSRC pilot site using bamboo, willow, and poplar, we analysed the system’s treatment performance, nutrient recovery, carbon sequestration potential, land requirements, biomass production potential, and cost–benefit, under various scenarios. The results show that the pilot wfSRC system is efficiently treating 250 m3/day of domestic wastewater on 6864 m2 of land, and serving 2500 people. The land requirements for wfSRC systems vary depending on local conditions (e.g., climate, soil type, wastewater composition) and user demands (e.g., water reuse efficiency, type, and amount of biomass). The calculated areas ranged from 2.75 to 25.7 m2/PE, which equates to a required land area in the whole study region of between 108 and 1006 ha in 2036. This would produce up to 100 DM t/ha/year of valuable biomass. Early local stakeholder involvement and the monitoring of pollutants are recommended as priorities during the planning process for the large-scale implementation of wfSRC systems in India. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reuse of Wastewater: Recovery of Water, Nutrients, and Energy—2nd Edition)
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